January through March
2001

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

A. Project Summary
 1. Technical Progress
 2. Cost Reporting

B. Detailed Reports
 1.1 Magnets & Supports
 1.2 Vacuum System
 1.3 Power Supplies
 1.4 RF System
 1.5 Instrumentation & Controls
 1.6 Cable Plant
 1.8 Facilities
 1.9 Installation
 2.1 Accelerator Physics

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1. Technical Progress

The DOE 1^st Quarterly Report of FY 01 listed the Key Milestones for the 2^nd Quarter of FY 01. These were all achieved on schedule except for the PSAD for which a draft was completed in March and is under review.

Key Milestones Upcoming (next three months) Baseline Date

· Mini-Lehman Review 2/01

· Delivery of first production magnets from IHEP 3/01

· BM1 & BM2 chamber Revere copper delivery 3/01

· First lot of QFC chambers delivery 3/01

· Complete prototype fixed girder 3/01

· 1.2 MW klystron acceptance test 3/01

· Complete Preliminary Safety Assessment Document (PSAD) 3/01

The first shipment of production magnets (9 Dipoles and 12 Quadrupoles) left IHEP at the beginning of March and arrived at SLAC April 4. The magnets are undergoing mechanical checks followed by fiducialization and magnetic measurement checks. The magnets are shown in section B (1.1) where they have been uncrated in PEP Interaction Hall #12. A second shipment of magnets (3 Dipoles, 7 Quadrupoles, and 6 Sextupoles) left IHEP near the beginning of April.

A prototype of one of the 3 magnet/vacuum support rafts (girder BM2) for a standard cell was manufactured in March and delivered April 6. It is planned that magnets and vacuum chambers will be installed on this girder in the next quarter to check-out installation and alignment techniques. This will be followed by the procurement of production units for all support girders. A picture of the girder is shown in section B (1.1). The location is Building 750 (Linear Collider Hall) where production assembly of the technical components on the various support girders will take place.

For the Vacuum System, six sets of QFC machined halves were received in February in preparation for e-beam welding. Tooling was designed and fabricated to straighten the longer BM1 and BM2 chambers. The vacuum fabrication facilities were prepared. All parts required to complete a BM2 chamber were completed together with associated e-beam welder tooling. Unfortunately, the e-beam welder required extensive cleaning in late March delaying chamber production by approximately 3 weeks. The current plan is to complete the prototype BM2 chamber in April for assembly with magnets in the first BM2 raft. QFC production will then proceed with production rate of approximately 1 unit/week. Two shift operation of e-beam welder is planned for April 23 to regain schedule loss.

All twenty bulk power supplies for corrector magnets have been received and tested. The induction kicker supply is nearing completion. Following a no-bid response, the main dipole supply will be build in-house following the PEP-II design. Intermediate supply specifications are in progress.

The production of the main RF system components is proceeding well. The 1.2 MW klystron was completed within the twelve months delivery time and successfully tested in early March to 1.3 MW. The tube arrived at SLAC April 9. Further testing awaits the availability of a PEP-II power supply. The 4 RF cavities are in production with scheduled delivery in late CY 01. While the cavities are approximately 2 months late from the contract schedule, they are near 1.5 years ahead of schedule for their planned installation.

The major part of the West straight section shielding was completed in the FY 00 shutdown. Final connections to the existing shielding together with the addition of new roof blocks over the entire straight section (required for 500 mA) will take place in the regular FY 01 shutdown. This makes possible the completion of the new RF system enclosure with installation of the new klystron, associated components, and the waveguide system from the klystron to the top of the west straight section shielding.

Work by the Instrumentation and Control group has continued to focus on the detailed specifications and design of the computer control system including the fast digital power supply controller, the BPM processor, the orbit feedback systems, and the machine protection system. Various control modules are in phases of design, fabrication, and testing.

Design of the cable tray system was the dominant activity in the Cable Plant area. The conceptual designs, and many of the details, are well defined. Unresolved issues center on upgrading the East-West elevated cable trays, and integration of cable tray installation into scheduled yearly maintenance periods. Additionally, management of the Cable Plant has shifted to the SLAC Controls Department, with a concomitant increase in the level and expertise of staffing.

