Archive-Date: Wed, 01 Sep 1999 05:39:05 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Wed, 01 Sep 1999 08:35:25 -0400 From: "Hanny D. Budnick" <74031.77-AT- compuserve.com> Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Email address, please.. To: Blind.Copy.Receiver-AT- compuserve.com Message-ID: <199909010838_MC2-8325-26D8-AT- compuserve.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT I tried to reach John Ramsay by email, but apparently have a wrong address. Does anyone on this list have a current one for John? Please email me. Thanks in advance _-AT- _ {)/' /\ /\_._,<_/ ' \ /_\ /> /< Hanny Budnick ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Wed, 01 Sep 1999 09:50:07 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Wed, 01 Sep 1999 11:49:48 -0500 (CDT) From: Jonathan Sivier Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Email address, please.. To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <199909011649.LAA19742-AT- staff1.cso.uiuc.edu> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Hanny, John and Berni changed their address not too long ago. Of course they might have changed it again, but the address that I have is johnberni-AT- postnet.com I hope this is helpful. Jonathan ------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Jonathan Sivier |Q: How many angels can dance on the | | j-sivier-AT- uiuc.edu | head of a pin? | | Flight Simulation Lab |A: It depends on what dance you call. | | Beckman Institute | | | 405 N. Mathews | SWMDG - Single White Male | | Urbana, IL 61801 | Dance Gypsy | | Work: 217/244-1923 | | | Home: 217/359-8225 | Have shoes, will dance. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Home page URL: http://www.uiuc.edu/ph/www/j-sivier | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Wed, 01 Sep 1999 16:32:51 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Wed, 01 Sep 1999 19:32:36 -0400 (EDT) From: S2LINEN-AT- aol.com Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Email address, please.. To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT please consider others privacy please do not give out over this site others addresses, email addresses phone# etc. please mail that specific info directly to that person ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Wed, 01 Sep 1999 16:49:17 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Wed, 01 Sep 1999 19:46:36 -0400 From: Michael and Caryn White Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Email address, please.. To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <005501bef4d4$3b9ad700$bc9585cd-AT- whites> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Here's what I have. johnberni-AT- postnet.com Mike -----Original Message----- From: Hanny D. Budnick <74031.77-AT- compuserve.com> To: Blind.Copy.Receiver-AT- compuserve.com Date: Wednesday, September 01, 1999 8:36 AM Subject: Email address, please.. I tried to reach John Ramsay by email, but apparently have a wrong address. Does anyone on this list have a current one for John? Please email me. Thanks in advance _-AT- _ {)/' /\ /\_._,<_/ ' \ /_\ /> /< Hanny Budnick ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Thu, 02 Sep 1999 07:58:34 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Thu, 02 Sep 1999 10:56:33 -0400 From: "Hanny D. Budnick" <74031.77-AT- compuserve.com> Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Email address, please.. To: Blind.Copy.Receiver-AT- compuserve.com Message-ID: <199909021058_MC2-8346-E3B0-AT- compuserve.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Thanks to Jonathan and Mike for the prompt information! To "S2LINEN-AT- aol.com" I'd like to say that this is not a chatroom where handles are necessary! Most of us are not reluctant to put our REAL name to our conversations, and, of course, our email address as part of our messages makes a direct contact between list members possible. What are you worried about? Hanny ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Thu, 02 Sep 1999 12:49:27 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Return-Path: garyir-AT- email.msn.com Date: Thu, 02 Sep 1999 11:49:17 -0800 From: gary irwin Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Email address, please.. To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <000801bef57c$3ecb1900$47daffd0-AT- default> Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT -----Original Message----- From: Hanny D. Budnick <74031.77-AT- compuserve.com> To: Blind.Copy.Receiver-AT- compuserve.com Date: Thursday, September 02, 1999 7:00 AM Subject: Email address, please.. Thanks to Jonathan and Mike for the prompt information! To "S2LINEN-AT- aol.com" I'd like to say that this is not a chatroom where handles are necessary! Most of us are not reluctant to put our REAL name to our conversations, and, of course, our email address as part of our messages makes a direct contact between list members possible. What are you worried about? Hanny i have no idea what this is about, care to enlighten me? ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Fri, 03 Sep 1999 00:07:20 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Fri, 03 Sep 1999 00:11:45 -0700 From: Heyer Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: The Netherlands? To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <01bef5db$94c78820$3feaadce-AT- default> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT There's something that I've had a question about for a while, and I'll bet there are people here who can tell me the answer. There seems to be quite a lot of English country dancing in the Netherlands and/or Belgium, and I'm wondering why. Is it the result of one or two enthusiasts who dragged the Dutch willy-nilly into the form, or is there some historical connection between England and the Netherlands that led to a tradition of ECD in the latter country? On the other hand, maybe I'm mistaken and there really isn't that much ECD there. I just find it striking that there are posts to this list from (as far as I can tell) no other European country. Hoping that it's OK to turn this into Random Question Hour, Marian Phillips ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Fri, 03 Sep 1999 06:11:05 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Fri, 03 Sep 1999 09:10:43 -0400 From: "Emily L. Ferguson" Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Gerry Armstrong To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Found this on another list. I thought some of you might know these folks and might like to know about this. Hi friends - I know this news will touch and sadden many of you - a wonderful woman who gave Chicago folk a lot of its "soul" - K/* FOLK SINGER LEFT A LASTING MELODY IN MANY HEARTS September 2, 1999 The tune "Gay Gordons" changed Marjorie Ann "Gerry" Breen's life on a hot June night in 1952. She was an aspiring 22-year-old Chicago folk singer and had been invited to appear on a live performance program on radio station WFMT, then a very obscure FM station that broadcast a hodgepodge of programs from studios in a West Side hotel. Among the other performers that night was George Armstrong, 25, a bagpiper who she later said struck her as a "glamorous creature." She was looking for an excuse to speak to him, and found it when at last he played something she recognized--"Gay Gordons." She said to him, "I know the dance that goes with that tune. Do you?" He did. Armstrong put down his bagpipes, and, with both of them humming, they danced Gay Gordons up and down the hotel hallway. Less than two years later they were married. And so began what many call "the first family of Chicago folk," a partnership that both nurtured and produced traditional music for four decades until George Armstrong's death in 1993. Gerry Armstrong had a voice "of soaring purity," remembered Studs Terkel, who often emceed shows in which she sang. "If you needed to cast someone to sing the role of the Virgin Mary, it would have to be Gerry," he said. The Armstrongs were never big box office nor did they sell millions of records or write famous songs. Instead they collected, performed and recorded the best of the old material and helped prevent the local scene from straying too far from its roots during folk's commercial boomlet in the late 1950s and early 60s. "They were the keepers of the flame, the folk conscience of Chicago," said former WFMT program director and folk-music host Norm Pellegrini, who engineered their early recordings. These recordings include a 1961 album titled "Simple Gifts," from a Shaker hymn that became their signature song. They performed at the opening of the Old Town School of Folk Music in 1957 and guided the booking for the first University of Chicago Folk Festival in 1961--two institutions that also guarded tradition. Gerry added storytelling to her performance repertoire and published several storybooks for which George, an illustrator by trade, did the artwork. "(Folk) was just sort of a hobby that gradually consumed our lives " Gerry told local folklorist Paul Tyler in a 1990 interview, the tape of which is punctuated frequently by her merry laugh. "Their house (in Wilmette) was always full of music," said veteran singer Art Thieme. "They were a real inspiration." Several hundred of those who were inspired or otherwise touched by Gerry Armstrong turned out Wednesday afternoon to say goodbye to her in a "ceremony of joy" at what her daughter Rebecca Armstrong said was her mother's "favorite spot on this green earth," the beach at Gillson Park in Wilmette. Armstrong, 69, died Sunday afternoon at home after a three-month illness. The family has tentative plans for a public memorial concert on Sunday, Oct. 31, at the Lake Street Church in Evanston. She died "her face aglow with triumphant passion," according to a poem written Monday and read at Wednesday's service by Maureen Flannery, a friend who attended the all-night singing party that followed Armstrong's death. Armstrong's other daughter, Jennifer, a professional folk singer now based in Boston, sang an emotional tribute. So did Jennifer's grown daughters--Susannah and Georgia Rose--who have recently released their own CD, a recording that demonstrates the Armstrong family tradition is in no danger of fading away. In the end, the gathering sent Gerry Armstrong off on the same note on which she came in, figuratively speaking. On a hot September afternoon in 1999, Jennifer Armstrong picked up the bagpipes and, just as her late father had 47 years earlier, began to play "Gay Gordons." And as she played the song that started it all, she began to march. The procession followed her several hundred yards out to a pier that juts into Lake Michigan. Rebecca Armstrong stood on a high rock and faced everyone. "A blessing on all of you and on my mother's spirit," she said, casting a flower into the waves. "May it sing on throughout eternity." Then she, and everyone else, began to sing. Emily L. Ferguson - Cape Cod, Massachusetts elf-AT- cape.com Photographer, English Country Dance leader Small brave carnivores Kill pine cones and mosquitoes. Fear vacuum cleaner. from "Kitty Haiku" ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Fri, 03 Sep 1999 06:37:24 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Fri, 03 Sep 1999 09:35:39 -0400 From: Sharon A McKinley Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Gerry Armstrong To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT emily; never heard of her, but it had me in tears anyway. we should all touch as many people as she did! sharon >>> "Emily L. Ferguson" 09/03 9:10 AM >>> Found this on another list. I thought some of you might know these folks and might like to know about this. Hi friends - I know this news will touch and sadden many of you - a wonderful woman who gave Chicago folk a lot of its "soul" - K/* FOLK SINGER LEFT A LASTING MELODY IN MANY HEARTS September 2, 1999 The tune "Gay Gordons" changed Marjorie Ann "Gerry" Breen's life on a hot June night in 1952. She was an aspiring 22-year-old Chicago folk singer and had been invited to appear on a live performance program on radio station WFMT, then a very obscure FM station that broadcast a hodgepodge of programs from studios in a West Side hotel. Among the other performers that night was George Armstrong, 25, a bagpiper who she later said struck her as a "glamorous creature." She was looking for an excuse to speak to him, and found it when at last he played something she recognized--"Gay Gordons." She said to him, "I know the dance that goes with that tune. Do you?" He did. Armstrong put down his bagpipes, and, with both of them humming, they danced Gay Gordons up and down the hotel hallway. Less than two years later they were married. And so began what many call "the first family of Chicago folk," a partnership that both nurtured and produced traditional music for four decades until George Armstrong's death in 1993. Gerry Armstrong had a voice "of soaring purity," remembered Studs Terkel, who often emceed shows in which she sang. "If you needed to cast someone to sing the role of the Virgin Mary, it would have to be Gerry," he said. The Armstrongs were never big box office nor did they sell millions of records or write famous songs. Instead they collected, performed and recorded the best of the old material and helped prevent the local scene from straying too far from its roots during folk's commercial boomlet in the late 1950s and early 60s. "They were the keepers of the flame, the folk conscience of Chicago," said former WFMT program director and folk-music host Norm Pellegrini, who engineered their early recordings. These recordings include a 1961 album titled "Simple Gifts," from a Shaker hymn that became their signature song. They performed at the opening of the Old Town School of Folk Music in 1957 and guided the booking for the first University of Chicago Folk Festival in 1961--two institutions that also guarded tradition. Gerry added storytelling to her performance repertoire and published several storybooks for which George, an illustrator by trade, did the artwork. "(Folk) was just sort of a hobby that gradually consumed our lives " Gerry told local folklorist Paul Tyler in a 1990 interview, the tape of which is punctuated frequently by her merry laugh. "Their house (in Wilmette) was always full of music," said veteran singer Art Thieme. "They were a real inspiration." Several hundred of those who were inspired or otherwise touched by Gerry Armstrong turned out Wednesday afternoon to say goodbye to her in a "ceremony of joy" at what her daughter Rebecca Armstrong said was her mother's "favorite spot on this green earth," the beach at Gillson Park in Wilmette. Armstrong, 69, died Sunday afternoon at home after a three-month illness. The family has tentative plans for a public memorial concert on Sunday, Oct. 31, at the Lake Street Church in Evanston. She died "her face aglow with triumphant passion," according to a poem written Monday and read at Wednesday's service by Maureen Flannery, a friend who attended the all-night singing party that followed Armstrong's death. Armstrong's other daughter, Jennifer, a professional folk singer now based in Boston, sang an emotional tribute. So did Jennifer's grown daughters--Susannah and Georgia Rose--who have recently released their own CD, a recording that demonstrates the Armstrong family tradition is in no danger of fading away. In the end, the gathering sent Gerry Armstrong off on the same note on which she came in, figuratively speaking. On a hot September afternoon in 1999, Jennifer Armstrong picked up the bagpipes and, just as her late father had 47 years earlier, began to play "Gay Gordons." And as she played the song that started it all, she began to march. The procession followed her several hundred yards out to a pier that juts into Lake Michigan. Rebecca Armstrong stood on a high rock and faced everyone. "A blessing on all of you and on my mother's spirit," she said, casting a flower into the waves. "May it sing on throughout eternity." Then she, and everyone else, began to sing. Emily L. Ferguson - Cape Cod, Massachusetts elf-AT- cape.com Photographer, English Country Dance leader Small brave carnivores Kill pine cones and mosquitoes. Fear vacuum cleaner. from "Kitty Haiku" ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Fri, 03 Sep 1999 09:03:01 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Fri, 03 Sep 1999 12:01:23 -0400 From: Benjamin Stein Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Gerry Armstrong To: "INTERNET:ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.Stanford.EDU" Message-ID: <199909031202_MC2-837A-962E-AT- compuserve.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Thanks to Emily Ferguson for the information about Gerry Armstrong. I had heard of her illness recently from old friends Sandy and Caroline Paton, owners of Folk Legacy records, who recorded the 1961 Album. Though I have played the album (as well as the Golden Ring Album on which the Armstrongs also appear) many times I only had the pleasure of hearing them(and meeting them) in person once. To any and all who knew the family-please pass on my sympathy. I am saddened by the loss. Ben Stein ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Fri, 03 Sep 1999 23:37:48 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Fri, 03 Sep 1999 23:41:33 -0700 From: Heyer Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Welsh Country Dance in SF Bay Area? To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <01bef6a0$87312de0$LocalHost-AT- default> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Is there anyone who teaches Welsh country dancing in the Bay Area? While nosing around in the archive I found a discussion of Welsh dancing, but it looked like the teachers were on the East Coast. Marian Phillips San Francisco ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sat, 04 Sep 1999 14:26:39 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sat, 04 Sep 1999 14:26:57 -0700 (PDT) From: Lyrl Ahern Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Email address, please.. To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <19990904212657.15438.rocketmail-AT- send205.yahoomail.