X-ray absorption spectroscopy

Beamline 15-2 is a state-of-the-art undulator experimental station specializing in advanced hard x-ray spectroscopy. The end station features cutting-edge instrumentation, including a 7-crystal Johann spectrometer and an 8-crystal von Hamos instrument for sub-core hole lifetime resolution x-ray emission spectroscopy. It also houses high-throughput and high-energy-resolution x-ray Raman spectrometers with resolutions of 0.3 eV, optimized for both low-q (40-crystal) and high-q (30-crystal) scattering geometries.

BL13-2 is an elliptically polarizing undulator (EPU) beamline dedicated for high energy resolution soft x-ray core-level spectroscopy. Its endstation features a versatile chamber capable of characterizing numerous samples simultaneously. It is equipped to measure XAS in various modes including Total Electron Yield (TEY), Partial Electron Yield (PEY), Total Fluorescence Yield (TFY), and Partial Fluorescence Yield (PFY).

Beam line 11-2 is a high-flux XAS end-station dedicated to radiological, geochemical, and surface/interfacial science. It is optimized for challenging XAS measurements on dilute or radioactive samples, surfaces, and interfaces. To support these experiments, BL11-2 is equipped with collimating and focusing optics, a "double double" Si(220) LN₂-cooled monochromator, and a 100-pixel monolithic solid state Ge detector array.

Beam line currently closed for upgrade.

Beam line 9-3 is a high flux focused wiggler side-station optimized for x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XANES and EXAFS) in the 5.5–30 keV range, for x-ray absorption spectroscopy and EXAFS measurements primarily on dilute biological systems. A dedicated LHe cryostat allows for routine low temperature measurements. The station features an LN₂-cooled double-crystal Si(220) monochromator with energy resolution up to 10^-4 (ΔE/E) and small vertical entrance slits to reduce intensity glitches.

Beam line 8-2 can be used to probe a wide range of core levels using photoemission and x-ray absorption spectroscopies. It is equipped with a general-purpose end-station offering a high throughput setup for soft x-ray spectroscopy measurement. BL8-2 has been optimized for seamless sample positioning and the ability to measure across many different energies, consecutively, rendering it particularly useful for characterizing large numbers of samples with multiple elements such as energy storage materials or catalysts.

Beam line 7-3 is a high flux wiggler side-station optimized for x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XANES and EXAFS) in the 5.5–40 keV range, dedicated for x-ray absorption spectroscopy and EXAFS measurements on dilute biological systems. A dedicated LHe cryostat allows for routine low temperature measurements. The unfocused beam on BL7-3 is ideal for samples especially susceptible to radiation damage, such as high-valent intermediates and other oxidized species.

Beam line 2-2 is a bending magnet experimental station setup for general x-ray absorption spectroscopy in the 4.5 keV to 37 keV range. This beam line features a QEXAFS capable water cooled double-crystal monochromator. Si(111) or Si(220) crystal sets can be installed. White beam experiments are possible. On-the-fly scanning modes are available to shorten acquisition time and enable time resolved studies. In addition, this beam line is equipped with a comprehensive suite of hardware and software tools that support R&D in beam line automation.

Beam line 4-1 is a high-flux wiggler station optimized for x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XANES and EXAFS) in the 5–38 keV range, covering transition metals, lanthanides, actinides and P-block elements. BL4-1 accommodates radioactive materials (RAM) samples with radionuclides based on radiotoxicity level, activity, shielding requirements and experimental needs. The station features an LN₂-cooled double-crystal Si(220) monochromator with energy resolution up to 10^-5(ΔE/E) and small vertical entrance slits to reduce intensity glitches.

Beam line 4-3 is a wiggler side-station dedicated for x-ray absorption spectroscopy and EXAFS measurements on biological, environmental, catalysis, and materials systems. This station enables tender x-ray measurement (S K-edge and up, i.e. 2.4-5 keV) in addition to hard x-rays (up to 10 keV). Separate in-hutch experimental setups are required for the two different energy ranges. In the tender x-ray energy range, the station is setup with a He flight path from the beam line optics to the sample to avoid absorption by air.