As mentioned in previous reports, in order to achieve a final installation schedule of 6 months, many modifications must be done in the normal shutdowns prior to FY 03. In the last 3 months, the engineering and design drawings and specifications have been completed for the shielding modification in the WEST Straight section. The contract for this work will be out for bid in April 2001. Similar work for the EAST Straight section will take place in FY 02. This work is necessary for the shielding required for the higher beam currents of SPEAR 3.

Also, the Accelerator Physics Group has made good progress toward specifying corrector and kicker magnet performance, performing tracking studies, and developing software for orbit control. Efforts have included specifying locations and operational parameters of diagnostic components, and studying mis-steering through matching cell lattice sections. Work has also included girder vibrational modeling, beam dump specifications for radiation protection, and studies of electron beam losses to implement radiation protection.

Work continues on the near term Radiation Physics objectives that will have an effect on this years shutdown, as well as long term goals to comprehensively assess all shielding and design parameters. Ongoing work includes defining what additional shielding may be required for the new "C" shaped dipole magnets and minimum thickness of roof shielding for areas around the ring. A preliminary result (February 2001) indicates that no additional shielding is required for the dipoles and that 12 inches concrete roof shielding is adequate except in special locations which are currently specified for SPEAR 2.

2. Cost Reporting

The total project costs and commitments through March of this quarter are summarized in Table A1. The integrated costs and commitments per month are given in Fig. A1.
 
 

Table A2 provides the project performance data with associated cost and schedule variances at WBS Level 2. Monthly plots of this data for FY 2001 are provided in Figure A2 together with BCWS projections through September 2001.
 
 

1.1 Magnets and Supports

We have designed and received a prototype steel girder for the BM2 portion of the standard cell. This girder will be mounted in an identical fashion as the mounting scheme for the SPEAR3 ring installation. We hope to learn pre-assembly and installation techniques as the magnets are installed and aligned onto the girder over the next quarter. Orders for the production steel girders are expected to go out next quarter.
 

Vibration tests on the prototype Sextupole and Quadrupole indicated that the bottom brackets on both magnets need to increase in stiffness to keep the first frequency above ~15 Hz. New brackets have been designed and fabricated, and subsequent tests have proven the design adequacy for the production magnets. Orders for production support hardware and struts are expected next quarter.

Magnets

All parties signed updated versions of Attachment #1, 2 and 3 in early January 2001. These documents incorporated new delivery dates and payment schedules. Addendum #1 to the ICA, which tracked the current cost changes, was signed along with Attachment #5 for the Horizontal & Vertical (H/V) Corrector production. The H/V Corrector magnets represent the final magnet order through IHEP for the SPEAR3 project. All magnets are scheduled to be complete and delivered to SLAC by June 2002.

Nanyang Li, SPEAR3 magnet engineer, traveled to IHEP to review the production magnets prior to the scheduled shipment to SLAC at the end of February. This visit was highly successful as several items were found and corrected before the magnets were crated and installed into the shipping containers.

The first shipments of production magnets arrived at SLAC on April 2nd and were off loaded in PEP Interaction Region 12. These magnets are in the process of mechanical and electrical checkouts after which they will be sent to magnetic measurements and alignment.

Magnetic measurements

We have completed the magnetic measurements of the three prototype magnets and they have received alignment data established to the fiducial stands that have been welded to the magnet cores. This will be the standard procedure used for the production magnets.

It is anticipated that approximately 20-25% of the production Quadrupoles and Sextupoles will be magnetically measured, while 100% will be fiducialized. For the Gradient Dipole, the fiducialization is incorporated with the magnetic measurement hardware and therefore 100% of these magnets will be measured.

Corrector Magnets

IHEP has sent, and SLAC has reviewed the first set of H/V Corrector detail drawings. IHEP will incorporate the changes and suggestions made by SLAC and final drawings are expected early next quarter. Seventy-five (75) magnets will be fabricated for the SPEAR3 project. The prototype H/V Corrector magnet shipping schedule is August 2001.