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT --- "Hanny D. Budnick" <74031.77-AT- compuserve.com> wrote: > Thanks to Jonathan and Mike for the prompt information! > To "S2LINEN-AT- aol.com" I'd like to say that this is not a chatroom > where > handles are necessary! Most of us are not reluctant to put our REAL > name to > our conversations, and, of course, our email address as part of our > messages makes a direct contact between list members possible. What > are you > worried about? > > Hanny Not only is this a list by subscription, not a chatroom--but many of us are friends. The elusive S2LINEN has made me think: I can put a face with probably 2/3 of the contributers to the list during the year I've been on it. Many of them I have met at Pinewoods. Just got back from English week there a few hours ago. It was a great week. Program Director Gene Murrow added pre-Playford to the program, with Dorrie Olsen teaching. Fried Herman was there, and Gene added his own magic to the two classes I took from him. A great find for the staff was Bob Archer, an energetic young Englishman, who brought a lot of different and less "Playford-ish" material to us. His "Archer's Targets" focused for 2 classes on dances in odd formations for odd numbers of dancers, frequently not-partnered. That Australian dance for 9 called "The Prime Minister" was a big hit. Frank Attanasio, who is in charge of the weather, did a great job--it was cool. It was great to see friends from around the country. Lyrl __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Bid and sell for free at http://auctions.yahoo.com ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sun, 05 Sep 1999 07:20:49 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sun, 05 Sep 1999 10:11:04 -0400 From: Mary Beth Goodman Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Back from Pinewoods To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT I second Lyrl's account of our week at Pinewoods - nice folks, good weather and good dancing all around. I took a rather laid back approach to the week taking only two classes and doing some sewing, but enjoyed myself pretty well! Interesting mix of old (pre-Playford) and new dances, callers and non-ECD on the program, and if all else failed there was always your choice of ponds for a dip. Thanks to Bob Archer for the wonderful rants and energetic dances during the week - a pleasure to meet you in person too. When I'm a little more recovered and unpacked, I've got a few topics for discussion here about English Country Dance. In the meantime, a few of you at camp said you were working on your Top 50 list so get to it! Gene - would it be possible to share the results of the balloting that resulted in Thursday and Friday night dances here? I'd be curious to hear the full range of dances that were suggested, although I was so happy that Morpeth got danced I didn't really care about the rest. Oh all right - yes it was good that Nonesuch and Fandango got done too - what's a week without Nonesuch? ;-) Mary Beth <-- feet UP ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sun, 05 Sep 1999 09:31:39 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sat, 04 Sep 1999 11:42:13 +0200 From: M Sheffield Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Welsh Country Dance in SF Bay Area? To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <3.0.5.32.19990904114213.007ae930-AT- pop.wanadoo.fr> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT At 23:41 03/09/99 -0700, you wrote: >Is there anyone who teaches Welsh country dancing in the Bay Area? Sorry, this is not an answer to your question, as I'm on the other side of the Atlantic. I recently came across a CD of Welsh country dancing music with instructions. Until then, I had no idea such a thing even existed. Now that I have listened to the recording and looked at the figures, I fail to see any difference between Wcd and Ecd. Obviously, there must be subtle differences in the style that did not transpire through the writen word. Must one be able to read also the instructions in Welsh to be able to find the real flavour of these dances? I'd very much like to be enlightened, should any of you know the answer, if such information is possible over the ether. Martin, in Grenoble, France. --- http://perso.wanadoo.fr/scots.in.france/ (dancing, dances, cycling ...) ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sun, 05 Sep 1999 11:18:05 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sun, 05 Sep 1999 14:16:25 -0400 From: Gene Murrow Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: ECD musicians To: "INTERNET:ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.Stanford.EDU" Message-ID: <199909051416_MC2-83A8-A12C-AT- compuserve.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: MULTIPART/MIXED; BOUNDARY="Boundary_(ID_x5v3ZjSbg+qoz6XN8qqNrg)" This is a MIME-encapsulated message --Boundary_(ID_x5v3ZjSbg+qoz6XN8qqNrg) Content-type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-disposition: inline Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Hi John, I'm attaching, as a Microsoft Word document, the chapter from my book "English Dance Leadership Training in Music" dealing with "working with musicians." Perhaps you'll find it useful for your Toronto project! Hope you and Anne are well.. we all just returned from English Week at Pinewoods. Good time, though we all missed Peter Redgate. Best wishes, Gene --Boundary_(ID_x5v3ZjSbg+qoz6XN8qqNrg) Content-type: application/octet-stream; name=Chap5.doc Content-disposition: attachment; FILENAME=Chap5.doc Content-transfer-encoding: BASE64 0M8R4KGxGuEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPgADAP7/CQAGAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABAAAA ZQAAAAAAAAAAEAAAZwAAAAEAAAD+////AAAAAGQAAAD///////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ///////////////////////////////////////////spcEARwAJBAAAABK/AAAA AAAAEAAAAAAABAAAkD4AAA4AYmpiao7ZjtkAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAJBBYA MJIAAOyzAQDsswEAUToAAAAAAAA+AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD//w8A AAAAAAAAAAD//w8AAAAAAAAAAAD//w8AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAF0AAAAAAHQB AAAAAAAAdAEAAHQBAAAAAAAAdAEAAAAAAAB0AQAAAAAAAHQBAAAAAAAAdAEAABQA AAAAAAAAAAAAAIgBAAAAAAAAiAEAAAAAAACIAQAAAAAAAIgBAAA4AAAAwAEAAAwA AADMAQAARAAAAIgBAAAAAAAALg8AAPAAAAAsAgAAAAAAACwCAAAAAAAALAIAAAAA AAAsAgAAAAAAACwCAAAAAAAALAIAAAAAAAAsAgAAAAAAACwCAAAAAAAAFQgAAAIA AAAXCAAAAAAAABcIAAAAAAAAFwgAAEYAAABdCAAATAMAAKkLAABMAwAA9Q4AACQA AAAeEAAA9AEAABISAADoAAAAGQ8AABUAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAdAEAAAAA AAAsAgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAsAgAAAAAAACwCAAAAAAAALAIAAAAA AAAsAgAAAAAAABkPAAAAAAAAfAUAAAAAAAB0AQAAAAAAAHQBAAAAAAAALAIAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAACwCAAAAAAAALAIAAAAAAAB8BQAAAAAAAHwFAAAAAAAAfAUAAAAA AAAsAgAANgEAAHQBAAAAAAAALAIAAAAAAAB0AQAAAAAAACwCAAAAAAAAFQgAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAiAEAAAAAAACIAQAAAAAAAHQBAAAAAAAAdAEAAAAA AAB0AQAAAAAAAHQBAAAAAAAALAIAAAAAAAAVCAAAAAAAAHwFAAAAAgAAfAUAAAAA AAB8BwAAHgAAALoHAABTAAAAdAEAAAAAAAB0AQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAFQgAAAAA AAAsAgAAAAAAABACAAAcAAAAAIKC5kkavgGIAQAAAAAAAIgBAAAAAAAAYgMAABoC AAANCAAACAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA NS4gV29ya2luZyB3aXRoIE11c2ljaWFucyAvIFBsYW5uaW5nIGEgUHJvZ3JhbQ0N Qm9va2luZyBFbmdhZ2VtZW50cw0NR29vZCBtdXNpYyBmb3IgeW91ciBkYW5jZSBz dGFydHMgd2l0aCBnb29kIG11c2ljaWFucy4gIEhlcmUgYXJlIHNvbWUgdGhvdWdo dHMgY29sbGVjdGVkIG92ZXIgdGhlIHllYXJzIHRoYXQgY2FuIGd1aWRlIHlvdSBp biBzZWN1cmluZyB0aGUga2luZCBvZiBiYW5kIHRoYXQgd2lsbCBtYWtlIHlvdXIg YmFsbHMgYW5kIHBhcnRpZXMgcGxlYXNhbnRseSBtZW1vcmFibGUuDQ1Cb29rIHdl bGwgaW4gYWR2YW5jZS4gIFRoZSBtb3N0IHBvcHVsYXIgbXVzaWNpYW5zIGFyZSBi b29raW5nIDggLSAxMiBtb250aHMgYWhlYWQuDQ1Db25zaWRlciB3aG+ScyBwbGF5 aW5nIHdpdGggd2hvbSBpZiBpdJJzIG5vdCBhIHJlZ3VsYXIgYmFuZC4gIFRoZSBv cHBvcnR1bml0eSB0byBnZXQgdG9nZXRoZXIgd2l0aCBvdGhlcnMgd2hvbSBhIG11 c2ljaWFuIGNvbnNpZGVycyBzdGltdWxhdGluZyB0byBwbGF5IHdpdGggaXMgYXMg bXVjaCwgaWYgbm90IG1vcmUsIG9mIGFuIGluY2VudGl2ZSB0aGFuIHRoZSAodXN1 YWxseSBwYWx0cnkpIGZpbmFuY2lhbCBjb21wZW5zYXRpb24uICBQbGF5aW5nIGlu IGEgYmFuZCB3aXRoIG90aGVyIGdvb2QgbXVzaWNpYW5zIGlzIGxpa2UgZGFuY2lu ZyBpbiBhIHNldCB3aXRoIGFsbCBnb29kIGRhbmNlcnMgKGFuZCBwbGF5aW5nIHdp dGggd2VhayBtdXNpY2lhbnMgaXMgbGlrZSBkYW5jaW5nIGluIGEgc2V0IHdpdGgg cG9vciBkYW5jZXJzKS4gIEFtb25nIGV2ZW4gdGhlIGJlc3QgbXVzaWNpYW5zLCBo b3dldmVyLCB0aGUgk2NoZW1pc3RyeZQgIGlzIG5vdCBhbHdheXMgcmlnaHQsIGFu ZCB5b3WSbGwgaGF2ZSBkaXNhcHBvaW50aW5nIHJlc3VsdHMuICBUaGUgbW9zdCB0 YWN0ZnVsIHdheSB0byBuZWdvdGlhdGUgYWxsIG9mIHRoaXMgKGFzc3VtaW5nIHlv dZJyZSBub3QgaGlyaW5nIGEgcmVndWxhciBiYW5kKSwgaXMgdG86DQ1UaGluayBv ZiBhbiBpbmRpdmlkdWFsIHdob3NlIHBsYXlpbmcgeW91IHJlYWxseSBlbmpveQ0N QXNrIHRoYXQgaW5kaXZpZHVhbCBpZiBzaGUgaXMgYXZhaWxhYmxlIGZvciB5b3Vy IGV2ZW50ICANDUlmIHNvLCBhc2sgaGVyIHRvIHN1Z2dlc3Qgb3RoZXJzIHdpdGgg d2hvbSBzaGUgbGlrZXMgdG8gcGxheS4gIFlvdSBjYW4gdGhlbiBlaXRoZXIgY2Fs bCB0aGVzZSBvdGhlciBwZW9wbGUgeW91cnNlbGYsIG9yIGFzayB0aGUgZmlyc3Qg aW5kaXZpZHVhbCBpZiBzaGWSZCBsaWtlIHRvIJNoaXJlIHRoZSBiYW5kLpQgIFRo aXMgaXMgYSB0aW1lIGhvbm9yZWQgcHJhY3RpY2UgaW4gdGhlIG11c2ljIGJ1c2lu ZXNzLCBjYWxsZWQgk2NvbnRyYWN0aW5nLpQgDQ1JZiB5b3UgZW5nYWdlIGVhY2gg cGVyc29uIGluZGl2aWR1YWxseSwgeW91IG5lZ290aWF0ZSB3aXRoIGFuZCBwYXkg ZWFjaCBwZXJzb24gaW5kaXZpZHVhbGx5LiAgSWYgeW91IGFzayBzb21lb25lIHRv IGJlIHRoZSBjb250cmFjdG9yLCB5b3UgcGF5IHRoZSBsdW1wIHN1bSBmb3IgdGhl IG11c2ljIHRvIHRoZSBjb250cmFjdG9yLCBhbmQgbGV0IGhlciBuZWdvdGlhdGUg d2l0aCB0aGUgb3RoZXIgaW5kaXZpZHVhbHMgYW5kIG1ha2UgdGhlIGRpc3RyaWJ1 dGlvbi4gIEl0knMgY29tbW9uICh0aG91Z2ggbm90IHVuaXZlcnNhbCkgZm9yIHRo ZSBjb250cmFjdG9yIHRvIGtlZXAgYSBsYXJnZXIgc2hhcmUuICBEb26SdCBjb25m dXNlIHRoaW5ncyBvciBwb3NzaWJseSBlbWJhcnJhc3MgdGhlIGNvbnRyYWN0b3Ig Ynkgc3RhdGluZyBmZWVzIHRvIHRoZSBvdGhlcnMuDQ1CZSBjbGVhciBhbmQgZGVm aW5pdGUgYWJvdXQgdGhlIGZlZS4gIE9mIGNvdXJzZSBmZWVzIHZhcnkgZ3JlYXRs eSwgZGVwZW5kaW5nIG9uIHRoZSB0eXBlIG9mIGV2ZW50LCB0aGUgbnVtYmVyIG9m IG11c2ljaWFucywgZXRjLiAgSWYgeW91knJlIGFza2luZyBzb21lb25lIHRvIGNv bWUgZnJvbSBhIGRpc3RhbmNlIChzYXkgb3ZlciBhbiBob3VyknMgZHJpdmUpLCBp dJJzIGdyZWF0bHkgYXBwcmVjaWF0ZWQgdG8gb2ZmZXIgYSB0cmF2ZWwgYWxsb3dh bmNlIG92ZXIgYW5kIGFib3ZlIHRoZSBmZWUgcHJvcGVyLiAgQW4gaW5jcmVhc2lu Z2x5IHBvcHVsYXIgYXJyYW5nZW1lbnQgd2hpY2ggY2FuIGhlbHAgYXR0cmFjdCCT bmFtZZQgcGxheWVycyBpcyBhIGJhc2UgZmVlIHBsdXMgc29tZSBwZXJjZW50YWdl IG9yIGZpeGVkIGRvbGxhciBib251cyBiYXNlZCBvbiBhdHRlbmRhbmNlIGF0IHRo ZSBkYW5jZS4gIElmIHRoZXkgaW5kZWVkIGRyYXcgdGhhdCBsYXJnZXIgY3Jvd2Qs IHRoZXkgc2hvdWxkIGJlbmVmaXQuDQ1Db25maXJtIHRoZSBlbmdhZ2VtZW50IGlu IHdyaXRpbmcuICBXZZJyZSBhbGwgdG9vIGJ1c3kgdG8gcmVseSBvbiB2ZXJiYWwg aW52aXRhdGlvbnMgb3IgY29uZmlybWF0aW9ucy4gIEFzIG11c2ljaWFucyBhcmUg bm90IGdlbmVyYWxseSBrbm93biBmb3IgdGhlaXIgZXhjZXB0aW9uYWwgY2xlcmlj YWwgb3IgbWFuYWdlcmlhbCBza2lsbHMsIHlvdSBtaWdodCB0YWN0ZnVsbHkgc3Vn Z2VzdCB0byBhIGNvbnRyYWN0b3IgdGhhdCB5b3Ugd2lsbCBiZSBnbGFkIHRvIHNl bmQgY29uZmlybWF0aW9uIGxldHRlcnMgdG8gdGhlIG11c2ljaWFucyBzaGUgaGFz IHNlbGVjdGVkIChhdm9pZGluZyB0aGUgZmVlIGlzc3VlIHVubGVzcyB5b3UgYW5k IHRoZSBjb250cmFjdG9yIGhhdmUgd29ya2VkIHRoYXQgb3V0KS4NIA1Cb29rIGEg c2VwYXJhdGUgbXVzaWNpYW4gZm9yIGFueSCTYWZ0ZXJub29uIHByZXCUIHNlc3Np b24gcGxhbm5lZCBiZWZvcmUgeW91ciBldmVuaW5nIGJhbGwgb3IgcGFydHkuICBE b26SdCBhc2sgYW55IG9mIHlvdXIgcGFydHkgbXVzaWNpYW5zIHRvIHBsYXkgYm90 aCBhbiBhZnRlcm5vb24gYW5kIGV2ZW5pbmcgc2Vzc2lvbiAodW5sZXNzIGl0knMg cGFydCBvZiBhIHNwZWNpYWwgd29ya3Nob3Agb3Igd2Vlay1lbmQpLg0NT3RoZXIg UHJlcGFyYXRpb24NDVNlZSBNYXJzaGFsbCBCYXJyb26ScyBjb21wcmVoZW5zaXZl IGFydGljbGUgU28gWW91knJlIFRocm93aW5nIGEgQmFsbCAgZm9sbG93aW5nIHRo ZXNlIG5vdGVzIGZvciBzb21lIGNyaXRpY2FsbHkgaW1wb3J0YW50IHBvaW50cyBy ZWdhcmRpbmcgeW91ciBtdXNpY2lhbnMuICBTb21lIG90aGVyIG9ic2VydmF0aW9u cyB0aGF0IG1heSBiZSB1c2VmdWw6DQ1HaXZlbiB0aGUgc3RhdGUgb2YgbW9kZXJu IGVsZWN0cm9uaWNzLCBhIGdvb2QgZGlnaXRhbCBrZXlib2FyZCBpcyBiZXR0ZXIg dGhhbiBhIHJ1bi1kb3duIHBpYW5vLiAgV2hhdCBtYWtlcyBhIGRpZ2l0YWwga2V5 Ym9hcmQgZ29vZCBpczoNDVdlaWdodGVkIGtleXMuICBUaGUga2V5IJN0b3VjaJQg aGFzIHRoZSB3ZWlnaHRlZCBmZWVsIG9mIGEgcmVndWxhciBwaWFubywgbm90IHRo ZSBzcHJpbmctbGlrZSBhY3Rpb24gb2YgYW4gZWxlY3Ryb25pYyBvcmdhbi4NDVRo ZSBzb3VuZCBpcyCTc2FtcGxlZJQgbm90IJNzeW50aGVzaXplZC6UICAgQSBzYW1w bGUgaXMgYW4gZWxlY3Ryb25pYyBtZW1vcnkgb2YgYW4gYWN0dWFsIGluc3RydW1l bnQgKGluIHRoZSBjYXNlIG9mIGEgZ29vZCBkaWdpdGFsIHBpYW5vLCB0aGUgc291 cmNlIG9mIHRoZSBzYW1wbGUgaXMgIG9mdGVuIGEgU3RlaW53YXkgb3IgQm9zZW5k b3JmZXIgY29uY2VydCBncmFuZCkuICAgQSBnb29kIGRpZ2l0YWwgcGlhbm8gcGxh eWVkIHRocm91Z2ggdGhlIHR5cGljYWwgc291bmQgc3lzdGVtcyB1c2VkIGF0IGRh bmNlcyBzb3VuZHMgYmV0dGVyIHRoYW4gYSBsb3VzeSBhY291c3RpYyBwaWFubyB0 aHJvdWdoIHRoZSBzYW1lIHN5c3RlbS4NDVRoZSBxdWFsaXR5IG9mIHRoZSBzb3Vu ZCBhbXBsaWZpY2F0aW9uIHN5c3RlbSBpcyBjcml0aWNhbC4gIEludmVzdCB0aW1l LCBlZmZvcnQgYW5kIG1vbmV5IGluIHRoaXM7IHlvdZJsbCBub3Qgb25seSBoYXZl IGJldHRlciBzb3VuZGluZyBtdXNpYywgeW91kmxsIGhhdmUgbXVjaCBoYXBwaWVy IG11c2ljaWFucy4gIFRoZSBhbWF0ZXVyaXNoIGFuZCBoYXBoYXphcmQgcXVhbGl0 eSBvZiBzb3VuZCBzeXN0ZW1zIGlzIGJlY29taW5nIGEgYmlnZ2VyIGFuZCBiaWdn ZXIgaXNzdWUgdGhlc2UgZGF5cyBhbW9uZyBtdXNpY2lhbnMgYW5kIG1hbnkgZGFu Y2Vycy4NDVVzZSB0aGUgYmVzdCBlcXVpcG1lbnQgeW91IGNhbiBidXksIGZpbmQs IHJlbnQsIGJlZywgYm9ycm93LCBvciBzdGVhbC4gIEZvciBhIHBhcnR5IG9yIGJh bGwgd2l0aCAzIG9yIG1vcmUgbXVzaWNpYW5zLCBkb26SdCB1c2UgdGhlIHR5cGlj YWwgk3BvcnRhYmxllCBzeXN0ZW07IHVzZSB0aGUgYmVzdCB5b3UgY2FuIGdldC4g IEJvcnJvdyBhIHRydWNrIGlmIHlvdSBuZWVkIHRvLg0NU2V0dGluZyB1cCBhbmQg YWRqdXN0aW5nIGEgc291bmQgc3lzdGVtIGlzIGEgZmluZSBhcnQgYW5kIHJlcXVp cmVzIGtub3dsZWRnZSwgZXhwZXJpZW5jZSwgdGltZSwgIGFuZCBhIGdvb2QgcGFp ciBvZiBlYXJzLiAgRG9uknQgbGVhdmUgaXQgdG8gcG9vcmx5IHRyYWluZWQgdm9s dW50ZWVycy4NDUJlIHN1cmUgeW91IGFsbG93IGF0IGxlYXN0IDMwIG1pbnV0ZXMg YmVmb3JlIHRoZSBzdGFydCBvZiB0aGUgZGFuY2UgcGFydHkgZm9yIHNvdW5kIHN5 c3RlbSBiYWxhbmNpbmcgYW5kIGNoZWNraW5nLg0NVm9sdW1lIGlzIG9mdGVuIG1p c3Rha2VuIGZvciBiYWxhbmNlIGFuZCBjbGFyaXR5LiAgQSB3ZWxsLWJhbGFuY2Vk IHN5c3RlbSB1c2luZyBwcm9wZXIgbWlrZSBhbmQgc3BlYWtlciBwbGFjZW1lbnQg ZG9lcyBub3QgaGF2ZSB0byBiZSBjcmFua2VkIHVwIHRvIHBhaW5mdWwgdm9sdW1l IGxldmVscy4gIExpa2UgZ29vZCBsaWdodGluZyBkZXNpZ24sIGEgZ29vZCBzb3Vu ZCBzeXN0ZW0gc2hvdWxkIGJlIHVubm90aWNlYWJsZS4NDUlmIHlvdZJyZSBwbGFu bmluZyB0byBkbyBzb21lIGRhbmNlcyB0aGF0IGFyZSBub3QgY29tbW9ubHkgZG9u ZSwgZ2V0IGEgY29weSBvZiB5b3VyIHByb2dyYW0gdG8gdGhlIG11c2ljaWFucyBh IGNvdXBsZSBvZiB3ZWVrcyBhaGVhZCBvZiB0aW1lLiAgSWYgdGhlIG11c2ljIGlz bpJ0IGluIFBldGVyknMgYm9vaywgZm9yd2FyZCBjb3BpZXMgb2YgdGhlIG11c2lj IGFzIHdlbGwgdW5sZXNzIHlvdZJ2ZSBjb25maXJtZWQgd2l0aCB0aGUgbXVzaWNp YW5zIHRoYXQgdGhleSBoYXZlIGNvcGllcy4gIEV2ZW4gdGhlIGJlc3Qgc2lnaHQg cmVhZGVycyBhcHByZWNpYXRlIGFuIG9wcG9ydHVuaXR5IHRvIHBsYXkgdGhyb3Vn aCBhIG5ldyB0dW5lIGJlZm9yZSB0YWtpbmcgaXQgcHVibGljLiAgVGhpcyBpcyBl c3BlY2lhbGx5IHRydWUgZm9yIGtleWJvYXJkLCBndWl0YXIvbHV0ZSwgYW5kIGJh c3MvY2VsbG8vZ2FtYmEgcGxheWVycyB3aG8gYXJlIHJlc3BvbnNpYmxlIGZvciBj cmVhdGluZyB0aGUgaGFybW9uaWVzIGZvciB0aGUgdHVuZS4gIEFzIHlvdZJyZSBu b3cgYXdhcmUsIG1vc3QgRW5nbGlzaCBjb3VudHJ5IGRhbmNlIHR1bmVzIG5vdGF0 ZSB0aGUgbWVsb2R5IG9ubHkuICBBbGwgdGhlIGhhcm1vbnkgcGFydHMsIGluY2x1 ZGluZyB0aGUgYmFzcyBub3RlcyBhbmQgdGhlIGZpbGxlciBjaG9yZHMsIG11c3Qg YmUgY3JlYXRlZCBvbiB0aGUgc3BvdCBieSB0aGUgYmFuZC4gIA0NQXMgYW4gYWN0 aXZlIHRlYWNoZXIsIHlvdSBzaG91bGQga2VlcCAzIGJvb2tzIGNvbnRhaW5pbmcg Y29waWVzIG9mIHRoZSBtdXNpYyB5b3UgdXNlIGluIHlvdXIgY2xhc3NlcyBhbmQg cGFydGllcyB0aGF0IGlzIG5vdCBpbiBQZXRlcpJzIGJvb2ssIGFuZCBicmluZyB0 aGVtIHRvIHlvdXIgZXZlbnRzLg0NQ29tbXVuaWNhdGlvbiBhdCB0aGUgRGFuY2UN DUp1c3QgYmVmb3JlIHRoZSBzdGFydCBvZiB0aGUgZGFuY2UgZXZlbmluZyBvciBz ZXNzaW9uLCByZXZpZXcgdGhlIG1lY2hhbmljcyBvZiBjb21tdW5pY2F0aW9uIHdp dGggdGhlIGJhbmQtLSB3aGVyZSB5b3Ugd2lsbCBiZSwgd2hlcmUgdGhleSB3aWxs IGJlLCB3aGF0IGhhbmQgc2lnbmFscyBvciB2ZXJiYWwgY3VlcyB5b3Ugd2lsbCB1 c2UuICBZb3UgbWlnaHQgY29uc2lkZXIgc2VuZGluZyBhIHN1bW1hcnkgb2Ygc3Vj aCBtYXR0ZXJzIGFuZCB5b3VyIG93biBwZXJzb25hbCBwcmVmZXJlbmNlcyBhbG9u ZyB3aXRoIHRoZSBwcm9ncmFtIGFuZCBtdXNpYyBpbiBhZHZhbmNlIChzZWUgbXkg QSBOb3RlIHRvIHRoZSBCYW5kKS4gIEF0IG1pbmltdW0sIHJlYWNoIGFncmVlbWVu dCBvbjoNDVdob20geW91IHNob3VsZCBiZSBzaWduYWxpbmcuIEl0IG1heSBub3Qg bmVjZXNzYXJpbHkgYmUgdGhlIJNsZWFkZXIslCBkZXBlbmRpbmcgb24gaG93IHRo ZSBiYW5kIGlzIHNlYXRlZC4gIFlvdSBtYXkgd2lzaCB0byBhcnJhbmdlIHRvIGN1 ZSBldmVyeW9uZS4NDVBsYXlpbmcgdGhyb3VnaCB0aGUgdHVuZSB3aGlsZSBzZXRz IGFyZSBmb3JtaW5nIHVwLiAgSnVzdCBhbiCTQZQgbXVzaWM/ICBvbmNlIHRocm91 Z2ggd2l0aG91dCByZXBlYXRzPyAgd2l0aCByZXBlYXRzPyAgVGhpcyBpcyBnZW5l cmFsbHkgYSBnb29kIGlkZWEsIHNpbmNlIGl0IGdpdmVzIHRoZSBkYW5jZXJzIGEg Y2x1ZSBhcyB0byB0aGUgY2hhcmFjdGVyIG9mIHRoZSB0dW5lL2RhbmNlLCBpdCBt YXkgcmVtaW5kIHRoZSBkYW5jZXJzIG9mIHRoZSBmaWd1cmVzIHdoZW4gdGhlIG1l cmUgdGl0bGUgb2YgdGhlIGRhbmNlIGRvZXMgbm90LCBhbmQgaXQgZ2l2ZXMgeW91 IGEgY2hhbmNlIHRvIGFkanVzdCB0aGUgdGVtcG8gYW5kIGNoYXJhY3RlciBvZiB0 aGUgdHVuZSAodXNpbmcgdGhlIHNpZ25hbHMsIHdvcmRzLCBhbmQgdGVjaG5pcXVl cyB3ZZJ2ZSBkZXNjcmliZWQgZWFybGllcikuDQ1Ib3cgeW91IHdhbnQgdG8gc3Rh cnQgdGhlIG11c2ljLiAgRW5nbGlzaCBjb3VudHJ5IGRhbmNlIGJhbmRzIGdlbmVy YWxseSBkbyBub3QgbGlrZSB0byBiZSCTY291bnRlZCBpbpQgKHdoZXJlYnkgeW91 IHNheSCTUmVhZHksIGdvlCAgb3Igk1JlYWR5LCBhbmSUIGluIHRpbWUpLiAgRmlu ZCBvdXQgaG93IHRoZXkgbGlrZSB0byBzdGFydC0tIGNob3JkIHBsdXMgk3BpY2st dXCUIG5vdGU/ICB0d28gcGljay11cCBub3Rlcz8gIG9uZSBsb25nZXIgcGljay11 cCBub3RlPyAgVGVsbCB0aGUgZGFuY2VycyEgIFRlbGwgdGhlIGJhbmQgd2hhdCBj dWUgeW91kmxsIGdpdmUgdGhlbSB0byBzdGFydC0tIGEgYnJpZ2h0IHNtaWxlLCBv ciCTdGhhbmsgeW91LCBiYW5kLJQgb3Igk3dpdGggdGhlIG11c2ljLi4uLJQgb3Ig d2hhdGV2ZXIgaXMgeW91ciBzdHlsZS4NDUhvdyB5b3Ugd2FudCB0byBzdG9wIHRo ZSBtdXNpYy4gIElkZWFsbHkgkzIgbW9yZSB0aW1lc5QgaXMgdGhlIGJlc3QsIGFz IGl0IGFsbG93cyB0aGUgYmFuZCB0aW1lIHRvIHdvcmsgdGhpbmdzIG91dCBzbyB0 aGF0IHRoZXJlknMgYSBnb29kIGZpbmlzaC4gIFNpZ25hbCBhZnRlciB0aGUgc3Rh cnQgb2YgdGhlIGxhc3Qgc3RyYWluIG9mIHRoZSBtdXNpYyBqdXN0IGJlZm9yZSB0 aGUgbmV4dCB0byBsYXN0IChwZW51bHRpbWF0ZSkgcm91bmQgaXMgYWJvdXQgdG8g c3RhcnQuICBUaGUgcGVudWx0aW1hdGUgcm91bmQgaXMgYWJvdXQgdG8gc3RhcnQg d2hlbi4uLg0NaW4gYSBkdXBsZSBtaW5vciBsb25nd2F5cywgdGhlIGhlYWQgY291 cGxlIGlzIGRhbmNpbmcgYW5kIGlzIGFib3V0IHRvIHByb2dyZXNzIGxlYXZpbmcg YSBjb3VwbGUgc3RhbmRpbmcgb3V0IGF0IHRoZSBoZWFkLg0gIA1pbiBhIHRyaXBs ZSBtaW5vciBsb25nd2F5cywganVzdCBvbmUgY291cGxlIGF0IHRoZSBoZWFkIGlz IHN0YW5kaW5nIG91dCwgYW5kIGlzIGFib3V0IHRvIHN0YW5kIG91dCB0aGVpciBz ZWNvbmQgcm91bmQsIGpvaW5lZCBieSBhIHNlY29uZCBjb3VwbGUgYWJvdXQgdG8g c3RhbmQgb3V0Lg0NQmUgY2FyZWZ1bCBhYm91dCBkb3VibGUgcHJvZ3Jlc3Npb24g ZGFuY2VzICh3aGVyZSBubyBvbmUgZXZlciBzdGFuZHMgb3V0KSwgZGFuY2VzIHdo aWNoIJNib3Jyb3eUIHN0YW5kaW5nIG91dCBjb3VwbGVzLCBkYW5jZXMgd2hlcmUg dGhlIHByb2dyZXNzaW9uIGhhcHBlbnMgZWFybHkgYW5kIGl0IGFwcGVhcnMgdGhh dCBhIGNvdXBsZSBpcyBzdGFuZGluZyBvdXQgd2hlbiBpbiBmYWN0IHRoZXkgYXJl IG5vdCwgYW5kIGRhbmNlcyB3aGVyZSBzdGFuZGluZyBvdXQgY291cGxlcyBhY3R1 YWxseSBjYW4gam9pbiBpbiB0aGUgZmlndXJlIG1ha2luZyBpdCBhcHBlYXIgdGhh dCBubyBjb3VwbGUgaXMgc3RhbmRpbmcgb3V0Lg0NQWxzbyBzaWduYWwgk29uZSBt b3JlIHRpbWWUIGp1c3QgcHJpb3IgdG8gdGhlIHN0YXJ0IG9mIHRoZSBmaW5hbCBy b3VuZCwgYW5kIGNvbmZpcm0gdGhlIJNsYXN0IHRpbWWUIGFzIHlvdSB3YW50IHRo ZSBkYW5jZSB0byBlbmQuDQ1Zb3VyIHBsYW4gZm9yIHRoZSBzZXQgZGFuY2VzLiAg V2lsbCB5b3UgZG8gdGhlbSBvbmNlLCBwYXVzZSwgdGhlbiByZXBlYXQ/ICB0d2lj ZSB0aHJvdWdoIHdpdGhvdXQgcGF1c2luZz8gIE9uY2UgYW5kIHdlkmxsIHNlZT8g IERlY2lkZSBvbiBhIHNpZ25hbCBvciBjdWUgdG8gaW5kaWNhdGUgdGhhdCB5b3Ug d2FudCB0aGUgYmFuZCB0byBrZWVwIGdvaW5nLg0NV2FybmluZ3MgYWJvdXQgk3R3 aWNlIHRocm91Z2ggdGhlIHR1bmUgaXMgb25jZSB0aHJvdWdoIHRoZSBkYW5jZS6U ICBDb25maXJtIGhvdyB5b3WSbGwgc2lnbmFsIHRoZSBlbmRpbmcuDQ1Tb21lIG90 aGVyIGlkZWFzIHlvdSBtaWdodCBmaW5kIGhlbHBmdWw6DQ1JZiB0aGVyZSBhcmUg c29tZSB1bnVzdWFsIHR1bmVzIG9uIHlvdXIgcHJvZ3JhbSwgYXNrIHRoZSBiYW5k IHRvIHBsYXkgdGhlbSB0aHJvdWdoIG9uY2Ugb3IgdHdpY2UgYmVmb3JlIHRoZSBl dmVuaW5nIGdldHMgdW5kZXIgd2F5LiAgVGhlcmUgYXJlIHNldmVyYWwgYmVuZWZp dHM6IGl0IHdpbGwgYmUgZ29vZCBtYXRlcmlhbCBmb3IgdGhlIHNvdW5kIGNoZWNr LCB5b3WSbGwgaGF2ZSBhIGNoYW5jZSB0byBoZWFyIHRoZW0gYW5kIGRvIHNvbWUg bGFzdCBtaW51dGUgbWVudGFsIGNhbGlicmF0aW9uIG9mIHRoZSBmaWd1cmVzLCB0 aGUgbXVzaWNpYW5zIHdpbGwgaGF2ZSBhIGNoYW5jZSB0byCTcmVoZWFyc2WUIHRo ZW0sIGFuZCB0aGUgZWFybHkgYXJyaXZpbmcgZGFuY2VycyB3aWxsIGJlIGdyZWV0 ZWQgYnkgbXVzaWMgaW4gdGhlIGFpci4NDURvIHRoYW5rIHRoZSBiYW5kIHB1Ymxp Y2x5IGR1cmluZyB0aGUgY291cnNlIG9mIHRoZSBldmVuaW5nLiAgQSBnb29kIHBs YW4gaXMgdG8gaW50cm9kdWNlIHRoZW0gKGluZGl2aWR1YWxseSBieSBuYW1lLCBh cyB3ZWxsIGFzIHRoZSBiYW5kknMgbmFtZSwgaXMgYmVzdCkgYWZ0ZXIgdGhlIDJu ZCBvciAzcmQgZGFuY2Ugb2YgdGhlIGV2ZW5pbmcgYW5kIGV4cHJlc3MgdGhhbmtz LCBhbmQgdGhlbiBhZ2FpbiBhdCB0aGUgZGFuY2WScyBjb25jbHVzaW9uLiAgQSCT c3BlY2lhbCBoYW5kIGZvciB0aGUgbXVzaWOUIGNhbiBiZSBhcHByb3ByaWF0ZSBh ZnRlciBhbiBlc3BlY2lhbGx5IGdvcmdlb3VzIHBlcmZvcm1hbmNlIG9mIGEgcGFy dGljdWxhciB0dW5lLiAgTm8gbW9yZSwgb3IgbGVzcywgdGhhbiB0aGF0LS0gc29t ZSBsZWFkZXJzIGFyZSBnZXR0aW5nIGNhcnJpZWQgYXdheS4NDVBsYW5uaW5nIGEg UHJvZ3JhbQ0NSW4gdGhpcyBzZWN0aW9uIHdlIGRpc2N1c3MganVzdCBzb21lIG11 c2ljYWwgY29uc2lkZXJhdGlvbnMgd2hlbiBwbGFubmluZyBhIHByb2dyYW0gb2Yg RW5nbGlzaCBjb3VudHJ5IGRhbmNpbmcuICBPdGhlciBpc3N1ZXMsIGxpa2UgZGlm ZmljdWx0eSBsZXZlbCwgdmFyaWV0eSBvZiBmb3JtYXRpb24sIGV0Yy4sIGFyZSBj b3ZlcmVkIGluIG1hbnkgb3RoZXIgc291cmNlczsgRnJpZWQgSGVybWFuknMgRWFz ZSBhbmQgRWxlZ2FuY2UgaXMgYW4gZXNwZWNpYWxseSBjb21wcmVoZW5zaXZlIHRy ZWF0aXNlIG9uIHRoZXNlIG1hdHRlcnMuDQ1UaGUgcXVhbGl0eSBvZiB0aGUgbXVz aWMgaGFzIGEgbXVjaCBncmVhdGVyIGluZmx1ZW5jZSBvbiB0aGUgc3VjY2VzcyBv ZiBhIGRhbmNlIHByb2dyYW0gdGhhbiBtb3N0IGxlYWRlcnMgcmVjb2duaXplLiAg TXVzaWMgdG91Y2hlcyBwZW9wbGUgZGVlcGx5IGFuZCB1bmNvbnNjaW91c2x5OyBt b3ZpbmcgdG8gbXVzaWMgaGVpZ2h0ZW5zIHRoZSBlZmZlY3QuICBXaGVuIG1ha2lu ZyB1cCB5b3VyIHByb2dyYW0sIGNvbnNpZGVyIHRoZSB0dW5lcyBhcyBtdWNoIGFz IHlvdSBjb25zaWRlciB0aGUgZGFuY2U6DQ1Vc2UgdHVuZXMgeW91IGxpa2UuIElm IHlvdSBsaWtlIHRoZSB0dW5lLCB5b3WSbGwgYmUgbW9yZSBlbnRodXNpYXN0aWMg YWJvdXQgdGhlIGRhbmNlLiAgQmUgc3VyZSB0byBpbmNsdWRlIHNldmVyYWwgdHVu ZXMgeW91IGxvdmUuICAoSXSScyBPSyB0byBsZXQgdGhlIGRhbmNlcnMga25vdyB0 aGF0IGEgcGFydGljdWxhciB0dW5lIGlzIG9uZSBvZiB5b3VyIGZhdm9yaXRlczsg aXSScyBhIGdvb2QgdHJpY2sgdG8gZ2V0IHRoZW0gdG8gbGlzdGVuIHRvIHRoZSBt dXNpYyBtb3JlLiAgQnV0IGRvbpJ0IG92ZXItZG8gaXQgYnkgZ3VzaGluZyBvbiBh Ym91dCBpdC4gIExldCB0aGUgbXVzaWMgc3BlYWsgZm9yIGl0c2VsZikuICBJdJJz IE9LIHRvIHVzZSBhIGRhbmNlIHdpdGggYSBkb3JreSB0dW5lIGFzIGNvbWljIHJl