X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy

Beamline 15-2 is a state-of-the-art undulator experimental station specializing in advanced hard x-ray spectroscopy. The end station features cutting-edge instrumentation, including a 7-crystal Johann spectrometer and an 8-crystal von Hamos instrument for sub-core hole lifetime resolution x-ray emission spectroscopy. It also houses high-throughput and high-energy-resolution x-ray Raman spectrometers with resolutions of 0.3 eV, optimized for both low-q (40-crystal) and high-q (30-crystal) scattering geometries.

Beam line 14-3a, located on the upstream table of the hutch of the BL14-3 bending magnet side station, is dedicated to bulk x-ray absorption spectroscopy of biological, materials, and geological samples in the tender x-ray photon energy range 2.1-5.0 keV. BL14-3 is the only beam line at SSRL capable of obtaining spectroscopy data at the phosphorous K edge (2.15 keV). In this configuration the beam is partially unfocused over a size of 1 mm x 6 mm to allow for high energy-resolution measurements on homogenous samples.

BL13-2 is an elliptically polarizing undulator (EPU) beamline dedicated for high energy resolution soft x-ray core-level spectroscopy. Its endstation features a versatile chamber capable of characterizing numerous samples simultaneously. It is equipped to measure XAS in various modes including Total Electron Yield (TEY), Partial Electron Yield (PEY), Total Fluorescence Yield (TFY), and Partial Fluorescence Yield (PFY).

Beam line 11-2 is a high-flux XAS end-station dedicated to radiological, geochemical, and surface/interfacial science. It is optimized for challenging XAS measurements on dilute or radioactive samples, surfaces, and interfaces. To support these experiments, BL11-2 is equipped with collimating and focusing optics, a "double double" Si(220) LN2-cooled monochromator, and a 100-pixel monolithic solid state Ge detector array.

Beam line currently closed for upgrade.

Beam line 9-3 is a high flux focused wiggler side-station optimized for x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XANES and EXAFS) in the 5.5–30 keV range, dedicated for x-ray absorption spectroscopy and EXAFS measurements on dilute biological systems. A dedicated LHe cryostat allows for routine low temperature measurements. The station features a double-crystal Si(220) monochromator with energy resolution up to 10^-4(ΔE/E) and small vertical entrance slits to reduce intensity glitches.

Beam line 8-2 can be used to probe a wide range of core levels using photoemission and x-ray absorption spectroscopies. It is equipped with a general-purpose end-station offering a high throughput setup for soft x-ray spectroscopy measurement. BL8-2 has been optimized for seamless sample positioning and the ability to measure across many different energies, consecutively, rendering it particularly useful for characterizing large numbers of samples with multiple elements such as energy storage materials or catalysts.

Beam line 7-3 is a high flux wiggler side-station optimized for x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XANES and EXAFS) in the 5.5–40 keV range, dedicated for x-ray absorption spectroscopy and EXAFS measurements on dilute biological systems. A dedicated LHe cryostat allows for routine low temperature measurements. The unfocused beam on BL7-3 is ideal for samples especially susceptible to radiation damage, such as high-valent intermediates and other oxidized species.

Beamline 6-2c is a wiggler end-station dedicated to hard x-ray transmission microscopy. The full-field transmission X-ray microscope (TXM) is capable of 2D and 3D imaging (radiography and tomography), as well as spectroscopic imaging. Scientific areas include batteries, catalysts, fuel cells, among other nanoscale chemistry, materials science, and geology applications.

Beam line 2-2 is a bending magnet experimental station setup for general x-ray absorption spectroscopy in the 4.5 keV to 37 keV range. This beam line features a QEXAFS capable water cooled double-crystal monochromator. Si(111) or Si(220) crystal sets can be installed. White beam experiments are possible. On-the-fly scanning modes are available to shorten acquisition time and enable time resolved studies. In addition, this beam line is equipped with a comprehensive suite of hardware and software tools that support R&D in beam line automation.