1.2 Vacuum System

· Procure replacement copper for the standard girder chamber.

· Procure and fabricate production piece parts and sub-assemblies for the QFC chambers.

· Build tooling to straighten the large BM-1 and BM-2 chambers.

· Establish production workflow and travelers for the standard girder chambers.

· Prepare and layout the vacuum fabrication facility.

· Inspect and destructively test the Beam Position Monitors (BPMs).

· Assemble and develop the weld programs for the BM-2 chamber.

· Develop the SLM mirror design requirements and preliminary optics layout.

· Complete fabrication of prototype BM2 vacuum supports.

· Complete the production Standard Girder Support detail drawings.

· Fabricate the injection kicker prototype magnet/chamber.

QFC Standard and Matching Chambers

The first lot of production QFC chamber halves was delivered ahead of schedule. Six sets of QFC halves were received in February. The plates were inspected and met their design tolerances. During this quarter the matching lattice was modified to use the same lattice as the QFC standard cell. This was a key decision because it enables us to use the same vacuum chamber and supports for both the standard and the matching, thus reducing non-recurring engineering costs. The production order for the QFC piece parts were increased including the machined halves. The remainder of the QFC machined halves for the standard cell, as well as the additional plates for the matching cell will be delivered in the beginning of April ’01.

Significant progress was made on the procurement and fabrication of the QFC piece parts this quarter. All the parts are on order and partial shipments or full shipments have been received.
 
 

Also, production of the H2 absorber piece parts is near completion. All the piece parts except for the GlidCop hot plate are complete including the sub-assembly brazements. Initial manufacturing estimates indicate that the piece parts are ahead of schedule and on budget. The following figures show the machining of the H2 hot plate and some of the completed parts. Production brazing of the absorbers will begin in April.

BM-1 and BM-2 Standard Chambers

The purchase order for the replacement copper was placed in the beginning of January and the first lot of copper was shipped at the end of March on schedule. The plates will reach the machining vendor during the first week of April. The first lot of BM-1 halves is due this summer. Tests to verify that the copper meets our technical needs will be done early next quarter.

Work has continued on completing the first article BM-1 and BM-2 chambers. The cooling bar welds on the BM-2 chamber was completed. A straightening fixture for the long halves with cooling bars was designed and built and the BM-2 halves were straightened and assembled in the box weld tooling. An inspection device was designed and fabricated to measure the profile of the slot. This is the critical dimension for the chamber to prevent high power synchrotron radiation from striking the slot during a beam mis-steer. It is difficult to inspect the profile of the slot once the chamber is assembled, therefore a tool utilizing spherically mounted retroreflectors (SMRs) and a laser tracker was developed. This tool slides through the inside of the chamber and the laser tracker records the location of the SMRs. Initial measurements show that the BM-2 chamber slot assembled and partially tacked in the box weld tooling is within the specified profile tolerance band and the nominal slot height is exactly the design value of 13 mm. Similar results were found for the first two production QFC chambers. Production programming for the tacking and the box weld sequences are underway. The first BM-2 chamber will be complete in the beginning of May. The following figures show the flange end brazement, the H1 absorber and the electron beam weld programming for the BM-2 chamber.
 
 

Manufacturing – Standard Girder Chamber

Significant progress has been made in preparing our vacuum assembly building for production. Two large clean rooms have been reserved for SPEAR3 work and the fabrication of a temporary clean room is underway. This temporary clean room will be an extension of the two large clean rooms and will be used for the clean straightening of the chambers halves. Also, the electron beam welder was successfully used to produce hundreds of chambers for PEP-II, and will be thoroughly cleaned along with some machine maintenance in April.

Also, effort has been put toward the production planning and workflow for the girder chambers. Travelers, data sheets and other documentation for the QFC chambers are being reviewed and modified and will be ready for full production by the beginning of May when the QFC chambers move into the production phase. The production goal is to produce at least one QFC chamber a week completing the standard girder QFC chambers by the end of July ’01.

Also, in late April we will obtain an additional electron beam welder operator, as well as additional programming support. These personnel provide secondary support when required to maintain our production schedule.