bGllZjsgYWdhaW4gY2FsbGluZyBhdHRlbnRpb24gdG8gdGhlIHR1bmWScyB2ZXJ5 IGRvcmtpbmVzcyBnZXRzIHRoZSBkYW5jZXJzIGxpc3RlbmluZywgd2hpY2ggaXMg eW91ciB1bHRpbWF0ZSBhZ2VuZGEgaGVyZS4NDUVuc3VyZSB2YXJpZXR5IGFtb25n IHRoZSB0dW5lcw0NQXZvaWQgMyBvciBtb3JlIHR1bmVzIG9mIHRoZSBzYW1lIHN0 eWxlIGluIGEgcm93LiAgRm9yIGV4YW1wbGU6IExJTExJQlVSTEVSTyBmb2xsb3dl ZCBieSBGQU5EQU5HTyBmb2xsb3dlZCBieSBGRU1BTEUgU0FZTEVSIGlzIG5vdCBh IGdvb2QgY2hvaWNlIGFzIHRoZXkgYXJlIGFsbCBqaWdzLiAgTWl4IHVwIHRoZSBq aWdzLCByZWVscywgbWFyY2hlcywgd2FsdHplcywgdHJpcGxlIG1ldGVycywgZXRj LiAgDQ1Db25zaWRlciB2YXJpZXR5IG9mIHRlbXBvIGFzIHdlbGwuIEhVTlNET04g SE9VU0UgZm9sbG93ZWQgYnkgRkFJUiBBTkQgU09GVExZIGZvbGxvd2VkIGJ5IExV TEwgTUUgQkVZT05EIFRIRUUgbWFrZXMgc29tZSBzZW5zZSBjaG9yZW9ncmFwaGlj YWxseSwgYnV0IHdpbGwgcHV0IHRoZSB3aG9sZSByb29tIHRvIHNsZWVwLCBpbmNs dWRpbmcgdGhlIG11c2ljaWFucy4gIEpBQ09CIEhBTEySUyBKSUcgZm9sbG93ZWQg YnkgTUFJREVOIExBTkUgZm9sbG93ZWQgYnkgRFVCTElOIEJBWSB3aWxsIGV4aGF1 c3QgZXZlcnlvbmUuDQ1Ob3RlIHRoZSBwcm9ncmVzc2lvbiBvZiBrZXlzLiAgVGhp cyBpcyBhIHN1YnRsZSBtYXR0ZXIsIHdob3NlIGVmZmVjdCBjYW4gYmUgb2Zmc2V0 IGJ5IG90aGVyIG92ZXJyaWRpbmcgY2lyY3Vtc3RhbmNlcy4gIEJ1dCwgd2hlbmV2 ZXIgcG9zc2libGU6DQ1Bdm9pZCAzIG9yIG1vcmUgZGFuY2VzIGluIGEgcm93IGlu IHRoZSBzYW1lIGtleSAoc2VlIHRoZSBmb2xsb3dpbmcgQWxtb3N0IFJlbGlhYmxl IEd1aWRlIHRvIERldGVybWluaW5nIGEgVHVuZZJzIEtleSkuDQ1Bdm9pZCAzIG9y IG1vcmUgZGFuY2VzIGluIGEgcm93IGluIGEgc3RlcHdpc2UgZG93bndhcmQgcHJv Z3Jlc3Npb24gb2Yga2V5cyAoZS5nLiBDIHRvIEItZmxhdCB0byBBKS4NDUF2b2lk IDMgb3IgbW9yZSBkYW5jZXMgaW4gYSByb3cgaW4gYSBtaW5vciBrZXkuDQ1MZXQg dGhlIGJhbmQgcGFydGljaXBhdGUuICBPbmNlIHlvdZJ2ZSBkZWNpZGVkIG9uIHlv dXIgbXVzaWNpYW5zLCBhc2sgdGhlbSBpZiB0aGV5IGhhdmUgYW55IGZhdm9yaXRl cy4gIFRoZXmSbGwgcmVhbGx5IGFwcHJlY2lhdGUgaXQsIGFuZCB5b3VyIHByb2dy YW0gd2lsbCBoYXZlIHRoZSBleHRyYSBiZW5lZml0IG9mIGFuIGVudGh1c2lhc3Rp YyBiYW5kIHBsYXlpbmcgdHVuZXMgdGhleSByZWFsbHkgbGlrZS4gIE5vdGUgdGhh dCB0aGVyZSBhcmUgc29tZSBkYW5jZXMgdGhhdCBhcmUgZnVuIHRvIGRhbmNlIGJ1 dCB0aGF0IGFyZSBiLW8tci1pLW4tZyBmb3IgdGhlIGJhbmQgKEFVUkVUVEmSUywg IERPVkVSIFBJRVIsIFBSSU5DRSBXSUxMSUFNIHR3aWNlIHRocm91Z2gsIGFsbCBz cHJpbmcgdG8gbWluZCkuDQ1Zb3UgY2FuIG1ha2UgeW91ciBwcmVwYXJhdGlvbiBh IGJpdCBlYXNpZXIgYnkgZ2l2aW5nIHlvdXJzZWxmIGEgcHJvZ3JhbSBwbGFubmlu ZyBmb3JtIHRvIHVzZS4gIEhlcmWScyBvbmUgcG9zc2liaWxpdHk6DQ1OYW1lIG9m IERhbmNlB0tleQdGb3JtYXRpb24HTWV0ZXIHRGlmZmljdWx0eQdNdXNpYyBTb3Vy Y2UHBwcHBwcHBwdLbm9sZSBQYXJrB0QHTDIHMi80B0Vhc3kHQmFybmVzBwdLbml2 ZXMgYW5kIEZvcmtzB0cHTDIHMy8yB0Vhc3kHQmFybmVzBwdCcmlkZ2Ugb2YgQXRo bG9uZQdhBzVMBzYvOAdFYXN5B0NETSA2BwcNVGhlIHBhcmFtZXRlcnMgb2Yga2V5 LCBmb3JtYXRpb24gKEwyIGlzIGxvbmd3YXlzIGR1cGxlIG1pbm9yLCA1TCBpcyBm aXZlIGNvdXBsZSBzZXQgaW4gbG9uZ3dheXMgZm9ybWF0aW9uKSwgbWV0ZXIsIGFu ZCBkaWZmaWN1bHR5IGxldmVsIGhlbHAgc2hhcGUgYSBjb2hlcmVudCBwcm9ncmFt LiAgVGhlcmUgYXJlIG90aGVyIHBhcmFtZXRlcnMgeW91IG1heSBlbmpveSBjb25z aWRlcmluZyAoZGVncmVlIG9mIHBhcnRuZXIgaW50ZXJhY3Rpb24sIGhpc3Rvcmlj YWwgcGVyaW9kLCBldGMuKSwgc28gY3JlYXRlIHlvdXIgb3duIGZvcm0gdG8gdXNl IQ0NV29ya2luZyB3aXRoIExlc3MgVGhhbiB0aGUgQmVzdA0NWW91IGRvbpJ0IGFs d2F5cyBoYXZlIHRoZSBwcml2aWxlZ2UgYW5kIHBsZWFzdXJlIG9mIHdvcmtpbmcg d2l0aCB0aGUgYmVzdCBvZiB0aGUgZGFuY2UgbXVzaWNpYW5zLiAgVGhlcmUgYXJl IHNvbWUgdGhpbmdzIHlvdSBjYW4gZG8sIGhvd2V2ZXIsIHRvIG1ha2UgdGhlIG1v c3Qgb2Ygd2hhdCB5b3UgaGF2ZS4MDUZvciB0aGUgc2FrZSBvZiB0aGlzIGRpc2N1 c3Npb24sIG11c2ljaWFucyBwbGF5aW5nIGZvciBFbmdsaXNoIGNvdW50cnkgZGFu Y2luZyBjYW4gYnkgc29ydGVkIGludG8gNCCTcXVhZHJhbnRzlCwgYmFzZWQgb24g bXVzaWNhbCBhYmlsaXR5IGFuZCBleHBlcmllbmNlIHBsYXlpbmcgZm9yIGRhbmNp bmc6DQ0NSUlJOiBoaWdoIGFiaWxpdHksIGxvdyBleHBlcmllbmNlB0lWOiBoaWdo IGFiaWxpdHksIGhpZ2ggZXhwZXJpZW5jZQcHSTogbG93IGFiaWxpdHksIGxvdyBl eHBlcmllbmNlDSAgICAHSUk6IGxvdyBhYmlsaXR5LCBoaWdoIGV4cGVyaWVuY2UH BwkJCQkNRm9yIGxvdyBhYmlsaXR5IHBsYXllcnMgKHF1YWRyYW50cyBJIGFuZCBJ SSksIGNvbnNpZGVyOg0NbGltaXRpbmcgeW91ciBwcm9ncmFtIHRvIHR1bmVzIHRo YXQgYXJlIGVhc3kgdG8gcGxheToNDW5vdCB0b28gk25vdGV5lA1lYXN5IGtleXMg KG5vIG1vcmUgdGhhbiAyIHNoYXJwcyBvciAxIGZsYXQpDXN0cmFpZ2h0Zm9yd2Fy ZCBpbiBjaGFyYWN0ZXINDUVhcmx5IFBsYXlmb3JkIGFuZCB0cmFkaXRpb25hbCBk YW5jZXMgYXJlIGEgZ29vZCBjaG9pY2UsIGFuZCBhcmUgZnVuIGZvciB0aGUgZGFu Y2VycyBhcyB3ZWxsLiAgIFRyYWRpdGlvbmFsIGRhbmNlcyBpbiBwYXJ0aWN1bGFy IGdpdmUgeW91IHRoZSBvcHRpb24gb2Ygc3Vic3RpdHV0aW5nIGVhc2llciB0dW5l cyB0aGFuIHRoZSBvbmVzIGluZGljYXRlZC4gDQ1lbmNvdXJhZ2luZyB5b3VyIG11 c2ljaWFucyB0byByZWhlYXJzZS4gIEdldCB0aGVtIGNvcGllcyBvZiB5b3VyIHBy b2dyYW0gYW5kIHRoZSBtdXNpYyBpbiBwbGVudHkgb2YgdGltZS4gIEZvciBxdWFk cmFudCBJIHBsYXllcnMsIGF0dGVuZCBvbmUgb2YgdGhlaXIgcmVoZWFyc2FscyBh bmQgZ3VpZGUgdGhlbSBhcyB0byB0ZW1wb3MgYW5kIGNoYXJhY3RlciBvZiB0aGUg dHVuZXMuDQ1Gb3IgaGlnaCBhYmlsaXR5IHBsYXllcnMgd2l0aCBsaXR0bGUgZXhw ZXJpZW5jZSAocXVhZHJhbnQgSUlJIGNsYXNzaWNhbGx5IHRyYWluZWQgbXVzaWNp YW5zIG9yIG11c2ljaWFucyBleHBlcmllbmNlZCBpbiBwbGF5aW5nIGluIG90aGVy IHR5cGVzIG9mIGRhbmNlIG9yIHRoZWF0ZXIgc2V0dGluZ3MpLCBjb25zaWRlcjoN DXByb3ZpZGluZyB0aGVtIHdpdGggc29tZSByZWNvcmRpbmdzIG9mIGdvb2QgRW5n bGlzaCBjb3VudHJ5IGRhbmNlIG11c2ljIHNvIHRoYXQgdGhleSBjYW4gaGVhciB3 aGF0IGl0knMgc3VwcG9zZWQgdG8gc291bmQgbGlrZQ1wcm92aWRpbmcga2V5Ym9h cmQgcGxheWVycyB3aXRoIENlY2lsIFNoYXJwknMgcGlhbm8gYXJyYW5nZW1lbnRz IG9mIHRoZSBQbGF5Zm9yZCByZXBlcnRvcnkuICBUaGVzZSBoYXZlIGZhbGxlbiBp bnRvIGRpc3VzZSwgYnV0IHRoZXkgYXJlIGFsd2F5cyBhcHByb3ByaWF0ZSBhbmQg b2Z0ZW4gYnJpbGxpYW50LiAgTWVsb2R5IGluc3RydW1lbnRzIGNhbiBwbGF5IHRo ZSB0dW5lcyBhcyB0aGV5knJlIG5vdGVkIGluIFBldGVyIEJhcm5lc5IgYm9vay4N cHJvdmlkaW5nIHRoZSBiYW5kIHdpdGggY29waWVzIG9mIE1hcnNoYWxsIEJhcnJv bpJzIDMtcGFydCBzZXR0aW5ncy4gIFRoZXNlIGFyZSBhdmFpbGFibGUgZnJvbSBN YXJzaGFsbCBhdCB0aGUgUGxheWZvcmQgQ29uc29ydCBhZGRyZXNzIGdpdmVuIGVs c2V3aGVyZS4gIE5PVEU6IGRvbpJ0IG1peCB0aGUgUGxheWZvcmQgQ29uc29ydCBl ZGl0aW9ucyB3aXRoIFNoYXJwknMgcGlhbm8gYXJyYW5nZW1lbnRzIQ1wcm92aWRp bmcgdGhlIGJhbmQgd2l0aCBjb3BpZXMgb2YgQmVybmFyZCBUaG9tYXOSIDQtcGFy dCBzZXR0aW5ncyBwdWJsaXNoZWQgYnkgTG9uZG9uIFBybyBNdXNpY2EuICBUaGVz ZSBhcmUgZXNwZWNpYWxseSB3ZWxsIHN1aXRlZCB0byBjb25zb3J0cyBvZiBlYXJs eSBpbnN0cnVtZW50cyAocmVjb3JkZXJzIGluIHBhcnRpY3VsYXIpLg0NQXBwZW5k aXggQSBjb250YWlucyBzb21lIG1hdGVyaWFsIGFkZHJlc3NlZCB0byBkYW5jZSBt dXNpY2lhbnMgd2hpY2ggeW91ciBwZW9wbGUgbWF5IGZpbmQgdmVyeSB1c2VmdWwu DQ0NRW5nbGlzaCBEYW5jZSBMZWFkZXJzaGlwIFRyYWluaW5nIGluIE11c2ljIGJ5 IEdlbmUgTXVycm93DQ0NDQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEAAAwBAAAQwQAAC4NAAA5DQAAmQ8AAKwPAADZDwAA 8g8AAJUaAACvGgAAABwAABIcAADTIAAAAiEAAEUpAABXKQAAWCkAAD0qAABOKgAA wDAAAPIwAABCMQAARjEAAJkzAADUMwAAgzUAAKI1AABRPgAAfT4AAJA+AAD7+QD5 APkA+QD5APkA+QD59QD5APkA+QD5APkA+QAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAGNgiBPioBAAM2CIEHNQiBQ0ogAAAe AAQAAC8EAAAwBAAARAQAAEUEAAAYBQAAGQUAAGwFAABtBQAA6AcAAOkHAAAfCAAA IAgAAFkIAABaCAAAXAkAAF0JAAAPCwAAEAsAABYNAAAXDQAApw4AAKkOAACZDwAA mg8AAKwPAACtDwAAdhAAAP0AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD9AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA/QAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAP0AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD9AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA/QAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPgA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAD9AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA+AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAP0AAAAAAAAAAAAA AAD0AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA9AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD0AAAAAAAA AAAAAAAA9AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD0AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA9AAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAPgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD9AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA+AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AOsAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD4AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA/QAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAP0AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAD9AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA/QAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAJAAAKJgwLRgAA D4RoARGEmP4AAwAAD4TQAgUAAAomAAtGAQAAAQAAABsABAAALwQAADAEAABEBAAA RQQAABgFAAAZBQAAbAUAAG0FAADoBwAA6QcAAB8IAAAgCAAAWQgAAFoIAABcCQAA XQkAAA8LAAAQCwAAFg0AABcNAACnDgAAqQ4AAJkPAACaDwAArA8AAK0PAAB2EAAA dxAAAP8QAAAAEQAAfREAAH4RAADoEgAA6RIAACYUAAAnFAAAABUAAAEVAACpFQAA qhUAAB0WAAAeFgAAERcAABIXAADmGQAA5xkAAJQaAACVGgAAsBoAALEaAAA2HAAA NxwAAMwcAADNHAAAjB4AAI0eAAA4IAAAOSAAAHghAAB5IQAA8yEAAPYhAACbIgAA nCIAAP0jAAD+IwAAgCQAAIEkAABNJQAATiUAALglAAC5JQAA4iUAAOMlAACIJwAA iScAAEQpAAAAAAAAAAD8APYAAAAAAAAAAADwAOrn4QAAAAAA2wAAAAAA1QAAAAAA AAAAAM8AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADJ58MAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAKCAEACQEKCQAA AAAKCAEACQEKCAAAAAAKCAEACQEKBwAAAAAKCAEACQEKBgAAAAAKCAEACQEKBQAA AAAKCAEACQEKBAAAAAAEBwwJAQAKCAEACQEKAwAAAAAKCAEACQEKAgAAAAAKCAEA CQEKAQAAAAAFCAEACQEATXYQAAB3EAAA/xAAAAARAAB9EQAAfhEAAOgSAADpEgAA JhQAACcUAAAAFQAAARUAAKkVAACqFQAAHRYAAB4WAAARFwAAEhcAAOYZAADnGQAA lBoAAJUaAACwGgAAsRoAADYcAAA3HAAAzBwAAM0cAACMHgAA/QAAAAAAAAAAAAAA APgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD9AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA9AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPQAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAD0AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA9AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD9AAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA9AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD0AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA 9AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD0AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA9AAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAPQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD4AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA/QAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAP0AAAAA AAAAAAAAAAD9AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA/QAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAP0AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD9 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA/QAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD0AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAA9AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAMAAA+E0AIFAAAKJgALRgEAAAEAAAAc jB4AAI0eAAA4IAAAOSAAAHghAAB5IQAA8yEAAPYhAACbIgAAnCIAAP0jAAD+IwAA gCQAAIEkAABNJQAATiUAALglAAC5JQAA4iUAAOMlAACIJwAAiScAAEQpAABFKQAA WCkAAFkpAACJKgAA+wAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPsAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD7AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAA+wAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPsAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD0AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA6wAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAPQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADpAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA5QAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAOUA AAAAAAAAAAAAAADlAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA6QAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPsAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAD7AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA+wAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAOkAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADpAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAA6QAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPsAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD7AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA+wAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAPsAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADpAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA6QAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AOkAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAwAAD4SgBQABAAAJAAAKJgwLRgAA D4QIBxGEmP4HAAAKJgALRgEAD4QIBwADAAAPhNACABpEKQAARSkAAFgpAABZKQAA iSoAAIoqAACpKwAAqisAALstAAC8LQAA2y0AANwtAADELgAAxS4AAO0vAADuLwAA fTAAAH4wAAD1MAAA9jAAAFoxAABbMQAAizEAAIwxAAAgMwAAITMAAJgzAACZMwAA pzMAAKszAAC1MwAAuzMAAMYzAADTMwAA1DMAANUzAADWMwAA1zMAANgzAADZMwAA 2jMAANszAADmMwAA6DMAAOszAADvMwAA9DMAAPszAAD8MwAADTQAAA80AAASNAAA FjQAABs0AAAiNAAAIzQAADU0AAA3NAAAOjQAAD40AABDNAAASTQAAEo0AABLNAAA gjUAAIM1AACjNQAApDUAAFY2AAAENwAABTcAAAY3AAAoNwAASjcAAEs3AABqNwAA bzcAAJA3AACRNwAAljcAAM43AADPNwAABTgAAAY4AAAWOAAAQjgAAF84AAAAAAAA AAAA+vfxAAAAAADrAAAAAAAAAOUAAADi4uLi4uLg4uLi4uLi4OLi4uLi4uDi4uLi 4uLg4uLi4uLi4AAAAAAAAAAAAOLi4OLi4uAAAADa9/f39wAACggBAAkBCg4AAAAA AgMBAAQDAQUKAAoIAQAJAQoNAAAAAAoIAQAJAQoMAAAAAAoIAQAJAQoLAAAAAAQH DAkBAAoIAQAJAQoKAAAAVokqAACKKgAAqSsAAKorAAC7LQAAvC0AANstAADcLQAA xC4AAMUuAADtLwAA7i8AAH0wAAB+MAAA9TAAAPYwAABaMQAAWzEAAIsxAACMMQAA IDMAACEzAACYMwAAmTMAAKczAACrMwAAtTMAALszAAD7AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA+QAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAPkAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD0AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA6wAAAAAAAAAAAAAA APQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD7AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA+wAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPsAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAD7AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA+wAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD5AAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA+wAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPsAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD7AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA +wAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPsAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD7AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA9AAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAPkAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD5AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA+QAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAOgAAAAA AAAAAAAAAADoAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA6AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAOgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AwAAFiQBCQAACiYMC0YAAA+EaAERhJj+BQAACiYAC0YBAAABAAAAAwAAD4TQAgAb uzMAAMYzAADTMwAA1DMAANUzAADWMwAA1zMAANgzAADZMwAA2jMAANszAADmMwAA 6DMAAOszAADvMwAA9DMAAPszAAD8MwAA/AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPwAAAAAAAAAAAAA AACtHAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA/AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD8AAAAAAAA AAAAAAAA/AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD8AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAmoQA AAAAAAAAAAAAAPwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD8AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA/AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA APwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD8AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA/AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAJqcAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAATAAAWJAEXJAEClmwACnQEACUACNYQAAaU/8oI TgxWElYWYx1wJE8AABYkARckAQKWbAAKdAQAJQAI1ogABpT/yghODFYSVhZjHXAk AAAAAAwBAQAAAAAABgEBAAAAAAAAAAAADAEBAAAAAAAGAQEAAAAAAAAAAAAMAQEA AAAAAAYBAQAAAAAAAAAAAAwBAQAAAAAABgEBAAAAAAAAAAAADAEBAAAAAAAGAQEA AAAAAAAAAAAMAQEAAAAAAAYBAQAAAAAAAwAAFiQBABH8MwAADTQAAA80AAASNAAA FjQAABs0AAAiNAAAIzQAADU0AAA3NAAAOjQAAD40AABDNAAASTQAAEo0AABLNAAA gjUAAIM1AAD8AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA/AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD8 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA/AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADpnAAAAAAAAAAA AAAA/AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD8AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA/AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAPwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD8AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAmgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAJgA AAAAAAAAAAAAAACYAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAmAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAEAAE8AABYkARckAQKWbAAKdAQAJQAI1ogABpT/yghODFYSVhZjHXAkAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAADAEBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAMAQEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAwB AQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADAEBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAMAQEAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAwBAQAAAAAAEwAAFiQBFyQBApZsAAp0BAAlAAjWEAAGlP/KCE4M VhJWFmMdcCQDAAAWJAEAEYM1AACjNQAApDUAAFY2AAAENwAABTcAAAY3AAAoNwAA SjcAAEs3AABqNwAAbzcAAJA3AACRNwAAljcAAM43AADPNwAABTgAAAY4AAAWOAAA QjgAAF84AAD9AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA/QAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAP0AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD9 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA/QAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAP0AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD6AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAA+gAAAAAAAAAAAAAAANsYAQAAAAAAAAAAAAD6AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA+gAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAPoAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADbAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA1QAAAAAAAAAAAAAAANUA AAAAAAAAAAAAAADVAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAzgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAMUAAAAAAAAAAAAA AADFAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAxQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAMUAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAJAAAKJgwLRgAAD4QIBxGEmP4HAAAK JgALRgEAD4Q4BAAFAAAPhGgBEYSY/gAeAAAWJAEXJAEClmwAB5Rw/gp0EACnAAXW GAYBAQAGAQEABgEBAAYBAQAGAQEABgEBAAjWCAAC2gM6EbwhAwAAFiQBAAEAAAAV XzgAAGA4AAAsOQAALTkAAAc6AAAIOgAAwDoAAME6AABAOwAAQDwAACk9AADpPQAA 6j0AAFE+AABSPgAAUz4AAI0+AACQPgAA/f399wAAAPHr5d8AAN3a2gAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAUCEQANAQIBAQAKCAEACQEKEwAAAAAKCAEACQEKEgAAAAAKCAEACQEKEQAA AAAKCAEACQEKEAAAAAAKCAEACQEKDwAAAAAEBwwJARFfOAAAYDgAACw5AAAtOQAA BzoAAAg6AADAOgAAwToAAEA7AABAPAAAKT0AAOk9AADqPQAAUT4AAFI+AABTPgAA jT4AAI4+AACPPgAAkD4AAPYAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD2AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA9gAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAO8AAAAAAAAAAAAAAADtAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA7QAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAO0A AAAAAAAAAAAAAADvAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA7wAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAO8AAAAAAAAAAAAA AADvAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA7QAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAO0AAAAAAAAAAAAAAADrAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAA6wAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAOsAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADtAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA7QAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAO0AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABEQAAAQAABwAACiYAC0YBAA+EOAQJAAAK JgwLRgAAD4Q4BBGEmP4AEy4ACTAAFDAIB1ABAAhQAQAmUAEAH7DQLyCw4D0hsIAE IrCgBSOQgAQkkIAEJbCwAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA EgASAAoAAQBbAA8AAgAAAAAAAAA0AABA8f8CADQAAAAGAE4AbwByAG0AYQBsAAAA AgAAABQAQ0oYAE9KAwBRSgMAa0jkBG1ICQQAAAAANgADQAEAAgA2AAAACQBIAGUA YQBkAGkAbgBnACAAMwAAAA0AAwAGJAETpPAAFKQ8AAADADUIgQAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAA8AEFA8v+hADwAAAAWAEQAZQBmAGEAdQBsAHQAIABQAGEAcgBhAGcAcgBhAHAA aAAgAEYAbwBuAHQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPgD+TwEA8gA+AAAACwBQAHIAbwBnAHIA YQBtAEIAbwBkAHkAAAAKAA8ADcYFAAGsJgIMAE9KAwBRSgMAa0jkBCwAH0ABAAIB LAAAAAYASABlAGEAZABlAHIAAAANABAADcYIAALgEMAhAQIAAAAsACBAAQASASwA AAAGAEYAbwBvAHQAZQByAAAADQARAA3GCAAC4BDAIQECAAAAAAAAAJA6AAAHAACS AAAAAP////8AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA PQAAAD0AAAA9AAAAQAAAAAAEAACQPgAAPQAAAAAEAAB2EAAAjB4AAIkqAAC7MwAA /DMAAIM1AABfOAAAkD4AAD4AAABAAAAAQQAAAEMAAABEAAAARQAAAEYAAABIAAAA