A. Single-shot spectrometers for parallel beams of hard or soft x-rays.
The extremely narrow, parallel-beam nature of FEL pulses (and to a slightly
lesser extent, of the spontaneous radiation produced by FELs) makes it
difficult to broadly disperse this radiation in order to create a
high-resolution single-shot spectrometer. Yet such a device will be highly
valuable for FEL commissioning and diagnostics. The challenge is to propose
a concept for an FEL spectrometer (for either hard or soft x-rays), and to
analyze its potential in terms of spectral range, spectral resolution,
sensitivity, and ease of alignment and calibration.
B. A transparent single-shot monitor for FEL beams. FEL experiments (and
possibly FEL accelerator feedback mechanisms) will rely heavily on the
ability to monitor several aspects of each FEL pulse. These aspects include
pulse intensity, pulse shape, pulse centroid position, and pulse intensity
distribution. For the FEL experiments, this monitor must also transmit
nearly all of the FEL pulse without distortion. The challenge is to propose
a technique for monitoring one or more of the FEL pulse aspects in a
transparent way, and to consider the range of applicability of this
technique in terms of dynamic range, resolution, stability, and ease of
alignment.
C. X-ray pulse length measurement techniques. FEL experiments and
diagnostics will require single-shot, femtosecond-resolution measurements of
the FEL pulse lengths. The challenge is to propose a technique for doing
this (for either hard or soft x-rays), and to consider the range of
applicability of this technique in terms of dynamic range, resolution,
stability, and ease of alignment.
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