Standard Girder Vacuum Supports

The production detail drawings for the BM-1, BM-2 and QFC standard girder vacuum supports were completed this quarter. Preliminary estimates for the production supports were obtained and were within the engineering estimates presented at the final design review. The production order is pending the assembly of the prototype BM-2 girder, as well as the matching chamber design. Also, the prototype BM-2 vacuum chamber supports were completed this quarter.
 
 

Injection System

The injection kicker prototype piece parts arrived this quarter and assembly is near completion. The 1.2 meter long K1/K3 prototype electrical testing will begin in May. Also higher order mode testing is scheduled for June followed by more electrical tests using the production modulators and cables.

A preliminary design review for the septum chamber was held in January and the action items from that review have been addressed. The final design review is pending the final acceptance of the magnet design and manufacturing tests for the chamber. The thin stainless steel inner wall is being prototype to provide manufacturing and tolerance details. Also, studies on the potential of beam loss into the thin inner wall are being studied. Initial physics simulations show that during a beam abort the majority of the beam energy is lost in areas of high dispersion. Therefore, only a small fraction of energy will be lost to the septum. A fixed collimator will be added into the QFC chamber at girder 16 to increase the probability that the energy will be lost at this location.

Diagnostic System

Significant progress was made on the synchrotron light monitor (SLM) this quarter. Many decisions regarding the optics and physics requirements were made. The optics and mechanical layout of the SLM system was completed. Once the major optics requirements were established the primary mirror dimensions were defined. Preliminary drawings of the primary mirror along with its mounting and actuating devices were also completed. A conceptual design review is scheduled for the end of next quarter. Also during the next few months a preliminary polishing specification will be developed to obtain budgetary quotations for the fabrication and polishing of the primary mirror.

1.3 Power Supplies

As reported in the last quarterly report the plan is to use a bulk power supply purchased from industry and 4 PEP II-style modules, built at SSRL, to make a 930 kW dipole magnet power supply.

Each of the 4 PEP II-style modules must provide 600V, 400A, 240 kW of output. Since the last report, the engineering analysis and testing of a PEP II-style chopper module to satisfy SPEAR 3 needs has gone well and met all expectations. The PEP II module has been tested at 600 V and 400 A. All the component voltages, currents and temperatures that have been measured are well within their ratings. It must be pointed out, however, that the 600 V and 400 A goals have not been simultaneously achieved, due to bulk power supply and load limitations. To work around this, the plan is to move the test chopper module to Building 140 at the beginning of the SSRL 2001 summer shutdown. At that time the White Circuit Bias Power Supply will serve as a bulk power supply and the Bias magnets will serve as an inductive 600 V, 400 A load. All indications to date point to a successful full-load test without modification of the module. However, if problems do arise during the test, they will be analyzed and corrected.

After the 600 V, 400 A ratings are successfully demonstrated, all the parts needed to build 4 modules will be released for fabrication. At the present time preparations are being made to purchase parts for the dipole system components that are independent of the power test. Examples are the power supply controllers, module chassis parts, transductors, etc.

Below are some pictures of PEP II chopper equipment that will be replicated for the SPEAR 3 Dipole Power System.
 
 

Dipole Power Transformer

Neeltran has resubmitted the Dipole Power Transformer electrical and mechanical drawings, incorporating SSRL’s previous comments. The drawings were reviewed by interdisciplinary SSRL members and found acceptable. The transformer was released for fabrication and is expected onsite in June 2001.

Large Power Supplies

There are 6 large power supplies needed for SPEAR 3. These are freestanding power supplies with output ratings greater than 35 kW. The power supply service and ratings are tabulated below.
 

Service	Volts	Amperes	Kilowatts	Cooling
SD	600	225	135	Air/water
SF	600	225	135	Air/water
QD	700	100	70	Air
QF	700	100	70	Air
QFC	700	100	70	Air
QFC	700	100	70	Air

A design review for these power systems was held on March 7, 2001. Since then, the review comments have been resolved, the technical specification approved, and a purchase requisition written. The purchase requisition is presently in the approval cycle for issuance of a request for proposal.