AAQAAEQpAABfOAAAkD4AAD8AAABCAAAARwAAAAAAAAC6CwAAwgsAADoOAABFDgAA 2RQAAN4UAABbFQAAYRUAAIodAACSHQAACB4AABAeAAAqKQAALykAAHEpAAB6KQAA QysAAFQrAADBLgAAwi4AANsvAADgLwAA9C8AAPovAAAbMAAAITAAAC0wAAA0MAAA czAAAHswAACiMAAAqjAAAA80AAAUNAAAZjQAAG40AACINwAAkDcAADI4AAA4OAAA azgAAHM4AACvOAAAtzgAAO44AAD2OAAAgzkAAIk5AABROgAAjjoAAJE6AAAHABwA BwAcAAcAHAAHABwABwAcAAcAHAAHABwABwAcAAcAHAAHABwABwAcAAcAHAAHABwA BwAcAAcAHAAHABwABwAcAAcAHAAHABwABwAcAAcAHAAHABwABwAcAAcAHAAHAAcA AgAAAAAARgMAAEsDAAAABAAABQQAABgFAAAkBQAATAgAAH0IAAAOCgAAEgoAAI4L AACWCwAA7gsAAP0LAAAoDQAAMA0AACIOAAArDgAAng4AAKQOAABfEQAAZREAAI4R AACUEQAAOhQAAEcUAABHFQAAVBUAADcYAABUGAAAAhkAABQZAAAWGQAAGhkAADUZ AAA5GQAARBkAAIsaAAAPGwAAFBsAAGsbAABuGwAAfxsAAIIbAAAXHAAAGxwAAN0c AAAHHQAAeR0AAHsdAAD2HQAA+B0AAJweAAD8HwAAYCAAAGEgAAC+IAAAwiAAAMwg AADRIAAAaCIAAIcjAABWLQAAWC0AAN4uAADmLgAAkDEAAJQxAAAGNAAACTQAABY0 AAAaNAAAQjQAAFE0AAAMNQAAETUAAC01AAA4NQAAQDcAAEk3AABAOAAASTgAACk5 AAAyOQAAHzoAAC46AABROgAAjjoAAJE6AAAHABoABwAaAAcAGgAHABoABwAaAAcA GgAHABoABwAaAAcAGgAHABoABwAaAAcAGgAHABoABwAaAAcAGgAHABoABwAaAAcA GgAHABoABwAaAAcAGgAHABoABwAaAAcAGgAHABoABwAaAAcAGgAHABoABwAaAAcA GgAHABoABwAaAAcAGgAHABoABwAaAAcAGgAHABoABwAaAAcAGgAHABoABwAaAAcA GgAHABoABwAHAAIA//8MAAAACwBHAGUAbgBlACAATQB1AHIAcgBvAHcAGABDADoA XABXAEkATgBXAE8AUgBEAFwARABMAFQAXABDAEgAQQBQADUALgBEAE8AQwALAEcA ZQBuAGUAIABNAHUAcgByAG8AdwAkAEMAOgBcAFAARQBSAFMATwBOAEEATABcAEUA RABMAFQASQBNAFwARABMAFQAQgBPAE8ASwBcAEMASABBAFAANQAuAEQATwBDAAsA RwBlAG4AZQAgAE0AdQByAHIAbwB3ACQAQwA6AFwAUABFAFIAUwBPAE4AQQBMAFwA RQBEAEwAVABJAE0AXABEAEwAVABCAE8ATwBLAFwAQwBIAEEAUAA1AC4ARABPAEMA CwBHAGUAbgBlACAATQB1AHIAcgBvAHcAGQBDADoAXABQAGUAcgBzAG8AbgBhAGwA XABkAGwAdABcAEMASABBAFAANQAuAEQATwBDAAsARwBlAG4AZQAgAE0AdQByAHIA bwB3ABkAQwA6AFwAUABlAHIAcwBvAG4AYQBsAFwAZABsAHQAXABDAEgAQQBQADUA LgBEAE8AQwALAEcAZQBuAGUAIABNAHUAcgByAG8AdwAdAEMAOgBcAE0AeQAgAEQA bwBjAHUAbQBlAG4AdABzAFwAZABsAHQAXABDAEgAQQBQADUALgBEAE8AQwABAP7/ /////////w//D/8P/w//D/8P/w//D/8PAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAQAqAAEAAAD+////AAAAAJz6dQABAAAA/////6j6dQBgAGMAAQAAABdA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABoAQAACwgAAA+EaAERhJj+T0oBAFFKAQBvKAABAKjw//8B AAAAAAD/QEhQIExhc2VySmV0IDQvNE0gUG9zdFNjcmlwdABMUFQxOgBQU0NSSVBU AEhQIExhc2VySmV0IDQvNE0gUG9zdFNjcmlwdABIUCBMYXNlckpldCA0LzRNIFBv c3RTY3JpcHQAAAAAAAAEAwSUALgCH2cAAAEAAQDqCm8IZAABAAcAWAIBAAEAWAIC AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAgAAADAEgAAyBkA AAEAAAAAAAAAAQAAAAIAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA8+su7DccuKIfwAIAAQAB AAAAAAABAAAAAAACAAIAAQBSAwAAwgEAAAAAAAAAAGQAAAAAAAAA//8AAP//AAD/ /wAA//8AAP//AAD//wAA//8AAP//AQD//wEA//8AAP//AAD//wAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAD//0N1c3RvbSBwYWdlIDEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAJBCAACQQgAAAAAAAEN1c3RvbSBwYWdl IDIAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAJBCAACQQgAAAAAAAEN1c3RvbSBwYWdlIDMAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAJBCAACQQgAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAASFAgTGFzZXJKZXQgNC80TSBQb3N0U2NyaXB0AAAAAAAABAMElAC4 Ah9nAAABAAEA6gpvCGQAAQAHAFgCAQABAFgCAgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAIAAAAwBIAAMgZAAABAAAAAAAAAAEAAAACAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAPPrLuw3HLiiH8ACAAEAAQAAAAAAAQAAAAAAAgACAAEAUgMA AMIBAAAAAAAAAABkAAAAAAAAAP//AAD//wAA//8AAP//AAD//wAA//8AAP//AAD/ /wEA//8BAP//AAD//wAA//8AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA//9DdXN0b20gcGFnZSAx AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAACQQgAAkEIAAAAAAABDdXN0b20gcGFnZSAyAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACQQgAAkEIAAAAAAABD dXN0b20gcGFnZSAzAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACQQgAAkEIAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAGAAQDtKwAA7SsA ANQpkwABAAEA7SsAAAAAAADsKwAAAAAAAAIQAAAAAAAAAJA6AABwAAAIAEAAAAQA AABHFpABAAACAgYDBQQFAgMEAwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEAAAAAAAAAVABpAG0A ZQBzACAATgBlAHcAIABSAG8AbQBhAG4AAAA1FpABAgAFBQECAQcGAgUHAAAAAAAA ABAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAIAAAAAAUwB5AG0AYgBvAGwAAAAzJpABAAACCwYEAgICAgIE AwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEAAAAAAAAAQQByAGkAYQBsAAAAORaQAQAAAgIEBAMD AQEIA4cCAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACfAAAAAAAAAEcAYQByAGEAbQBvAG4AZAAAACIA BABBCIgYAADQAgAAaAEAAAAAwVr3RQfcK6YF3CumFgBZAQAAbwgAABYwAAABABgA AAAEAIMQZgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAQABAAAAAQAAAAAAAADUIwAAAIQAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAClBsAHtAC0AIAAMjAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA07AAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAgAAAAAA//8SAAAAAAAbAEMAOgBcAFcASQBOAFcATwBSAEQA XABUAEUATQBQAEwAQQBUAEUAXABEAEwAVAAuAEQATwBUAC4ANQAuACAAVwBvAHIA awBpAG4AZwAgAHcAaQB0AGgAIABNAHUAcwBpAGMAaQBhAG4AcwAgAC8AIABQAGwA YQBuAG4AaQBuAGcAIABhACAAUAByAG8AZwByAGEAbQAAAAAAAAALAEcAZQBuAGUA IABNAHUAcgByAG8AdwALAEcAZQBuAGUAIABNAHUAcgByAG8AdwAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD+/wAABAACAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAABAAAA4IWf8vlPaBCrkQgAKyez2TAAAACsAQAAEgAAAAEAAACYAAAA AgAAAKAAAAADAAAA2AAAAAQAAADkAAAABQAAAPgAAAAGAAAABAEAAAcAAAAQAQAA CAAAACABAAAJAAAANAEAABIAAABAAQAACgAAAFwBAAALAAAAaAEAAAwAAAB0AQAA DQAAAIABAAAOAAAAjAEAAA8AAACUAQAAEAAAAJwBAAATAAAApAEAAAIAAADkBAAA HgAAAC8AAAA1LiBXb3JraW5nIHdpdGggTXVzaWNpYW5zIC8gUGxhbm5pbmcgYSBQ cm9ncmFtADAeAAAAAQAAAAAuIFceAAAADAAAAEdlbmUgTXVycm93AB4AAAABAAAA AGVuZR4AAAABAAAAAGVuZR4AAAAIAAAARGx0LmRvdAAeAAAADAAAAEdlbmUgTXVy cm93AB4AAAADAAAAMjIAZR4AAAATAAAATWljcm9zb2Z0IFdvcmQgOC4wAGlAAAAA AFYpMjAAAABAAAAAACYemEkavgFAAAAAAMYRhKdPugFAAAAAALKk30kavgEDAAAA AQAAAAMAAABvCAAAAwAAABYwAAADAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA /v8AAAQAAgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAgAAAALVzdWcLhsQk5cIACss+a5EAAAA BdXN1ZwuGxCTlwgAKyz5roQBAABAAQAADQAAAAEAAABwAAAADwAAAHgAAAAEAAAA nAAAAAUAAACkAAAABgAAAKwAAAARAAAAtAAAABcAAAC8AAAACwAAAMQAAAAQAAAA zAAAABMAAADUAAAAFgAAANwAAAANAAAA5AAAAAwAAAAfAQAAAgAAAOQEAAAeAAAA GwAAAENvbnN0cnVjdGl2ZSBTeXN0ZW1zIENvcnAuAAADAAAAAHQAAAMAAABmAAAA AwAAABgAAAADAAAADTsAAAMAAADoEAgACwAAAAAAAAALAAAAAAAAAAsAAAAAAAAA CwAAAAAAAAAeEAAAAQAAAC8AAAA1LiBXb3JraW5nIHdpdGggTXVzaWNpYW5zIC8g UGxhbm5pbmcgYSBQcm9ncmFtAAwQAAACAAAAHgAAAAYAAABUaXRsZQADAAAAAQAA AAAAAJgAAAADAAAAAAAAACAAAAABAAAANgAAAAIAAAA+AAAAAQAAAAIAAAAKAAAA X1BJRF9HVUlEAAIAAADkBAAAQQAAAE4AAAB7ADEAQQBDADkANQAwAEEAMQAtADgA NgAxADIALQAxADEARAAyAC0AOQBFADYAQgAtADAAMAAwADAAOAA2ADEANAA4AEYA QgBDAH0AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEAAAACAAAAAwAAAAQAAAAFAAAABgAAAAcAAAAIAAAA CQAAAAoAAAALAAAADAAAAA0AAAAOAAAADwAAABAAAAARAAAAEgAAABMAAAAUAAAA FQAAABYAAAAXAAAAGAAAABkAAAAaAAAAGwAAABwAAAAdAAAAHgAAAB8AAAAgAAAA IQAAACIAAAAjAAAAJAAAACUAAAAmAAAAJwAAACgAAAApAAAAKgAAACsAAAAsAAAA LQAAAC4AAAAvAAAAMAAAADEAAAAyAAAAMwAAADQAAAA1AAAANgAAADcAAAA4AAAA OQAAADoAAAA7AAAAPAAAAD0AAAA+AAAAPwAAAEAAAABBAAAAQgAAAEMAAABEAAAA RQAAAEYAAABHAAAASAAAAEkAAAD+////SwAAAEwAAABNAAAATgAAAE8AAABQAAAA UQAAAFIAAABTAAAA/v///1UAAABWAAAAVwAAAFgAAABZAAAAWgAAAFsAAAD+//// XQAAAF4AAABfAAAAYAAAAGEAAABiAAAAYwAAAP7////9////ZgAAAP7////+//// /v////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// UgBvAG8AdAAgAEUAbgB0AHIAeQAAAP////////////////////////////////// /////////////////////xYABQH//////////wMAAAAGCQIAAAAAAMAAAAAAAABG AAAAAECXvHbR9rwBoHKc5kkavgFoAAAAgAAAAP////8xAFQAYQBiAGwAZQAAAP// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// DgACAf////8FAAAA//////////////////////////////////////////////// /////0oAAAD6EgAA/////1cAbwByAGQARABvAGMAdQBtAGUAbgB0AAAA//////// //////////////////////////////////////////8aAAIBAQAAAP////////// ////////////////////////////////////////////////AAAAADCSAAD///// BQBTAHUAbQBtAGEAcgB5AEkAbgBmAG8AcgBtAGEAdABpAG8AbgAAAP////////// /////////////////////ygAAgECAAAABAAAAP////8AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABUAAAAABAAAAAAAAAFAEQAbwBjAHUAbQBlAG4A dABTAHUAbQBtAGEAcgB5AEkAbgBmAG8AcgBtAGEAdABpAG8AbgAAAAAAAAAAAAAA OAACAf///////////////wAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAFwAAAAAEAAAAAAAAAEAQwBvAG0AcABPAGIAagAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAASAAIA//////////////// AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAGoAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAD///////////////8AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAP///////////////wAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEAAAD+//////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// AQD+/wMKAAD/////BgkCAAAAAADAAAAAAAAARhgAAABNaWNyb3NvZnQgV29yZCBE b2N1bWVudAAKAAAATVNXb3JkRG9jABAAAABXb3JkLkRvY3VtZW50LjgA9DmycQAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA= --Boundary_(ID_x5v3ZjSbg+qoz6XN8qqNrg)-- ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sun, 05 Sep 1999 11:54:25 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sun, 05 Sep 1999 11:58:58 -0700 From: Heyer Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Welsh Country Dance in SF Bay Area? To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <01bef7d0$b5974300$d3edadce-AT- default> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Dear Martin, The only information I have to go on is from the thread in the ECD archive (started Dec. 16, 1997, and going into January 98), and it sounds as if Welsh dancing may have had the same relationship to ECD as Scottish does to ECD -- similar kinds of dances, different style (I know almost nothing about Scottish dance, by the way, so if there are any other differences, someone please correct me). As I understand it, the Methodists pretty much stamped out Welsh country dancing in the 1800s, but the Welsh Folk Dance Society has managed to piece together a repertoire from a number of sources. These would be: Twmpath dances (barn dances) Fair dances (more complex competition dances done by teams) Playford dances with Welsh names (done in the "Welsh" style, wherever they got that from) some Pat Shaw dances Their Fair dances seem to come from two sources: a letter written in 1784 by William Jones, describing 3 Llangadfan Fair dances in detail; and 9 other Fair dances remembered by Mrs. Margretta Thomas of Nantgarw, dating from the 1880s. One other actual traditional source is the Llanover Reel, which was danced by the household of Lady Llanover up until 1887. So it sounds like a situation where the English have hundreds of dances from traditional or historical sources, and the Scots have hundreds of dances from traditional or historical sources, and the Welsh have 13. The thread in the ECD archive mentioned two dance instructors "certified" by the Welsh Folk Dance Society: one was S. Frick of Newark, Delaware, and the other was Mavis Williams, who lives in Swansea and came to Pinewoods to teach many years ago. S. Frick (who supplied all of the information above) also said that the Welsh Folk Dance Society has a videotape showing 12 traditional dances being danced (probably by competition teams; it sounded from her description of the Welsh dance scene that most of the action in Wales is with these teams who compete with each other at fairs and such). Who put out the CD you found? Marian Phillips San Francisco ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sun, 05 Sep 1999 14:18:55 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sun, 05 Sep 1999 17:11:25 -0400 From: Mary Beth Goodman Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Dance Camp, Campers & Classes To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT English Week at Pinewoods and some discussions that happened there got me thinking about dance camp, classes and campers/students. Let me preface my ramblings by saying that none of what follows is meant as a criticism of English Week at Pinewoods (past or present) or any program of CDSS! What are the advantages and disadvantages of classes that are graded by experience level of the students? How does the class giver ensure the correct placement of students? How is a student given to know what skills are needed in a particular class? Thinking about these questions led me to consider presenting classes where the subject matter was "graded" rather than the students, but that still left the question of placing the right student in the right learning situation. While I was rolling that around in my head, I began to see the larger question looming - what is the purpose/goal of (the organization) offering the classes and how does it compare with the purpose/goal of the students? For instance, one general purpose of the organization might be to offer popular classes thereby increasing overall enrollment. That's very valid, especially if it means you can pay the bills while meeting other goals! Specifically though, what is the purpose of offering graded classes (beginning, intermediate, experienced)? * To bring everyone up to a certain skill level? * To present material that will be within the ability of each level? Or to present material that is slightly challenging to each level? What are possible goals of "experienced" dancer level classes? * To allow very accomplished dancers the opportunity to do little done or little known dances which are outside the abilities of most weekly/monthly dance settings? * To introduce less well-known dances to dance leaders, hoping they'll work their way into the repetoire? * To maintain infrequently done dances as part of the general consciousness of the dance population? * To introduce new dances and choreographers to dance leaders for dispersal to dance communities? As I went on pondering about this, I started thinking about the dances themselves. Most "hard" dances are not hard solely because of the figures involved. Most dances use a slim core of movements, and most of these are easily taught and learned. What then makes these dances more difficult to dance? The "hard" dances may have a unique combination of figures - a sequence of movements not found commonly in other dances. Or they may be unforgiving in the arrangement of their figures - no recovery time built in to the sequence of figures. They may be difficult in the progression of dancers perhaps because of how everyone's moving at critical points in the dance. I throw this in because I think it would be impossible to say - "you must be able to do all of these figures" as a requirement for an "experienced" level class. On the other end of the graded class spectrum, what goals are being set in beginning level classes for learning the figures and styling associated with English Country Dance? And what is the purpose of intermediate classes? I don't pretend to have answers for all these questions! And these questions could fit many non-dance class/workshop settings with minor changes of terminology. Perhaps classes at dance camps are not set up with particular goals in mind and perhaps people who go to them don't have particular goals either. What I observe, however, is some dissatisfaction in different factions and some problems. Experienced dancers shake their heads and mutter about other students/dancers who aren't able to do the dances well (by their standards) or keep up with the speed of the teaching. Some people feel that they are held back by others who can't keep up or whose confusion creates confusion for others. Other dancers, who are able to learn the dances at the pace they're taught, may still feel rather pushed around by the dancers who already know the dances. I think most people would agree that "experienced" isn't intended to mean how many years one has been dancing, but in the absence of hard criteria and some mechanism of placement, it can come to mean just that. Meanwhile, people don't go to "beginning" or even "intermediate" classes because they see them as below their skill level (true or not). Those classes are often lacking in attendance which makes them harder to run (can't do square formations if you only have 6 or 10 people in the class for instance). It also sends a possible, albeit unintended, message that if you're in that class you're in a dinky and somehow inferior minority. (Note that these people paid the same money that everyone else did to attend!) The one time I witnessed a situation where people were assigned to classes, there was much muttering and some yowling! Most of this came from people who were placed in the intermediate classes. Surely this was a mistake because they should be in the advanced class! Meanwhile the beginners class (which I was in, btw) had the apparently normal 10-12 people - nowhere near a third or even a quarter of the camp population! One might say that we plunk our money and vacation time down to go to dance camp in order to have fun! That might relieve the pressure of developing goals for each class, but still begs the question of why "experienced" level classes vs "beginning" level classes are offered. Why not have one or two hour dances during the day then, perhaps on a particular theme, and do away with the notion of classes altogether? *My* purpose for writing about this is to ask - what other models are there or could there be for creating goals for dance classes and for organizing students? I will repeat that none of this is meant as a criticism of anyone's class or of CDSS's programs! My own experience with dance camps is limited to CDSS's English week at Pinewoods (with a week of Eng/American years ago). Also, I hope any resulting discussion won't fall into general grumbling about people taking the "wrong" class! I'd love to hear about other workshop-centered settings and from other "campers" as well as organizers! Mary Beth Goodman <--feet up! ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sun, 05 Sep 1999 17:28:09 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sun, 05 Sep 1999 20:26:17 -0400 From: Gene Murrow Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Oops! An apology. To: "INTERNET:ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.Stanford.EDU" Message-ID: <199909052026_MC2-83BA-A2AF-AT- compuserve.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT My apologies to the ECD list subscribers for accidentally posting a note (with long formatted attachment no less-- a real no-no!) intended for John Patcai directly. I'd appreciate it if folks would not further duplicate or disseminate the attachment, a chapter from a resource book I've written, without checking with me first. Thanks. Gene Murrow ECD Dancer, Caller, and Musician still asleep at the switch after English Week at Pinewoods.. ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sun, 05 Sep 1999 18:51:44 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sun, 05 Sep 1999 20:49:13 -0500 From: Dianna Shipman Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Dance Camp, Campers & Classes To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <004801bef80a$6fa1f900$82e1490c-AT- pavilion> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT References: Most of my experience has been with Scottish country dancing but many of the same issues occur there. Some random thoughts: - too often assigning people to graded classes becomes based on a subjective standard set by the teacher (where personalities and teacher goals - which are not always the same as that of attendees - become the norm) - this causes friction and can lead to fierce infighting if you have two dancers of equal ability and one is put in intermediate and one in advanced (for example because the teacher wants to train dancers for demos and one dancer owns a kilt and the other doesn't) - at the very least standards should be clearly stated in writing and in detail - anyone who feels discontented should have the opportunity first to discuss it with the teacher (or whoever is making the decision ) and if still dissatisfied should be able to have their complaint considered by an objective process - consensus of other dancers attending or who are members etc. - personally I'm more interested in the social aspect in the sense of "community" (everyone meeting everyone and dancing together) than in development of dance skills per se. What I've tried that seems to work reasonably well (realizing there are no perfect solutions and you'll never please everyone) - is to alternate easy dances with more difficult dances - asking that the new dancers watch first the non-easy dances - then we'll put them on a second time for anyone who was watching who wants to try them - this satisfies the advanced dancers who get to dance it with other advanced dancers - it satisfies the newer dancers since if after they watch it they can try it (and most experienced dancers are then OK about repeating it with a less experienced dancer and since it's a dance they like they enjoy getting to do it again) - it also allows all the dancers to get to know one another and the new dancers to have a chance to dance with experienced dancers (one of the best ways to learn in my opinion). - also if you divide on skill levels - you wind up with subgroups (which is not much help if you're trying to develop leadership in the group - newer dancers may contain many good potential leaders for the future) - there's always also the problem of the dancer who always thinks he/she is better than they are - I would find it more helpful to have a detailed description of the class plan including dances and figures to be taught and for each class other than a beginning class to have a qualification time (with the procedure explained ahead of time) when each figure is announced and have it danced and those who can't do it are then automatically assigned to the lower level class - but this should be followed regardless of WHO it is - since another problem is advanced dancers who have danced for many years but whose skills slide for whatever - beginner, intermediate and advanced sound too much like grade school and different terminology might help - perhaps by rating both figures and dances by difficulty levels and having Class 1 with certain basic figures/ dances etc. - - borrowing from other traditions - dancers could be given a certificate upon successfully completing each additional level of proficiency - with the certificate good for a certain number of years - and then having to be recertified - and then state which certificate level is needed for each class - again with a process for handling complaints (to avoid anyone getting powerful enough to issue certificates for subjective reasons - i.e. to their own friends and not to those they dislike for whatever reason) Dianna Dianna L. Shipman diannashipman-AT- worldnet.att.net Dianna L. Shipman, P.C., Attorney at Law 1436 W.Gray, #134 Houston, TX 77019-4946 web page: http://home.att.net/~diannashipman phone: 713-522-1212 ----- Original Message ----- From: Mary Beth Goodman To: Sent: Sunday, September 05, 1999 4:11 PM Subject: Dance Camp, Campers & Classes > English Week at Pinewoods and some discussions that happened there > got me thinking about dance camp, classes and campers/students. Let > me preface my ramblings by saying that none of what follows is meant > as a criticism of English Week at Pinewoods (past or present) or any > program of CDSS! > > What are the advantages and disadvantages of classes that are graded > by experience level of the students? How does the class giver ensure > the correct placement of students? How is a student given to know > what skills are needed in a particular class? > > Thinking about these questions led me to consider presenting classes > where the subject matter was "graded" rather than the students, but > that still left the question of placing the right student in the > right learning situation. > > While I was rolling that around in my head, I began to see the larger > question looming - what is the purpose/goal of (the organization) > offering the classes and how does it compare with the purpose/goal of > the students? > > For instance, one general purpose of the organization might be to > offer popular classes thereby increasing overall enrollment. That's > very valid, especially if it means you can pay the bills while > meeting other goals! > > Specifically though, what is the purpose of offering graded classes > (beginning, intermediate, experienced)? > > * To bring everyone up to a certain skill level? > > * To present material that will be within the ability of each level? > Or to present material that is slightly challenging to each level? > > What are possible goals of "experienced" dancer level classes? > > * To allow very accomplished dancers the opportunity to do little > done or little known dances which are outside the abilities of most > weekly/monthly dance settings? > > * To introduce less well-known dances to dance leaders, hoping > they'll work their way into the repetoire? > > * To maintain infrequently done dances as part of the general > consciousness of the dance population? > > * To introduce new dances and choreographers to dance leaders for > dispersal to dance communities? > > As I went on pondering about this, I started thinking about the > dances themselves. Most "hard" dances are not hard solely because of > the figures involved. Most dances use a slim core of movements, and > most of these are easily taught and learned. What then makes these > dances more difficult to dance? > > The "hard" dances may have a unique combination of figures - a > sequence of movements not found commonly in other dances. Or they > may be unforgiving in the arrangement of their figures - no recovery > time built in to the sequence of figures. They may be difficult in > the progression of dancers perhaps because of how everyone's moving > at critical points in the dance. > > I throw this in because I think it would be impossible to say - "you > must be able to do all of these figures" as a requirement for an > "experienced" level class. > > On the other end of the graded class spectrum, what goals are being > set in beginning level classes for learning the figures and styling > associated with English Country Dance? And what is the purpose of > intermediate classes? > > I don't pretend to have answers for all these questions! And these > questions could fit many non-dance class/workshop settings with minor > changes of terminology. Perhaps classes at dance camps are not set up > with particular goals in mind and perhaps people who go to them don't > have particular goals either. > > What I observe, however, is some dissatisfaction in different > factions and some problems. > > Experienced dancers shake their heads and mutter about other > students/dancers who aren't able to do the dances well (by their > standards) or keep up with the speed of the teaching. Some people > feel that they are held back by others who can't keep up or whose > confusion creates confusion for others. Other dancers, who are able > to learn the dances at the pace they're taught, may still feel rather > pushed around by the dancers who already know the dances. > > I think most people would agree that "experienced" isn't intended to > mean how many years one has been dancing, but in the absence of hard > criteria and some mechanism of placement, it can come to mean just > that. > > Meanwhile, people don't go to "beginning" or even "intermediate" > classes because they see them as below their skill level (true or > not). Those classes are often lacking in attendance which makes them > harder to run (can't do square formations if you only have 6 or 10 > people in the class for instance). It also sends a possible, albeit > unintended, message that if you're in that class you're in a dinky > and somehow inferior minority. (Note that these people paid the same > money that everyone else did to attend!) > > The one time I witnessed a situation where people were assigned to > classes, there was much muttering and some yowling! Most of this > came from people who were placed in the intermediate classes. Surely > this was a mistake because they should be in the advanced class! > Meanwhile the beginners class (which I was in, btw) had the > apparently normal 10-12 people - nowhere near a third or even a > quarter of the camp population! > > One might say that we plunk our money and vacation time down to go to > dance camp in order to have fun! That might relieve the pressure of > developing goals for each class, but still begs the question of why > "experienced" level classes vs "beginning" level classes are offered. > Why not have one or two hour dances during the day then, perhaps on > a particular theme, and do away with the notion of classes altogether? > > *My* purpose for writing about this is to ask - what other models are > there or could there be for creating goals for dance classes and for > organizing students? > > I will repeat that none of this is meant as a criticism of anyone's > class or of CDSS's programs! My own experience with dance camps is > limited to CDSS's English week at Pinewoods (with a week of > Eng/American years ago). Also, I hope any resulting discussion won't > fall into general grumbling about people taking the "wrong" class! > > I'd love to hear about other workshop-centered settings and from > other "campers" as well as organizers! > > Mary Beth Goodman <--feet up! > ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sun, 05 Sep 1999 20:29:06 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sun, 05 Sep 1999 22:39:39 +0000 From: Mary E Jones Subject: Re: Oops! An apology. To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Message-ID: <37D2F12A.1096-AT- javanet.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT References: <199909052026_MC2-83BA-A2AF-AT- compuserve.com> Gene Murrow wrote: > I'd appreciate it if folks would not further duplicate or disseminate the > attachment, a chapter from a resource book I've written, without checking > with me first. Gene - Your secret is safe with me (and lots of others on this list who could not open the attachment)--but is this resource book only available to those who've taken your class or is it for sale to the not-so-general public? Inquiring minds (albeit weary bodies) want to know... Mary (Too Tired To Be Funny Except In The Figurative Sense) Jones Amherst, MA ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Mon, 06 Sep 1999 07:32:52 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Mon, 06 Sep 1999 09:42:15 -0400 (EDT) From: "Priscilla M. Burrage" Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Dance Camp, Campers & Classes To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT On Sun, 5 Sep 1999, Mary Beth Goodman wrote: > What are the advantages and disadvantages of classes that are graded > by experience level of the students? How does the class giver ensure > the correct placement of students? How is a student given to know > what skills are needed in a particular class? > . . . what is the purpose/goal of (the organization) > offering the classes and how does it compare with the purpose/goal of > the students? Why don't you think of these questions from the point of view of the dancer (learner, attendee)? It doesn't matter what you are teaching, if the learner an adult, the learner is an adult learner. That learner will come to a class, a dance, a social occasion with specific purposes. Your job as a teacher, facilitator of learning, or organization, is to find out what the learner wants to learn and then help the learner to achieve his/her learning.* Perhaps the first step is to start planning "your" classes differently. The first step is to say to yourself, "It's THEIR class." Changes what you teach and how. And how you label the class. Or sort people out between classes. Whoops, my soapbox broke. PS The * is because I was reminded of my experience while taking a course towards my M Ed in Adult Learning: We all sat in a circle, teacher included. Teacher didn't introduce himself, but was made obvious by the large pile of books by his chair. Nothing happened. We sat there. Finally one of the students turned to him and said in an exasperated tone of voice, "What are you going to teach us?" He replied, "What do you want to learn?" It's a great story for a teacher to remember when planning a class. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Priscilla Burrage Vermont US (pburrage-AT- zoo.uvm.edu) ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Mon, 06 Sep 1999 08:21:19 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Mon, 06 Sep 1999 11:20:37 -0400 (EDT) From: DavBarnert-AT- aol.com Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Email address, please.. To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT For those who missed the beginning: Hanny Budnick posted a request on the list for the e-mail address of a certain dancer. Two people replied on the list with the requested information. Perhaps many more responded off-list. S2LINEN-AT- aol.com then responded with: >please consider others privacy >please do not give out over this site others addresses, email >addresses phone# etc. >please mail that specific info directly to that person Hanny and Lyrl both criticized this point of view, saying (my own paraphrase) that since many of us sign our e-mails and this forum is limited to subscribers, why the fuss? I have to say that I agree with S2LINEN-AT- aol.com (I think I know who it is, but I'm not saying...) That many sign their names to their posts does not imply that all would like their addresses broadcast. Anyone (not just subscribers) may search the archives, and many of us have met people dancing that we would rather not hear from by e-mail. The answer to Hanny's original question was not one of general interest. It should have been answered off-list. Of course, as Gene so articulately demonstrated today, intended private communication sometimes accidentally finds its way onto lists. Can't be helped. ______ /\/\/\/\ <______> | | | | | David Barnert <______> | | | | | <______> | | | | | Albany, N.Y. <______> \/\/\/\/ Ventilator Concertina Bellows Bellows (Vocation) (Avocation) ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Mon, 06 Sep 1999 08:30:07 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Mon, 06 Sep 1999 07:14:06 +0000 From: Stephanie Judy/David Stewart Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Back from Pinewoods To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <3.0.3.16.19990906071406.373fbdf2-AT- wkpowerlink.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT At 07:00 09/06/99 -0800, Mary Beth Goodman wrote: >I'd love to hear about other workshop-centered settings and from >other "campers" as well as organizers! Mary Beth--We run a chamber music retreat that attracts a range of abilities. We try to make it very clear in our brochure and "first contact" materials that more experienced players are expected to help less experienced players. During the week, most of the ensembles we organize are mixed levels--some experienced and some inexperienced players in each group. We actively try to *discourage* very experienced people from attending if they only want to play advanced repertoire with other experienced players. It's not that we disapprove of this activity, but we feel that those opportunities are available elsewhere, and we have made a conscious decision to follow a different model. Some chamber music players are very happy helping their less experienced colleagues, and some consider it a bore. We cater to the former. I don't know if this would be applicable to a dance camp or not (though I think many experienced dancers certainly help the less experienced at dances all through the year). However, it works for us in a camp setting. Stephanie Judy Argenta, B.C. ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Mon, 06 Sep 1999 12:14:50 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Mon, 06 Sep 1999 12:50:11 -0400 From: catdancer-AT- juno.com Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Dance Camp, Campers & Classes To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <19990906.150637.-72599.4.catdancer-AT- juno.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Mary Beth's insights have left us much to ponder. I personally prefer a graded method of classes, to encourage beginner students and to allow experienced folks to dance at their level. In the past few years I have twice found myself a beginner in a class of experienced dancers. One was a Beginner Morris class which was filled with Morris dancers who wanted to learn a new tradition. I found myself sinking a few times, but stuck it out because I knew I had every right to be there. Had the course been billed as anything other than beginner level, I would have dropped out and missed a thrilling experience. The second time I found myself in this position, the course was not identified by level. However, the instructor wanted to teach an experienced class (or so it seemed) and frightened away most of the beginners. In this case it would have been helpful to have the class billed as Advanced so the rest of us would not have wasted our efforts while holding back the rest of the class. The term "Advanced" gives me the impression that I'll be able to dance in that class without care. Too many times I have found myself in a position of having to direct or teach dance (not specifically ECD) when I don't consider myself an instructor. The idea of going to a workshop merely to DANCE is an exciting prospect. Having said that, I have been dancing English country for roughly five years, and went off to Pinewoods with full intention of taking Gene's Advanced class. Yet, I found myself in Bob Archer's Intermediate class Sunday morning. I headed in that direction because Bob had said he intended to teach dance technique. What a great thing! His class was FUN, lively and very informative. Frankly, with no intended offense to anyone, he taught things that nearly all of us could use, regardless of level. Yet some people specifically said they did not belong in that class because it was "Intermediate"!! What a shame! The "Intermediate" label should not keep people away (although in this case, Gene's "Advanced" class was also draw). I wonder what would have happened if the two classes had not been offered at the same time...Or if English week were extended to two weeks...:-) Helen Tuzio (sore but smiling) New York ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Mon, 06 Sep 1999 13:47:33 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Mon, 06 Sep 1999 16:47:19 -0400 (EDT) From: "Priscilla M. Burrage" Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Welsh Country Dance? To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT I started folk dancing in the 1950s. At that time one of my Scottish and general folk dance teachers was Hugh Thurston, who wrote 'Scotland's Dances,' a companion to Douglas Kennedy's book. He had a copy of the only Welsh dance published at the time. The dancers who did this dance used the English country dance style of the 1950s to do the dance. It's sad when a social art form is squelched by the cuurent mores. For example, Scottish dancing really get started until the 18th century because John Knox's influence beat John Playford's ppublications to Scotland by at least a half century. Fortunately, the highlanders kept to themselves and continues their dancing. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Priscilla Burrage Vermont US (pburrage-AT- zoo.uvm.edu) ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Mon, 06 Sep 1999 17:12:48 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Mon, 06 Sep 1999 23:29:38 +0100 From: Trevor Monson Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Welsh Country Dance To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <001201bef8b7$500103e0$1e998cd4-AT- trevormo> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT I hope this gets through to ECD, as, for the last 2-3 weeks my wonderful Email provider has decided to bounce all messages from the mailing list for some strange reason. Anyway, having downloaded the archive and seeing discussion on Welsh Folk Dancing may I add the following comments? 