Bipolar Power Supplies

Testing of the prototype MCOR30 fast corrector bipolar power supply was successful. A preliminary power supply specification sheet is available, based on test results of the prototype. The bipolar power supplies are now in the pre-production phase. The plan is to build an operational full crate of 8 power supplies by late May. Bids for the final production run and product support will be solicited during the next reporting period.

Pulsed Power Supplies

Kicker Pulsers

A four-stack version of the SPEAR 3 kicker pulser has been built and is now in high voltage testing in the Power Conversion Department (PCD). Below are photos of the prototype, and output current waveforms for a 1250 V charge. Higher charge voltages were not tested because some high voltage arcing was evident from the IGBT driver board to the core assembly. Rounding the corners on the core assembly and having a three-layer board made will correct this problem. In the new driver board, high voltage will be contained within in the middle layer.
 
 

A layout for the electronic enclosure for the modulator core assembly and board has started. PCD will have custom enclosures built that are based on the standard SLAC design, but adjusted slightly for the height of the core assembly.

Design of a prototype trigger interface board is complete.

Several minor changes have been made to the mechanical design of the core assembly, to eliminate a propensity for high voltage arcing, poor connections to the load resistor, and to reduce difficulty in aligning the core stacks. The cases will now be 0.25 inches taller in order to provide additional spacing between the drive boards and corners will be rounded where the high voltage is close. In addition, dowel pins will be added to the cases for easier alignment of the cores. The design of a more rigid connection of the high voltage flange to the resistor load has been completed.
 
 

Until now, all testing has been done using RG-58 cable, which should be good up to about 5 kV. The actual 22.5 W , high voltage cable that will be installed in SPEAR will be sent to the cable shop to be cut to length within the next week.

Precision Power Supply Controllers

The prototype BitBus precision power supply controller shown in the figure below was built for PEP II and was borrowed from the SLAC Power Conversion Department for test of a VME to BitBus adapter purchased by the SSRL Instrumentation and Controls (I & C) Group. I & C have reported initial success in having the adapter communicate with the BitBus precision controller. Upon completion of successful testing, the precision BitBus controllers will be released for fabrication during the next reporting period.
 
 

Magnet Testing

Several dipole and quadrupole magnets have arrived from Beijing. These are being electrically tested as they arrive. For each magnet the tests consist of high potential testing and DC resistance measurements of the main coils, trim windings and Klixon thermostats and B-field polarity measurements at each pole.

1.4 RF System

During a site visit to Accel Instrumentation in Germany in March 2001, progress on the fabrication of 4 RF cavities was checked. A six weeks delay caused by the qualification of the electro-forming process had not been made up and threatened to delay final delivery. By choosing to do some work at an outside sub-contractor, the progress will be speeded up. The sub-contractor was visited and found to be very capable to perform the work. Electro-forming is completed on all four cavities and cavity ports are now being machined at the sub-contractor.

Fabrication of cavity accessories at SLAC like ceramic windows and higher order mode loads is making rapid progress. All twelve high order mode loads are completed. The ceramic windows had a faulty first braze test, indicating a loss of the know-how at an external vendor. A first successful braze was done in house at SLAC. Other components like tuners and coupling network are 95% complete.

Klystron

The 1.2 MW klystron was ordered March 17, 2000 from Marconi Applied Technologies with a 12 months delivery time. The successful acceptance test at Marconi was witnessed March 8, 2001 and the klystron has since arrived at SLAC in good condition.

Low-level RF

The Low-level RF System design modifications are in process at the new Electronics & Software Engineering Department at SLAC.

1.5 Instrumentation and Control Systems

Computer Control System

For computer control of the SPEAR3 main and intermediate power supplies, the communication between a new commercial VME Bitbus interface and the PEP2 Bitbus power supply controller (which will be used for SPEAR3) has been successfully tested.

Some steps to finalize the design of the SPEAR3 corrector supply controls were made. It looks like we are going to be able to use a commercial VME CPU module in each corrector crate and have a serial digital communication between this crate controller and each MCOR30 module. If a commercially available CPU module can be used, the design and production will be simplified. Details will be decided in a review in the second quarter 2001. Also, for the MCOR30 design, several components (ADCs, DACs and multiplexers) have been evaluated and successfully tested and characterized.