1) Sorry Marrian, I have taught Welsh Folk Dancing (at places like Whitby & Sidmouth Folk Festivals) but as I now live in Yorkshire (again) I guess I'm not close enough! 2) Cwmdeithas Ddawns Werin Cymru (Welsh Folk Dance Society) now have a website at welshfolkdance.org.uk The site is bi-lingual, and lists all the publications it has for sale, ranging from leaflets, books and music through to tapes, C.Ds and a video (with a 2nd almost ready to published I have heard). 3) I feel I may be able to give some comments on Welsh dance as, although being a Yorkshireman, I lived for almost 20 years in South Wales, dancing with such display teams as Cardiff University, Swansea University (who poached me to make up their team for a tour of the States in 1970), Cardiff Folk Dancers and Dawnswyr Nantgarw (which kept changing its name from one unpronounceable name to another each time it changed practice venues!). 4) My understanding/thoughts on Welsh dance (and these are my own personal feelings) are:- a) Most of the wording of the dances could give the same impression that they are English dance style. However, when danced, they are a completely different style which is not explained in any notation - this can only be seen and felt. Obviously the music is different, which gives rise to the step danced lots of the time being a low smooth running step as a 1 2 3 hop (as opposed to the English hop 1 2 3). This step is continued most of the time, even when waiting on the spot, so the dancers hardly ever stop dancing. Often, at the end of a phrase, 3 "heel steps" are often done to suit the phrasing, which I haven't seen in ECD. Welsh dancers are also more exuberant with their hand movements, and there are other differences in style too numerous to detail here. b) Twmpath dances are the same as our Barn Dances/Ceilidh dances/Village hops or whatever you want to call them. The other dances described by Marian Phillips are the dances that tend to be done by display teams or Welsh dance enthusiasts. These are danced as display at fetes etc., but do not forget the Eisteddfods - especially the National Eisteddfod (as opposed to the International Eisteddfod at Llangollen) where many of these dances are still danced competitively. c) The "fair" dances are actually from the "Nantgarw Dances" (Nantgarw is a village just North of Caerphilly & Cardiff) of which 6 have been published. Some of these are like Morris dances, and the rest are display dances - the published books describe where and why it is thought these dances were danced. There is minimal instruction on style, steps and even the figures in the books - these were learnt and passed on by the display teams, which is the how I got to know them. d) The "Llangadfan Dances" are the closest the Welsh got to "Playford" style dances - it is even thought that they may have been English dances which were taken to Llangadfan (another village in South Wales) and then danced there without outside influences - hence the style and addition of "Roundo's" at the end of and even between figures. It is these dances that Pat Shaw (known as "Padrig Farfog" in Wales) based his well known "Ty Coch Caerdydd" (Red House of Cardiff) and "Sawdl Y Fuwch" (The Cowslip) which are now often danced in the "English Way"! e) "Llanover Reel" and "Rhif Wyth" are both from and where both danced at Llanover Hall. (Llanover being somewhere near Abergavenny) 5) Much of the Welsh dancing was lost due to Church intervention. It was mainly due to Lois Blake who helped start the Welsh Folk Dance Society, that Welsh dancing did not die out altogether. Together with others, including Pat Shaw, she managed to "save" Welsh dance. Although ECD's tend to complain that they "grabbed" any tune or dance with a Welsh sounding name and danced it, thank goodness they did! As I said earlier, they are danced differently so most people may not even know it is the same dance, as the style is quite different. Welsh dances are still being composed, so the tradition is not dying. 6) Welsh Clog Dance. Even though Welsh social dance was almost lost, Welsh clog dancing managed to come through unscathed. This has a style of its own, being flamboyant, of a heel/toe style and uses props such as besom brooms and candles - but that again is another subject. (Clog dancing was passed down to me in the 60's, with a direct link back to the 50's, and I am still teaching this at festivals as I do not want it to die out just through lack of enthusiasm in Wales) Anyway, I hope this gives a bit more light on the subject, if it finds its way through. If anyone would like to Email me direct with any queries or discussions (as this is really an English Country Dance mailing list I understand, and also because of the problem of me receiving messages from ECD) I hope I can help, or know a person who can! Trevor Monson _________________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Get your free -AT- yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Mon, 06 Sep 1999 21:59:05 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Tue, 07 Sep 1999 00:02:04 -0500 From: Gloria Krusemeyer Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Back from Pinewoods To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <00b401bef8ee$2136d8a0$3e22a3d1-AT- gloria> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT >Some chamber music players are very happy helping their less >experienced >colleagues, and some consider it a bore. We cater to the former. >I don't know if this would be applicable to a dance camp or not (though I >think many experienced dancers certainly help the less experienced at >dances all through the year). However, it works for us in a camp setting. I am an experienced, competent contra dancer [not so experienced at ECD], who loves to help other dancers, especially beginners. I drag them onto the floor, keep them smiling, and feel all warm and fuzzy when I see them improving. With this said, I enjoy having some time where I'm not having to be concerned about those still learning the basics. Maybe where I'm the weak link in the set. Labeling classes beginner, intermediate, and advanced doesn't work. Too many people translate these as undesirable, barely tolerable, and the elete. I don't know if a wordsmith could come up with more palatable labels that would encourage accurate self-selection. Gloria Krusemeyer Northfield, MN ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Tue, 07 Sep 1999 04:21:46 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Tue, 07 Sep 1999 07:20:09 -0400 From: Sharon A McKinley Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Dance Camp, Campers & Classes To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT mary beth et al.; hmm. a coupla years ago buffalo gap finally put the "beginner" english directly opposite the "experienced" english in order to sort people out better. so i was in ***'s experienced class, found i didn't want to deal with all that pattern and strenuous intellectual whatever at 9 a.m., and joined the enthusiastic, low-stress, wonderful non-experienced group. there was lots of oldy-moldy stuff mixed with interesting new stuff. it was wonderful! BG and pinewoods are very different, of course, but the easier class was every bit as satisfying for moi... sharon "but then again i can forget a dance within 5 minutes of learning it" mckinley, and not an official beginner at any government agency >>> Mary Beth Goodman 09/05 5:11 PM >>> English Week at Pinewoods and some discussions that happened there got me thinking about dance camp, classes and campers/students. Let me preface my ramblings by saying that none of what follows is meant as a criticism of English Week at Pinewoods (past or present) or any program of CDSS! What are the advantages and disadvantages of classes that are graded by experience level of the students? How does the class giver ensure the correct placement of students? How is a student given to know what skills are needed in a particular class? Thinking about these questions led me to consider presenting classes where the subject matter was "graded" rather than the students, but that still left the question of placing the right student in the right learning situation. While I was rolling that around in my head, I began to see the larger question looming - what is the purpose/goal of (the organization) offering the classes and how does it compare with the purpose/goal of the students? For instance, one general purpose of the organization might be to offer popular classes thereby increasing overall enrollment. That's very valid, especially if it means you can pay the bills while meeting other goals! Specifically though, what is the purpose of offering graded classes (beginning, intermediate, experienced)? * To bring everyone up to a certain skill level? * To present material that will be within the ability of each level? Or to present material that is slightly challenging to each level? What are possible goals of "experienced" dancer level classes? * To allow very accomplished dancers the opportunity to do little done or little known dances which are outside the abilities of most weekly/monthly dance settings? * To introduce less well-known dances to dance leaders, hoping they'll work their way into the repetoire? * To maintain infrequently done dances as part of the general consciousness of the dance population? * To introduce new dances and choreographers to dance leaders for dispersal to dance communities? As I went on pondering about this, I started thinking about the dances themselves. Most "hard" dances are not hard solely because of the figures involved. Most dances use a slim core of movements, and most of these are easily taught and learned. What then makes these dances more difficult to dance? The "hard" dances may have a unique combination of figures - a sequence of movements not found commonly in other dances. Or they may be unforgiving in the arrangement of their figures - no recovery time built in to the sequence of figures. They may be difficult in the progression of dancers perhaps because of how everyone's moving at critical points in the dance. I throw this in because I think it would be impossible to say - "you must be able to do all of these figures" as a requirement for an "experienced" level class. On the other end of the graded class spectrum, what goals are being set in beginning level classes for learning the figures and styling associated with English Country Dance? And what is the purpose of intermediate classes? I don't pretend to have answers for all these questions! And these questions could fit many non-dance class/workshop settings with minor changes of terminology. Perhaps classes at dance camps are not set up with particular goals in mind and perhaps people who go to them don't have particular goals either. What I observe, however, is some dissatisfaction in different factions and some problems. Experienced dancers shake their heads and mutter about other students/dancers who aren't able to do the dances well (by their standards) or keep up with the speed of the teaching. Some people feel that they are held back by others who can't keep up or whose confusion creates confusion for others. Other dancers, who are able to learn the dances at the pace they're taught, may still feel rather pushed around by the dancers who already know the dances. I think most people would agree that "experienced" isn't intended to mean how many years one has been dancing, but in the absence of hard criteria and some mechanism of placement, it can come to mean just that. Meanwhile, people don't go to "beginning" or even "intermediate" classes because they see them as below their skill level (true or not). Those classes are often lacking in attendance which makes them harder to run (can't do square formations if you only have 6 or 10 people in the class for instance). It also sends a possible, albeit unintended, message that if you're in that class you're in a dinky and somehow inferior minority. (Note that these people paid the same money that everyone else did to attend!) The one time I witnessed a situation where people were assigned to classes, there was much muttering and some yowling! Most of this came from people who were placed in the intermediate classes. Surely this was a mistake because they should be in the advanced class! Meanwhile the beginners class (which I was in, btw) had the apparently normal 10-12 people - nowhere near a third or even a quarter of the camp population! One might say that we plunk our money and vacation time down to go to dance camp in order to have fun! That might relieve the pressure of developing goals for each class, but still begs the question of why "experienced" level classes vs "beginning" level classes are offered. Why not have one or two hour dances during the day then, perhaps on a particular theme, and do away with the notion of classes altogether? *My* purpose for writing about this is to ask - what other models are there or could there be for creating goals for dance classes and for organizing students? I will repeat that none of this is meant as a criticism of anyone's class or of CDSS's programs! My own experience with dance camps is limited to CDSS's English week at Pinewoods (with a week of Eng/American years ago). Also, I hope any resulting discussion won't fall into general grumbling about people taking the "wrong" class! I'd love to hear about other workshop-centered settings and from other "campers" as well as organizers! Mary Beth Goodman <--feet up! ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Tue, 07 Sep 1999 06:38:58 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Tue, 07 Sep 1999 09:38:21 -0400 From: Sharon A McKinley Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: more on labels To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT more on labels: one interesting thing about the "graded" ECD classes at buffalo gap was that the non-expert class wasn't labeled as such. i seem to recall scott higgs called it ECD for poets, or some such. the other class was ECD for experts. pinewoods has more classes and levels, of course, but if the topmost class has "experts" or "challenging" in it, and the others have some non-label, might that not work better? class descriptions could say something like "ideal for learning styling," or "requires expert skill level" (which on an advanced class is fair enuf). this all becomes small print, the word "beginner" need not be applied, and the stigma some attach to not being at the top avoided. sharon "that's my quota of cute disclaimers for one day" mckinley, and not caring to apply stigmata (stigmae? stigmas?) at any government agency ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Tue, 07 Sep 1999 07:17:59 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Tue, 07 Sep 1999 10:30:25 -0400 From: Sharon Green Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: more on labels To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <4.1.19990907102618.00ca8810-AT- popserver.panix.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT The year our True Brit tea party had a Peter Pan theme, we replaced the X = eXperienced symbol with a pair of crossbones, and, for the hardest sessions, with a skull and crossbones, the latter symbol being translated as "for eXperienced dancers who use their heads." Truth in labeling? Sharon Green At 09:38 AM 9/7/99 -0400, Sharon A McKinley wrote: >more on labels: > one interesting thing about the "graded" ECD classes at buffalo gap >was that the non-expert class wasn't labeled as such. i seem to recall >scott higgs called it ECD for poets, or some such. the other class was >ECD for experts. pinewoods has more classes and levels, of course, but >if the topmost class has "experts" or "challenging" in it, and the >others have some non-label, might that not work better? class >descriptions could say something like "ideal for learning styling," or >"requires expert skill level" (which on an advanced class is fair >enuf). this all becomes small print, the word "beginner" need not be >applied, and the stigma some attach to not being at the top avoided. > sharon "that's my quota of cute disclaimers for one day" mckinley, >and not caring to apply stigmata (stigmae? stigmas?) at any government >agency ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Tue, 07 Sep 1999 08:00:13 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Tue, 07 Sep 1999 10:00:08 -0500 (CDT) From: Jonathan Sivier Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: need dance sources To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <199909071500.KAA14270-AT- staff1.cso.uiuc.edu> Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT I'm looking for the sources for a couple of dances I'd like to try this fall. I assume these will be in books available from CDSS, but the question is "which books?" The first dance is The Wood Duck, by Fried Herman. I actually have the instructions and one of our band members has the music, but I thought I would get her book to have it on hand and for the other dances in it. The other dance I'm looking for is Freeford Gardens by Kathryn and David Wright. Any pointers to the sources for these dances would be appreciated. Thanks. Jonathan ------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Jonathan Sivier |Q: How many angels can dance on the | | j-sivier-AT- uiuc.edu | head of a pin? | | Flight Simulation Lab |A: It depends on what dance you call. | | Beckman Institute | | | 405 N. Mathews | SWMDG - Single White Male | | Urbana, IL 61801 | Dance Gypsy | | Work: 217/244-1923 | | | Home: 217/359-8225 | Have shoes, will dance. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Home page URL: http://www.uiuc.edu/ph/www/j-sivier | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Tue, 07 Sep 1999 08:31:11 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Tue, 07 Sep 1999 11:30:49 -0400 From: "Roger W. Broseus, CHP, Ph.D." Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: English Dance Weekend in Pittsburgh, September 24 to 26. To: ECD Listserv - Posts Message-ID: <4.1.19990907113027.00a0d580-AT- 209.183.254.10> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: MULTIPART/ALTERNATIVE; BOUNDARY="Boundary_(ID_hIGjKj9eJfzigUJjJdnnQw)" --Boundary_(ID_hIGjKj9eJfzigUJjJdnnQw) Content-type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT The following is being posted on behalf of Ralph Bangs, VP, CDSS of Pittsburgh. Thanks also to Dorolyn Smith for cluing us in. (I've cut & pasted from a couple messages so excuse choppiness, etc.) A flyer might be available on-line as Ralph promised to send a Word version of it. If I can .pdf-ise it, I'll post for our mutual benefit; check in the next couple of days at www.just.net/~roger for a link. -- Roger -- still on a high from ECD week at Pinewoods _ _ ________________ _ ____________________________________________ /__) _,___, _ _ /_) Contra dancing fanatic, English country / \__(_) (_/_(/__/(_ /__). dance aficionado. Email: Roger-AT- just.net _/_ www.just.net/~roger/dance_niche.html _______ (/____________________________________________________________ ENGLISH-CONTRA DANCE WEEKEND Primarily an English Country Dance event. Friday night: $7. Each English event: $10. Hospitality available. Caller and Dance Instructor, Sue Dupre of New Jersey Band: Amarillis of Pittsburgh Sept. 24-26 in Pittsburgh Friday 8-11 p.m., Contra at Edgewood Club Saturday 1-4, 8-11 and Sunday 1-4 English dances and workshops at the Swisshelm Park Community Center For more information contact Ralph Bangs at rbangs+-AT- pitt.edu or at 412 624-3856 (evenings). --Boundary_(ID_hIGjKj9eJfzigUJjJdnnQw) Content-type: text/html; charset=us-ascii Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT The following is being posted on behalf of Ralph Bangs, VP, CDSS of Pittsburgh.

Thanks also to Dorolyn Smith for cluing us in. (I've cut & pasted from a couple messages so excuse choppiness, etc.)

A flyer might be available on-line as Ralph promised to send a Word version of it.  If I can .pdf-ise it, I'll post for our mutual benefit; check in the next couple of days at www.just.net/~roger for a link.

-- Roger -- still on a high from ECD week at Pinewoods
_  _  ________________ _  ____________________________________________
 /__) _,___,  _   _   /_)  Contra dancing fanatic, English country
/ \__(_) (_/_(/__/(_ /__). dance aficionado.  Email: Roger-AT- just.net
         _/_               www.just.net/~roger/dance_niche.html
_______ (/____________________________________________________________


ENGLISH-CONTRA DANCE WEEKEND

Primarily an English Country Dance event. Friday night: $7.

Each English event: $10. Hospitality available.

Caller and Dance Instructor, Sue Dupre of New Jersey
Band: Amarillis of Pittsburgh

Sept. 24-26 in Pittsburgh

     Friday 8-11 p.m., Contra at Edgewood Club
     Saturday 1-4, 8-11 and Sunday 1-4 English dances and workshops
     at the Swisshelm Park Community Center

For more information contact Ralph Bangs at rbangs+-AT- pitt.edu or at 412
624-3856 (evenings).
--Boundary_(ID_hIGjKj9eJfzigUJjJdnnQw)-- ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Tue, 07 Sep 1999 09:20:56 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Tue, 07 Sep 1999 12:18:32 -0700 From: "Michael J. O'Connor" Subject: Re: need dance sources To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Message-ID: <37D56508.4735-AT- erols.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT References: <199909071500.KAA14270-AT- staff1.cso.uiuc.edu> Jonathan Sivier wrote: > > I'm looking for the sources for a couple of dances I'd like to try > this fall. I assume these will be in books available from CDSS, but > the question is "which books?" The first dance is The Wood Duck, by Fried Herman. The Wood Duck is most recently available in Fried's Ease and Elegance (1995), also worth acquiring for its introductory 30 pages of text discussing various topics relating to ECD, including notes for dancers, style points, notes for teachers and a page on the ECD band. The dance was earlier published in her Pinewoods Fund Collection (1980), which may no longer be available. You may be able to contact Fried directly as an alternate source for E & E. ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Tue, 07 Sep 1999 09:52:53 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Tue, 07 Sep 1999 13:04:35 -0400 From: Sharon Green Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: need dance sources To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <4.1.19990907122925.00ad6a30-AT- popserver.panix.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Wood Duck is in Fried's Ease & Elegance, which you can get from her if CDSS doesn't have it. Get it soon, because there aren't many left. [She's in the CDSS directory.] Freeford Garden's directions are in the Not Quite Playford booklet that goes with the West Kirby Band's tape. They were also once available [with music] on a single sheet--it may be hard to track down. Good luck with the dances--they're perennial favorites around here. Sharon Green At 10:00 AM 9/7/99 -0500, Jonathan Sivier wrote: > I'm looking for the sources for a couple of dances I'd like to try this >fall. I assume these will be in books available from CDSS, but the question >is "which books?" The first dance is The Wood Duck, by Fried Herman. I >actually have the instructions and one of our band members has the music, but >I thought I would get her book to have it on hand and for the other dances >in it. The other dance I'm looking for is Freeford Gardens by Kathryn and >David Wright. > > Any pointers to the sources for these dances would be appreciated. Thanks. > >Jonathan > >------------------------------------------------------------------------- >| Jonathan Sivier |Q: How many angels can dance on the | >| j-sivier-AT- uiuc.edu | head of a pin? | >| Flight Simulation Lab |A: It depends on what dance you call. | >| Beckman Institute | | >| 405 N. Mathews | SWMDG - Single White Male | >| Urbana, IL 61801 | Dance Gypsy | >| Work: 217/244-1923 | | >| Home: 217/359-8225 | Have shoes, will dance. | >------------------------------------------------------------------------- >| Home page URL: http://www.uiuc.edu/ph/www/j-sivier | >------------------------------------------------------------------------- ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Tue, 07 Sep 1999 09:59:49 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Tue, 07 Sep 1999 13:49:04 -0300 From: John Wood Subject: General Question on Dances To: English Folk Dance Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Message-ID: <37D54200.9FAECE3D-AT- accesscable.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Hi, Folk: This is my first approach to make use of your knowledge. I am coaching some dancers in Nova Scotia and I am anxious to find out what dances were being DONE in New York and other physical places south or north from where the Loyalist settlers came. It is easy to assume that most of the dances MIGHT be Playford. But were there Italian and French dances in their repertoires? Comments on the above would be welcomed. Regards, John Bedford, Nova Scotia ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Tue, 07 Sep 1999 10:10:55 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Tue, 07 Sep 1999 18:49:46 +0200 From: M Sheffield Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: labels. (was: Back from Pinewoods) To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <3.0.5.32.19990907184946.007ae250-AT- pop.wanadoo.fr> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT At 00:02 07/09/99 -0500, you wrote: > >Labeling classes beginner, intermediate, and advanced doesn't >work. >I don't know if a wordsmith could come up with ... How about: Promising, Succeeding, Worn out. ? Which is my way of agreeing -- labels just don't work. Martin, in Grenoble, France. --- http://perso.wanadoo.fr/scots.in.france/ (dancing, dances, cycling ...) ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Tue, 07 Sep 1999 11:55:41 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Tue, 07 Sep 1999 14:53:28 -0400 (EDT) From: "Priscilla M. Burrage" Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: labels. (was: Back from Pinewoods) To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT On Tue, 7 Sep 1999, M Sheffield wrote: > At 00:02 07/09/99 -0500, you wrote: > > > >Labeling classes beginner, intermediate, and advanced doesn't > >work. > >I don't know if a wordsmith could come up with ... > > How about: > Promising, > Succeeding, > Worn out. Those decriptions would turn me off also. they are from the point of view of the teacher assessing the class. what I want is a description that tells me, the attendee which class I want to attend. Advanced was OK thirty years ago but I'm not longer interested in proving to myself that my technique isn't what it used to be. Experienced attracts me more because it sounds like not a lot of footwork and some interesting dances. I prefer one or two word descriptions that tell me what the class will be focused on. Maybe even a brief paragraph after the title to let me kmow I've guessed correctly. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Priscilla Burrage Vermont US (pburrage-AT- zoo.uvm.edu) ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Tue, 07 Sep 1999 13:18:17 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Tue, 07 Sep 1999 13:22:40 -0700 From: Heyer Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Welsh Country Dance To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <01bef96e$bc0deaa0$c0eaadce-AT- default> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Yeow! Thank you, Trevor! I also took a look at the website -- it's great, and links up with another site for a group called Dawnswyr Delyn that has a "teach yourself a Welsh dance" section -- with MIDI file music for two tunes, "Powell's Fancy" and "The Witch's Dream." It was hard not to start making a list of things I wanted to buy from the Society -- CDs, videos, books, pamphlets . . . . Marian ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Tue, 07 Sep 1999 14:22:31 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Tue, 07 Sep 1999 14:21:00 -0700 (PDT) From: "J. Beer" Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: need dance sources To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <19990907212100.16071.rocketmail-AT- web601.yahoomail.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Jonathan, I can send you a copy of Freeford Gardens if no one at EFDSS knows how to get hold of the original. Mine still has "10P" stamped in the corner. The note at the bottom says that Wetenhall Cooper Ltd, the developers of Freeford Gardens (a suburban housing estate) sponsored the publication of the dance. --Jenny Beer PS. ignore the above email address. My real one is jbeer-AT- culture-at-work.com __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Bid and sell for free at http://auctions.yahoo.com ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Wed, 08 Sep 1999 07:55:46 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Wed, 08 Sep 1999 10:55:46 -0400 (Eastern Daylight Time) From: Brad Sayler Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Back From Pinewoods To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Hi folks, I'm a firm believer that dance class names should describe the dances that will be taught, not the dancers they intend to attract. I try to include terms like challenging, less challenging, or easy along with some words that describe the focus or source of the dances; Pat Shaw, historical, traditional and the like. Gloria Krusemeyer wrote: > > Date: Tue, 07 Sep 1999 00:02:04 -0500 > From: Gloria Krusemeyer > Subject: Re: Back from Pinewoods > Message-ID: <00b401bef8ee$2136d8a0$3e22a3d1-AT- gloria> > > > I am an experienced, competent contra dancer [not so experienced > at ECD], who loves to help other dancers, especially beginners. > I drag them onto the floor, keep them smiling, and feel all warm > and fuzzy when I see them improving. > > With this said, I enjoy having some time where I'm not having to > be concerned about those still learning the basics. Maybe where > I'm the weak link in the set. > > Labeling classes beginner, intermediate, and advanced doesn't > work. Too many people translate these as undesirable, barely > tolerable, and the elete. > > I don't know if a wordsmith could come up with more palatable > labels that would encourage accurate self-selection. > > Gloria Krusemeyer > Northfield, MN > Brad Sayler University of Virginia Civil Engineering Charlottesville, VA 22908 (804) 982-2764 brad-AT- virginia.edu ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Wed, 08 Sep 1999 09:28:08 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Wed, 08 Sep 1999 08:44:26 +0200 From: M Sheffield Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Welsh Country Dance To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <3.0.5.32.19990908084426.007b4e30-AT- pop.wanadoo.fr> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Someone asked for the title of a Welsh CD that I mentioned -- have to reply to the list, as I inadvertently deleted the message before noting the address, sorry. It's called "Cicio'r Nenbren", SCDC 2094, issued in 1994 by Sain (in Llandwrog, Caernarfon, Gwynedd LL54 5TG, Wales) in collaboration with the Welsh Country Dance Society. It contains music for most of the styles that Trevor mentioned in his long informative message, with instructions in Welsh and English for 20 dances. Martin, in Grenoble, France. --- http://perso.wanadoo.fr/scots.in.france/ (dancing, dances, cycling ...) ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Wed, 08 Sep 1999 12:24:33 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Wed, 08 Sep 1999 14:24:22 -0500 (EST) From: Mary Railing Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: General Question on Dances To: English Folk Dance Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT You're talking about the late 1700's, right? If I am right in supposing that the people who moved to Canada as a result of the American revolution were mostly upper-class, then you would expect them to have danced French-style dances: minuets and contradances in style of Fieullet's manual. What influence, if any, this would have had on dance in Nova Scotia is unknown to me. The same dances would have already been fashionable in Canada. (By the 1700's Italy had ceased to have any influence on dance fashions.) Are you trying to recreate historical dances for some event, or are you curious about the history of country dances in Nova Scotia? --Mary Railing On Tue, 7 Sep 1999, John Wood wrote: > Hi, Folk: > > This is my first approach to make use of your knowledge. > > I am coaching some dancers in Nova Scotia and I am anxious to find out > what dances were being DONE in New York and other physical places south > or north from where the Loyalist settlers came. > > It is easy to assume that most of the dances MIGHT be Playford. But were > there Italian and French dances in their repertoires? > > Comments on the above would be welcomed. > > Regards, John > Bedford, Nova Scotia > > > ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Wed, 08 Sep 1999 13:58:56 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Wed, 08 Sep 1999 16:59:37 -0400 From: "L. vosteen" Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Back from Pinewoods To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Gloria wrote (in part): >I am an experienced, competent contra dancer [not so experienced >at ECD], who loves to help other dancers, ..... >Labeling classes beginner, intermediate, and advanced doesn't >work. Too many people translate these as undesirable, barely >tolerable, and the elete. > >I don't know if a wordsmith could come up with more palatable >labels that would encourage accurate self-selection. > >Gloria Krusemeyer >Northfield, MN The word "experience" is popping up in a number of comments about "grading" dancers, so why not use it? For example: inexperienced (meaning haven't done it but want to learn), limited experience (I know how to set & turn single and do rights and lefts, but I want to raise my comfort level), and experienced (I can take anything you throw at me, so there!). However, my "experience" has been that even people who count themselves amoung the experienced may never learn to _dance_! And, at the other end, I have had the pleasure of working with people who have never done ECD but have danced, perhaps ballet or ballroom, and can comfortably do Miss de Jersey's by the end of one evening of dancing. I definitely like the idea of expanding on the definition of a class by explaining what the objectives of the class will be, as Sharon McKinley suggested. Then the participant should have a pretty good idea what to expect. I recall being at Pinewoods a few years back when Helene Cornelius taught a class for "experienced" dancers and Brad Foster was doing a class in parallel for "less experienced" dancers (I'm not sure what the titles of the classes really were). Helene started the class with a very challenging dance, probably to give some of the dancers a reality check. At the end of the dance she remarked something to the effect "There's still time for some of you to get into Brad's class." That became the catch phrase of the week whenever anyone in the class (especially an obviously experienced dancer) would get a little mixed up. Mary Beth raised a lot of thought-provoking questions about the purposes of graded classes. She asked: "what is the purpose of offering graded classes (beginning, intermediate, experienced)? * To bring everyone up to a certain skill level? * To present material that will be within the ability of each level? Or to present material that is slightly challenging to each level? What are possible goals of "experienced" dancer level classes? * To allow very accomplished dancers the opportunity to do little done or little known dances which are outside the abilities of most weekly/monthly dance settings? * To introduce less well-known dances to dance leaders, hoping they'll work their way into the repetoire? * To maintain infrequently done dances as part of the general consciousness of the dance population? * To introduce new dances and choreographers to dance leaders for dispersal to dance communities?" My respose is, "Perhaps some of all of the above." I attend camps to learn new (to me, at least) dances, new interpretations of "old" dances, or to have the instructor make me aware of a special nuance in a dance that I never realized was there. Also I go for the shear enjoyment of dancing with people I don't get to see too often and dancing to live music by a whole bunch of outstanding dance musicians. But again, as Sharon said, a difinitive staement by the instructor of what their plans or goals for the class are would help the participant select where they want to be. Assigning people to a particular class, based on a few questions in a camp application form, is begging for dissention - as Mary Beth noted from her experience. If a class turns out to have less than a critical mass to be effective, the camp directors should combine it with another and the instructors should be versatile enough to adjust their "curriculum" so everyone can benefit, i.e. "have fun." Lou ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Wed, 08 Sep 1999 15:38:45 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Wed, 08 Sep 1999 19:38:57 -0300 From: John Wood Subject: Re: General Question on Dances To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Message-ID: <37D6E580.26F6417D-AT- accesscable.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT References: Hi, Mary. Thank you for your interest. Mary Railing wrote: > You're talking about the late 1700's, right? If I am right in supposing > that the people who moved to Canada as a result of the American revolution > were mostly upper-class, then you would expect them to have danced > French-style dances: minuets and contradances in style of Fieullet's > manual. What influence, if any, this would have had on dance in Nova > Scotia is unknown to me. The same dances would have already been > fashionable in Canada. (By the 1700's Italy had ceased to have any > influence on dance fashions.) Are you trying to recreate historical > dances for some event, or are you curious about the history of country > dances in Nova Scotia? A bit of both, really. The group in Shelburne -- a Loyalist enclave -- are from a re-enactment group, the Prince of Wales American Regiment. On certain occasions during the year they are involved in various historical events in the area. I'm not really trying to recreate historical dances perse, but I do not want to include any figures or complete dances that came on the scene AFTER 1786 when many of the original Loyalist settlers had moved on to other parts of the country. So that leads to my curiosity as to what dances were being done in Nova Scotia in that period. One of the dancers in Shelburne has told me of two dances of which she knows were being danced in that area, together with the music. But, so far, nothing concrete has emerged. I'm pursuing her: properly, of course! Nice to talk to you. Regards, John ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Wed, 08 Sep 1999 16:19:43 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Wed, 08 Sep 1999 16:19:34 -0700 (PDT) From: Alan Winston - SSRL Central Computing Subject: Re: General Question on Dances To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Message-ID: <01JFQF62R9ZC91VT4Z-AT- SSRL.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT John -- Remember that country dances propagated far and wide. Dance manuals got around _a lot_, so dances could be popular in more than one place at a time. (Popular in New York after 1786 doesn't necessarily equal 'not done anywhere but New York after 1786.' This wasn't village folk-dancing that you only picked up if you lived in that village.) That said, there's plenty of good stuff published or at least notated before the end of the Revolution. And if you're doing demo/display stuff, cotillions can be very showy, and those are around from at least the 1750s. -- Alan =============================================================================== Alan Winston --- WINSTON-AT- SSRL.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Disclaimer: I speak only for myself, not SLAC or SSRL Phone: 650/926-3056 Physical mail to: SSRL -- SLAC BIN 69, PO BOX 4349, STANFORD, CA 94309-0210 =============================================================================== ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 04:59:53 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 08:58:37 -0300 From: John Wood Subject: Re: General Question on Dances To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Message-ID: <37D7A0ED.F564F10E-AT- accesscable.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT References: <01JFQF62R9ZC91VT4Z-AT- SSRL.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU> Hi, Alan: > Remember that country dances propagated far and wide. Dance manuals got > around _a lot_, so dances could be popular in more than one place at a time. > (Popular in New York after 1786 doesn't necessarily equal 'not done anywhere > but New York after 1786.' This wasn't village folk-dancing that you only > picked up if you lived in that village.) I appreciate very much your reply. Thank you. Regards, John ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 06:21:15 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 09:21:06 -0400 From: "Roger W. Broseus, CHP, Ph.D." Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: List of Dances at Pinewoods English Week: A Work in Progress To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <4.2.0.58.19990909085648.00a31730-AT- 209.183.254.10> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: MULTIPART/ALTERNATIVE; BOUNDARY="Boundary_(ID_tV3zl7L4DL7tMj0YRspKDQ)" --Boundary_(ID_tV3zl7L4DL7tMj0YRspKDQ) Content-type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset=us-ascii Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Plans are afoot to post to the web a list of dances for the various sessions at Pinewoods English week. Having received several requests for info related to this project, I decided to post a status report. It is proving to be quite a task to recover the info needed to put together a comprehensive list! Susan Murrow kindly assembled a list of dances taught in the various workshops AND has put the data together in digital form . . . a lot of work. Thanks, Susan. I also received a list of dances nominated for request night, with their rankings, thanks to Steve Howe and Mary Kay Friday. It is proving problematic to get a lists for the evening dances. Queries are out but if any of you have info, please reply to me directly (not to the list). It may be that some of the lists, nicely lettered by Warren Andersen, were sold at auction. If a buyer has them, I'd appreciate getting that info. Where to find: Steve Howe has arranged for CDSS to keep this info on their web server. We will post the url to this list and probably cc it to E-week attenders via Steve's Email list. I can't end a post about English week without saying how great a week it was. The dancing was marvelous. Camp life is best at Pinewoods: great facilities and staff. But most of all, getting to know dancers, callers and musicians on a more intimate basis sets dance-camps apart from weekly dances, where folks come and dance and leave (especially on work-week nights). Thank you fellow campers (staff included) for making English week at Pinewoods such a special event. Cheers, -- Roger _ _ ________________ _ ____________________________________________ /__) _,___, _ _ /_) Contra dancing fanatic, English country / \__(_) (_/_(/__/(_ /__). dance aficionado. Email: Roger-AT- just.net _/_ www.just.net/~roger/dance_niche.html _______ (/____________________________________________________________ --Boundary_(ID_tV3zl7L4DL7tMj0YRspKDQ) Content-type: text/html; charset=us-ascii Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT
Plans are afoot to post to the web a list of dances for the various sessions at Pinewoods English week.  Having received several requests for info related to this project, I decided to post a status report.