Software was written to test and characterize the Echotek digital receiver modules which will be used to process the BPM signal data. Driver software for VxWorks to handle these VME modules is now available.

Beam Monitoring Systems

Definition of Beam Position Monitor (BPM) electronics has focused onto a two-system approach, in order to meet the diverse requirements of closed orbit feedback and faster, first-turn response. High-performance closed orbit feedback electronic modules are commercially available, and proposals are being sought from the vendors. Electronics for faster response continue to be developed within SSRL.

The BPM System and the Machine Protection System (MPS) are closely tied, since button signals are shared by the two systems. A working decision, that the signals be shared at the output of the BPM receiver modules, has been made. The advantage is a reduction of modules, cables, crosstalk, and simplified packaging. This information was presented to the commercial suppliers for technical appraisal. The outcome will strongly affect the system configuration, performance, and equipment layout, which will be decided after a design review in May 2001.

BPM "buttons" were received from the commercial supplier and were tested. Fifty buttons were tested according to the Acceptance Test Procedure, and 96% passed. Four randomly selected buttons are being life cycle tested under extremely adverse conditions.

Digital IF (Intermediate Frequency) modules were received and extensively tested. The full complement, 2 prototypes and 12 production modules, were accepted from the supplier. One prototype is being evaluated in the SPEAR2 BPM system. Performance of the analog-to-digital converter has exceeded expectations. An effort to improve the embedded software in the module for the specific SPEAR3 applications is ongoing.

Quadrupole Modulation System

The design of the Quadrupole Modulation System was assigned to an engineer within the SLAC Power Conversion Group. Management of this project will be shifted from the SPEAR 3 I&C group to the Power Supply group (P. Bellomo) during the next quarter.

Timing System

The PTS DDS-based signal generator that will serve as SPEAR 3 RF master oscillator has been received and partially characterized. It looks like its performance will exceed the requirements for SPEAR 3. Tests are continuing, focusing on remote control functions.

Work on specifying the LO/Clock and Booster-SPEAR Phase-Locked Loop systems has been on hold given that the new engineer assigned to the task has had other higher priority responsibilities. The specification is planned for completion during the next quarter.

Protection Systems

A decision was made to eliminate the Access Control Interlock search areas in the East and West Pit buildings, making those areas accessible when beam is stored in SPEAR The SPEAR 3 Personnel Protection System will only control access to the SPEAR tunnel itself.

A decision was made to use commercial BPM electronics for the Orbit Interlock System. Each BPM button will be sampled at a rate of 10 kHz, and it will take 250 m s for the X and Y output signals to reach 90% of their new value after a beam displacement.

The design of the SPEAR 3 vacuum controls and magnet cooling protection system is in progress.

1.6 Cable Plant

The existing underground cable ducts and covered trench will support Klystron Power Supply cables originating from shelter B514 via a new concrete underground duct bank extension. The decision on the tray OR duct approach became the tray AND duct approach as indicated above.

Within Building 118, supports, which will suspend the trays from overhead have been designed and are pending review and approval by the Earthquake Committee. These supports are required to carry SPEAR3 cable loads and a short LCW run to the water-cooled power supplies. This work can only be done during the summer downtime and we have made the design and bid package one of the highest priorities. The contract package to install trays and/or supports in B118, between East and West Pits and ring outer-wall supports is nearly complete in preparation for the 2001 summer downtime.

Our cable tray support concrete footings and trenching/duct bank concrete work are to be integrated into the overall concrete contract work already planned for the pit areas. By doing so we eliminate potential conflicts and hindrances to other concurrent activities. This work will also be completed during the summer 2001 downtime. Documentation of the cable tray support footings and trench/duct work has been supplied to Brian Choi for inclusion in the main contract.

We have implemented several training meetings to familiarize the engineering and coordination staff in the use of entry methods and requirements for the CAPTAR (Cable Plant Tracking and Reporting) database. One of the primary uses of CAPTAR is report generation. This reporting capability is the one mechanism used at SLAC, in concert with detailed drawings, that enable contractors to bid and install cable plant. The training in CAPTAR also clarifies for the engineering staff what information MUST be known in order to have cabling included in the FY02 installation work.

1.8 Facilities

· Excavation, trenching, fill, sub-grade, preparation and backfill for parking lot, concrete alcove wall foundations and slab.

· Field survey location and verify the footprint of the slab foundations, alcove walls, and key design points as indicated on drawings.

· Demolish and deliver the existing concrete and asphalt to Building 120 parking lot for disposal by the University.

· Provide reinforced concrete slabs, footings and walls.

· Remove and re-locate existing concrete shielding blocks as indicated on drawings. This work includes removing all the existing seismic anchorages.

· Detail, fabricate, deliver shielding blocks, off load at the delivery site and install in accordance with this specification and subcontract drawings.

· Furnish and install all seismic anchorage as specified on drawings.

· Reinstall supporting members, siding, and install new flashing over new roof shielding blocks.

1.9 Installation

The time duration goal for this final installation period is six months. Some 38 pages of schedule details were provided for the July 2000 Lehman review without full optimization for multishift or weekend operation. This will be addressed after we are assured that all activities are defined and included.

The Installation Schedule is now undergoing updates and revisions. Line-by-line review has taken place in the recent few weeks with the intent of identifying areas where the overall project duration might be reduced. We have had a detailed look at resource loading and no surprises have surfaced. Current activities include the incorporation of schedule revisions resulting from recent changes in sub-systems design and installation logistics.

2.1 Accelerator Physics

In the second quarter of FY2001, the accelerator physics group generated beam loss estimates in SPEAR 3 for the radiation physics department, developed Channel Access software for communication between application programs and the on-line database, refined electron beam mis-steering specifications and began developing detailed specifications for the synchrotron light monitor.

Radiation Physics

SSRL radiation physics document ' Electron Beam Loss Estimates for SPEAR 3' (1997) was extensively revised to reflect Injector upgrades and engineering details for SPEAR 3. Two of the main changes were to increase the injection beam power from 2 W to 4 W and introduce a fixed collimator to intercept much of the electron beam power load in the SPEAR tunnel (see 'Fixed Collimator' below). The revised document, (SSRL-ENG-NOTE 371M), was reviewed by the SLAC Radiation Safety Committee with minor revisions suggested. In particular, the power load estimate on the fixed collimator was increased from 50% to 100% of total accumulated charge to increase shielding requirements. The shielding philosophy at SLAC is 'ALARA' (As-Low-As-Reasonably-Achievable). The anticipated pattern of electron beam loss through the SSRL accelerator chain and within the SPEAR 3 tunnel is shown in the following two figures.

Fixed Collimator for Radiation Protection

In the last reporting period we introduced a 'leading edge' mask in the RF straight section to protect the injection septum from stray charge lost during injection. Further analysis of particle loss showed the need for a second fixed collimator at a location of high dispersion, in particular, high non-linear dispersion. The energy collimator will be located in the QFC chamber of Cell 16 with an inside radius of –30 mm. The collimator will intercept particles lost from the 'RF bucket' which tend to spiral inward to the center of the ring at high dispersion points. As the particle energy deviation exceeds 4-5%, the dispersion becomes a non-linear function of energy and peaks at eight locations throughout the storage ring. One of these locations, Cell 16, has been chosen as a location for the fixed collimator mask. In this capacity, the mask is expected to intercept up to 100% of the 1.2 kJ electron beam during RF beam abort at 500 mA/3GeV and most of the beam lost to Touschek or inelestic scattering. Cell 16 is also an optimum location since the concrete shielding is up to 4 ft thick, user occupancy is minimum, and the priority for future beam lines is low.

Energy Acceptance Calculations

Analytical calculations were made for physical aperture, rf aperture, and dynamic aperture as a function of energy deviation (after D. Robin, et al, Arcidosso, 1998). Induced betatron induced amplitudes following a Touschek event can be shown on the same plot. The intercept of induced-amplitude with limiting apertures (physical, dynamic) indicates the energy aperture. For 3.2 MV rf, the bucket size is ~3% at 3 GeV (see figure). The energy-dependent dynamic aperture curve also intercepts the induced-amplitude curve at about 3% for linear optics. An aperture reduction of about 20% occurs for non-linear optics (off-energy optical functions and dispersion orbit). Based on these data, the intercept of induced betatron amplitude with an aperture introduced by the fixed QFC collimator located at 30 mm is on the order of delta=3.5%.

Accelerator Simulator

The Accelerator Toolbox (AT) software has been released to the accelerator physics community and is now in use or being evaluated for use at CAMD, LBL, SLAC, SRC, SSRL and the SNS. The software was also used to teach particle-transport 'mapping' techniques at the USPAS accelerator school in Austin, Tx this quarter. A 37 page report 'Accelerator Toolbox for MATLAB' (SLAC-PUB-8732) was issued to document the code. To fully improve communication between AT and the SPEAR 3 control computer, the 'Simple Channel Access' software (SCA) adopted from LBL was replaced with a direct 'Channel Access' (CA) connection. The new software eliminates the SCA layer of code between the user and CA (direct CA calls now), and fulfills an important need for SSRL and other laboratories using both MATLAB and the EPICS control system.

Application Programs

The ORBIT application program continued to undergo on-line testing which resulted in both code interface and underlying code modifications. In particular, ability to measure corrector-to-electron BPM and corrector-to-photon BPM responses was added and tested on SPEAR 2. Several eight-hour orbit feedback tests were made using the measured response matrix to demonstrate code stability. The graphical user interface was also changed to permit 'slider' control of orbit corrections, add help facilities and improve user interactions. The new version of database access routines using direct Channel Access calls will be installed and tested in coming months.

Electron Beam Mis-Steering

Analysis was carried out to evaluate electron beam mis-steering from dipole magnets with orbit interlocks active. Referring to SSRL Engineering Note M344, the maximum vertical mis-steering amplitude in dipoles with interlocks on is 26 mm-mrad. With interlocks on, the global orbit distortion has an emittance amplitude limit of 1.15 mm-mrad (limited by a 2.45 mm x 0.49 mrad trip level in the ID interlocks). Computing the mis-steer amplitude with a local orbit distortion amplitude of 4.84 mm-mrad and a global amplitude of 1.15 mm-mrad with interlocks on, the net mis-steer limit is 11 mm-mrad. In order to protect sensitive vacuum chamber components, masking must be provided to intercept vertically mis-steered electron beam in the dipoles to 11 mm-mrad.

Synchrotron Light Monitor

A concrete drilling company was contacted to comment on the feasibility of drilling a SLM radiation exit port through the shielding wall. The company reported no fundamental problems but the exit port must go between rebar tie points to maintain structural integrity of the wall.

With the help of photon beam line engineers, the preliminary front-end optics for the SLM has been designed. Exiting from magnet 15BM2, the radiation will pass through the 15S16 insertion device exit port. A 'cold finger' (cooled copper bar) will intercept +/- 0.6 mrad vertical radiation from the core of the beam to reduce total beam power. The total vertical aperture will be +/- 3.0-3.5 mrad and the horizontal aperture will be on the order of +/- 3.0 mrad. The M0 (first) mirror will be Si substrate to utilize the low thermal expansion coefficient. Depending on the exact photon beam energy range of interest (~200 nm) and reflectivities of each polarization, a metallic surface coat may be required. 200 nm is desirable because off-the-shelf optical components are available. The final m0 incidence angle still needs to be specified.

A study of a reflective-optics (Schwarzchild mirror) configuration for magnification and propagation into the SLM diagnostics room has begun with design code Zemax. The optics code produces simulated images to indicate effects of spherical aberrations. Diffraction effects due to the cold finger shadow will be investigated. The beam source is 182 x 51 micron with 5 mrad curvature, 39 mm length and 98 micron sagitta. With the Schwarzchild mirror configuration, the beam can be imaged directly onto the CCD camera, and a splitter can be used to extract beam for streak camera applications.