It is proving to be quite a task to recover the info needed to put together a comprehensive list!  Susan Murrow kindly assembled a list of dances taught in the various workshops AND has put the data together in digital form . . . a lot of work.  Thanks, Susan.  I also received a list of dances nominated for request night, with their rankings, thanks to Steve Howe and Mary Kay Friday.

It is proving problematic to get a lists for the evening dances.  Queries are out but if any of you have info, please reply to me directly (not to the list).  It may be that some of the lists, nicely lettered by Warren Andersen, were sold at auction.  If a buyer has them, I'd appreciate getting that info.

Where to find: Steve Howe has arranged for CDSS to keep this info on their web server.  We will post the url to this list and probably cc it to E-week attenders via Steve's Email list.

I can't end a post about English week without saying how great a week it was.  The dancing was marvelous.  Camp life is best at Pinewoods: great facilities and staff.  But most of all, getting to know dancers, callers and musicians on a more intimate basis sets dance-camps apart from weekly dances, where folks come and dance and leave (especially on work-week nights).  Thank you fellow campers (staff included) for making English week at Pinewoods such a special event.

Cheers,



-- Roger
_  _  ________________ _  ____________________________________________
 /__) _,___,  _   _   /_)  Contra dancing fanatic, English country
/ \__(_) (_/_(/__/(_ /__). dance aficionado.  Email: Roger-AT- just.net
         _/_               www.just.net/~roger/dance_niche.html
_______ (/____________________________________________________________ --Boundary_(ID_tV3zl7L4DL7tMj0YRspKDQ)-- ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 13:15:13 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 13:20:41 -0700 From: Bob Archer Subject: Re: Dance Camp, Campers & Classes To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Message-ID: <199909092014.NAA23688-AT- wolfenet.com> Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Helen Tuzio wrote: > Having said that, I have been dancing English country for roughly five > years, and went off to Pinewoods with full intention of taking Gene's > Advanced class. Yet, I found myself in Bob Archer's Intermediate class > Sunday morning. I headed in that direction because Bob had said he > intended to teach dance technique. What a great thing! His class was > FUN, lively and very informative. Frankly, with no intended offense to > anyone, he taught things that nearly all of us could use, regardless of > level. Yet some people specifically said they did not belong in that > class because it was "Intermediate"!! What a shame! The "Intermediate" > label should not keep people away (although in this case, Gene's > "Advanced" class was also draw). I wonder what would have happened if > the two classes had not been offered at the same time...Or if English > week were extended to two weeks...:-) I have a confession to make Helen (so please don't tell anyone else :-) ). I would probably have taught a very similar class had it been labelled "advanced" rather than "intermediate". I don't really know how I would run different "intermediate" and "advanced" classes, good dancing techniques are good dancing techniques, whatever level someone is at. I think we're in danger of simply saying that an advanced dancer is one who is capable of doing certain difficult dances or moves (shades of the Modern Western Square Dance movement here) rather than someone who has good dancing technique. I've danced with many people who were beginners to ECD (and therefore didn't know all of the moves) but were still marvellous dancers. Bob ---------------------------------------------------------- -- Bob Archer bob-AT- hottub.demon.co.uk ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 13:15:17 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 13:20:41 -0700 From: Bob Archer Subject: "Generic" English Dances To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Message-ID: <199909092015.NAA23155-AT- wolfenet.com> Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT This was something that struck me on Friday night of Pinewoods' English week. A lot of the recently composed English dances we had been doing all week came across to me as being very generic. Take an average tune that hasn't been used before, put some combination of turns, casts, circular heys and setting to it and voila, a new dance, but one that was utterly forgettable. I rather expect to be out on a limb with this one - for a number of reasons I am unwilling to trust my judgement about this feeling which is why I'm asking for other comments. I'd also like to make it clear that there are a lot of recently composed English dances which I think are wonderful, not at all generic and that really add something to the repertoire, I am certainly not trying to knock recently composed dances in general or any dance composer in particular. Bob ---------------------------------------------------------- -- Bob Archer bob-AT- hottub.demon.co.uk ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 13:15:20 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 13:20:41 -0700 From: Bob Archer Subject: Re: Dance Camp, Campers & Classes To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Message-ID: <199909092014.NAA24164-AT- wolfenet.com> Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Mary Beth Goodman wrote: [ lots of terrific stuff that I've snipped to save space ] I've been wondering about the purpose of workshops and classes for some time now and, as a result, have changed some of the material I present and the way I present it. Mary Beth wrote: > Why not have one or two hour dances during the day then, perhaps on > a particular theme, and do away with the notion of classes altogether? This seems to have become common at festivals in the UK over the past few years - sessions that are described as classes or workshops but are actually just a mini-dance on a theme (and I must take my share of the blame, I have run plenty of workshops that were really just mini-dances). I have been trying to get away from this recently and run classes that are more about dancing than dances, some people love this, some hate it. I had some complaints after the first two of my "English Country - intermediate" classes at Pinewoods' English / American week, basically from people who just wanted to do dances - other people said that they enjoyed the classes and asked for extra sessions to explore the ideas I'd been putting forward (I have a pet theory that one way of looking about dancing is that you have to be in a certain place by a certain time and have developed some drills to practice this). I tried running one session called "What is an English Dance?" where I attempted to show that the cross over in figures between English / American and Scottish dance forms is so prevalent that it can be difficult to say for certain what tradition a dance is from. (Side note, anyone who is ever tempted to do "The Fandango" to contra reels, please don't - it is unbelievably horrible. I knew it wasn't going to work well but I was shocked by how dreadful it turned out). Again, some people enjoyed the class, others hated it (I must confess to not being overly taken with it, it was the first time I'd run it and I will have to rethink it if I ever decide to do it again). Someone made the point that classes are run for the benefit of the people attending them - I'd agree with this entirely, however since different people have different needs / wants / expectations it is pretty much impossible to meet them all. Should class / dance leaders be purely concerned with keeping the people who attend their classes happy? Which people? The majority? The loudest? Do dance leaders have a wider responsibility, maybe to some mysterious entity called "the community"? I had several conversations with people at Pinewoods along the lines of: "isn't it a shame that contra dances now are all about duple minor improper contras each containing a partner swing and a corner swing, everyone equal, everyone moving - why no chestnuts, why no squares?" I would like to put forward a theory that something similar is happening in the ECD movement (I'll be making another posting on the subject of "generic" ECD). The Thursday night request slot at English week was enormously overbalanced in favour of triple time dances, despite a _lot_ of ballot rigging that went on at every stage of the process (err... allegedly your honour). Should it be the dance leader's job to pander to the masses (emotive or what :-) ) or to feed them the dance equivalent of cod-liver oil? Hmm, it's not late at night, I'm not drunk but I'm still rambling quite effectively. I'll finish off with something a little more constructive: Would anyone like to share the best workshop / class they ever went to and reveal what made it so good for them. I have two to submit: Sidmouth beginners dance workshop led by Brenda Godrich. This was a terrific session that would have been of benefit to almost everyone. Brenda did "back to basics" on every move and taught them very effectively. There was an emphasis on good dance technique to improve the enjoyment of the dance for everyone in the group. Sidmouth "dances from the Beggar's Opera" workshop led by Andrew Shaw. Andrew is a terrific caller and researcher, the workshop was fun but also very informative - he gave a lot of background information which helped me to put the dances in context. His description of the marketing techniques used for the Beggar's Opera was quite an eye opener. Just to finish up, it was wonderful to meet so many familiar names from the list at Pinewoods, I am just sorry I didn't get as much time as I wanted to chat to you all. Bob ---------------------------------------------------------- -- Bob Archer bob-AT- hottub.demon.co.uk ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 14:20:50 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 17:20:16 -0400 (EDT) From: CF1125-AT- aol.com Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: "Generic" English Dances To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <762ed8e6.25097e90-AT- aol.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT In a message dated 9/9/99 8:20:44 PM, you wrote: <> I wasn't at English Week, but the subject of "generic English dances" is interesting. One person's generic dance is another's favorite, it seems, and I find more "old" dances to be in that category than recently composed dances. My personal candidates for generic dances are Mount Hills and Freeford Gardens. And I recall that someone listed Freeford Gardens as "local favorite" or some such term just a few days ago. To me these both have forgettable tunes, and forgettable moves in uninteresting orders, with no interesting interactions with anyone, and nothing at all to recommend them. There's no accounting for taste. Carl Friedman ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 14:26:03 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 15:28:53 -0600 From: rushton-AT- biology.utah.edu (Emma Rushton) Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: fandango To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT >(Side note, anyone who is ever tempted to do "The Fandango" to >contra reels, please don't - it is unbelievably horrible. I knew it >wasn't going to work well but I was shocked by how dreadful it >turned out). What was so bad, Bob? Was it that the turns and casts and lead-up are too leisurely for contra music? Or was it simply that you are so used to doing Fandango to Fandango's tune that anything else is unthinkable? >I tried running one session called "What is an English Dance?" >where I attempted to show that the cross over in figures between >English / American and Scottish dance forms is so prevalent that it >can be difficult to say for certain what tradition a dance is from. Fandango again - I once taught Fandango to a group of Scottish dancers. Should have been easy for them, as every move is found in many Scottish dances. They had terrible trouble with timing and style, and in fact barely got through the dance. I don't _think_ it was just me, as other dances, less similar to what they were used to, went much better. The style is all in the music, I think. The figures may be the same but the way you do them is dictated by the music. Emma - Emma Rushton, Department of Biology, University of Utah, 257 South, 1400 East Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0840 (801) 585-1926 (office) (801) 585-9425 (lab) (801) 581-4668 (fax) rushton-AT- biology.utah.edu ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 14:43:30 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 14:43:21 -0700 (PDT) From: Alan Winston - SSRL Central Computing Subject: Re: "Generic" English Dances To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Message-ID: <01JFRPUVEMSI91VWFY-AT- SSRL.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Hmm. I think we should establish a distinction between 'glossary' dances and 'generic' dances. A 'glossary' dance, as far as I'm concerned, is made out of standard figures without anything really unusual. The order or the fit to the tune or the wonderfulness of the tune make it distinctive. A 'generic' dance, also made out of standard figures, isn't particularly distinctive. (An unmemorable dance with a distinctive figure is just a poor dance, but not a 'generic' one.) To me, Midnight Ramble, which goes like this (and is over 200 years old, so I have no copyright or courtesy problem with giving it here): --------------- MIDNIGHT RAMBLE Longways Duple, proper A1: 1-4: 1s clap to launch into cross and cast down, 2s moving up. 5-8: 1s two hand turn 1.5 until proper A2: 2s the same B1: with a skip-change, 1s cross, cast (2s move up again), and half-figure eight to progressed proper place B2: 4 changes of R&L (with hands) --------------- is certainly a glossary dance, but not generic despite having bog-standard figures and being a totally typical late-eighteenth century dance sequence. The tune is splendid, the texture changes between the A and the B, you get to synch up with your partner, and you get to connect with your same-sex neighbor on the R&L, so all-in-all it works very well for me. I even think there's a certain perfection in its simplicity. Take a Dance is virtually the same sequence except that the A part is lead through the other couple, cast to place, turn two hands. But because the tune is so different - (Bm instead of D, insistent, urgent-feeling) it's quite a different feeling and makes the dance distinctive and ungeneric. I think 'glossary' dance is an objective judgment, and 'generic' dance is a subjective one. Some tunes and dances work for some people and some don't, although you can probably get a majority opinion on whether a tune or dance is effective. It happens that I quite like the 'Mount Hills' tune, and find the dance pleasant, so I wouldn't class it as generic. Freeford Gardens seems to me to be distinctive with that big set forward, turn single, swoop across and loop back to partner's place -- what else feels like that? But if it doesn't do anything for you, it doesn't. Speaking of connection -- which I think Carl was -- Freeford gives you eye contact with partner on the setting, the chance to connect up and down your line on the cross over, and possible the chance to loop around someone from the next set over on the way back to place. It can be a lot of fun. Your mileage may vary. -- Alan =============================================================================== Alan Winston --- WINSTON-AT- SSRL.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Disclaimer: I speak only for myself, not SLAC or SSRL Phone: 650/926-3056 Physical mail to: SSRL -- SLAC BIN 69, PO BOX 4349, STANFORD, CA 94309-0210 =============================================================================== ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 14:51:12 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 18:03:30 -0400 From: Sharon Green Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: "Generic" English Dances To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <4.1.19990909174446.016a21b0-AT- popserver.panix.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT At 05:20 PM 9/9/99 -0400, CF1125-AT- aol.com wrote: >I wasn't at English Week, but the subject of "generic English dances" is >interesting. One person's generic dance is another's favorite, it seems, and >I find more "old" dances to be in that category than recently composed >dances. My personal candidates for generic dances are Mount Hills and >Freeford Gardens. And I recall that someone listed Freeford Gardens as >"local favorite" or some such term just a few days ago. To me these both have >forgettable tunes, and forgettable moves in uninteresting orders, with no >interesting interactions with anyone, and nothing at all to recommend them. >There's no accounting for taste. Actually, Freeford is a recently composed dance [by David and Kathryn Wright of Lichfield], set to an old tune, Edgworth Bumpkins. Both it and Mount Hills work nicely for newer dancers, and Freeford, at least, has some very friendly potential interactions for the dancers in neighboring lines. Sharon Green [who happily programs them both from time to time] ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 14:57:16 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 17:56:59 -0400 (EDT) From: Eric Arnold Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Dance Camp, Campers & Classes To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT On Thu, 9 Sep 1999, Bob Archer wrote: [snip] > I've been wondering about the purpose of workshops and classes > for some time now and, as a result, have changed some of the > material I present and the way I present it. > > Mary Beth wrote: > > Why not have one or two hour dances during the day then, > perhaps on > > a particular theme, and do away with the notion of classes > altogether? > > This seems to have become common at festivals in the UK over the > past few years - sessions that are described as classes or > workshops but are actually just a mini-dance on a theme (and I > must take my share of the blame, I have run plenty of workshops > that were really just mini-dances). I have been trying to get away > from this recently and run classes that are more about dancing > than dances, some people love this, some hate it. When I think about what I want, I realize that there are at least four distinct things that I may want from sessions at dance camps. Which of them I want in a particular instance depends on several factors, including my own development and ambition as a dancer and dance leader, my mood, and who is leading the session and what s/he appears to be offering, along with my previous knowledge of what that person has done in similar situations and how s/he teaches. The four things are: 1) To learn to dance better and/or increase my enjoyment of dance; 2) To learn to teach better, or learn new things to teach; 3) To do dances not typically done at home because of difficulty or some other inhibiting factor, or to do new or other dances not widely known. 4) To dance for pure recreation with good, enthusiastic dancers. There is no implicit importance to the order given here. I may want to achieve more than one of these goals in selecting a particular session. [snip again] > Someone made the point that classes are run for the benefit of the > people attending them - I'd agree with this entirely, however since > different people have different needs / wants / expectations it is > pretty much impossible to meet them all. Should class / dance > leaders be purely concerned with keeping the people who attend > their classes happy? Which people? The majority? The loudest? I liked that statement, too, and I immediately had some ideas about incorporating this into my own teaching, but there are parts of the idea that I don't go along with -- it has to do with why people come, and the information that is available about what they should expect to be offered. There are certain things that I would like to teach and possibly am qualified to teach, and there are other things that people sometimes would like me to teach which for some reason I balk at. I may balk because I don't feel that I have the knowledge or understanding, or because I lack the enthusiasm for the subject, or because it is out of context in the particular setting, or because it may seem to me to undermine my principal reason for being there in the first place. This situation sometimes arises when folks who are dance-hungry come to my sessions wanting more of their favorite form of dance, such as contra or international folk-dance or SCA-type reconstructions, and then they have difficulty leaving that form at home, but introduce it into the session. I would like to ask them temporarily to abandon these other traditions & habits and learn the basics of ECD as I am teaching them; then when they have done that, they are free to decide whether this is something they want to do or not, but I do not feel that simply because they want to do something else that I should therefore change what I'm doing to incorporate what they'd like. On the other hand, within the rather fuzzy boundaries of what might be called English Country Dance, I feel somewhat more flexible. > Do dance leaders have a wider responsibility, maybe to some > mysterious entity called "the community"? I had several > conversations with people at Pinewoods along the lines of: I think that anyone who ends up with control over what other people do has responsibility in proportion to that control. I think this is, however, a complex relationship. If the control results from broader knowedge of the subject, and a following develops in recognition of that knowledge, then it seems that part of the responsibility is in preservation and expansion of that knowledge. If the control comes from a leader's ability to give folks a good time, then there's a responsibility to try to give them a good time. I think dance leaders are often in their positions because of a combination of these things, and how to achieve the "proper" balance between them is the real question. [another snip] > Hmm, it's not late at night, I'm not drunk but I'm still rambling quite > effectively. I'll finish off with something a little more constructive: > > Would anyone like to share the best workshop / class they ever > went to and reveal what made it so good for them. I've been to a lot that I have gotten much from, but I'll nominate two which stand out in my memory because they changed the way I danced and my attitudes more than any others: Bruce Hamilton's "Through the ceiling" workshop at Pinewoods English week last year, which got me to be much more relaxed about many things and improved my attitude in many ways; Brad Foster's class in "Traditional" dances at Pinewoods English week two (?) years ago, which really changed my attitude toward and appreciation of them. Eric Arnold Ann Arbor ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 15:19:37 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 18:20:19 -0400 From: "M.A.J. McKenna" Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: best class or workshop... To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <3.0.5.32.19990909182019.007af8e0-AT- mindspring.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT i second Eric's appreciation of Bruce H.'s teaching. Bruce did Atlanta's annual ECD weekend two years ago. Though i *think* - Bruce, if you're listening in, correct me if i'm wrong - he didn't do the full "through the ceiling" treatment, still his coaching/coaxing in focusing successively on being a dancer, partner, member of a minor set, of a major set, of a dance event and of a community of dancers was ... persuasive and enlightening. certainly it continues to influence my awareness and alertness when i'm dancing. m. _\-/_\-/_\-/_\-/_\-/_\-/_\-/_\-/_\-/_\-/_\-/_\-/_\-/_\-/_ maryn mckenna www.mindspring.com/~mmckenna "No way is large or smooth enough for capering roisters, for jumping, skipping, dancing dames, but that broad, beaten, pleasant road that leads to Hell. The gate of Heaven is too narrow for whole rounds, whole troupes of dancers to march in together." (Wm. Prynne, 1632) _\-/_\-/_\-/_\-/_\-/_\-/_\-/_\-/_\-/_\-/_\-/_\-/_\-/_\-/_ ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 15:21:29 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 23:21:51 +0100 From: Trevor Monson Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Welsh Country Dance To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <000f01befb12$22d94500$f958ac3e-AT- trevormo> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT References: <3.0.5.32.19990908083414.007b47d0-AT- pop.wanadoo.fr> ----- Original Message ----- From: M Sheffield To: Trevor Monson Sent: Wednesday, September 08, 1999 7:34 AM Subject: Re: Welsh Country Dance > Hello, Trevor. > > Many thanks for writing about WCD. > As I expected, the style is undoubtedly something that must be seen rather > than read about. > I had no idea what steps to use, the only advice in the instructions > accompanying the CD I bought were to dance even when not moving. > > The CD has examples of each of the different styles you mentioned, except > Clog. > > > Often, at the end of a phrase, > >3 "heel steps" are often done to suit the phrasing, > > Could you describe that for me? > > Obviously I'm not going in for WCD in a big way, but thought it might be > nice to add a dance or two to our ECD-SCD events so that the participants > will think they were getting some variety. > One dance that caught my notice is "Arglwydd Caernarfon", a 4-couple set > which changes orientation at each repetition -- could be fun -- so I'm > going to try it at our first dance of the season on Saturday . > > All the best, > > Martin, > in Grenoble, France. > --- > http://perso.wanadoo.fr/scots.in.france/ > (dancing, dances, cycling ...) Martin, 1) 3 heel steps. These are done on the last 3 beats of (normally) the last bar of the 8 bar phrase. They are done on the spot, and is just a simple step onto flat left foot, keeping right heel touching ground with toe sticking up, then hop onto flat right foot and touch left heel to ground with toe sticking up, and then hop back onto flat left foot with again with right heel on the floor with toe sticking up. Both feet are moved at the same time, and are kept together side by side, weight being mainly on flat foot. One of the main times this is used is half way through "Cross Heys". In a 3 couple dance 1st couple will cross between 2's & 3's and dance heys on their partners side, at the completion of the first hey everyone will do the 3 heel stamps before continuing the hey on their own side - and then finish the heys with 3 heel steps - the music always tells you! 2) Arglwydd Caernarfon. Good luck with it on Saturday! Don't forget to link little fingers with your partner when gipsying (frowned upon in ECD - but this is Welsh!) 3) "Abaty Llantony" (Llanthony Abbey - No. 7 on your C.D. "Cicio'r Nenbren") uses the cross heys as described in 1 above. The heel steps are never mentioned in the instructions as Welsh dancers just do them automatically. If you fancy trying that dance as well be careful with the timing in B2 - walk down for 4 steps only, walk back up for 4 steps and then dance the "rugby balls" (men cross ,ladies cross, men cross back, ladies cross back - all moving as a continuous movement) Best wishes (I only danced in Welsh, never could speak the language, so no Welsh phrase to finish off with!) Trevor Monson _________________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Get your free -AT- yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 16:02:18 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 18:49:33 -0400 From: Mary Beth Goodman Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: best class or workshop... To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT References: <3.0.5.32.19990909182019.007af8e0-AT- mindspring.com> Years and years ago, just after I discovered English Country Dancing, I took two series of dances with Penelope Nauman in Great Barrington Mass. These were weekly classes given over a few months, by subscription (you paid in full in advance). They were NOT weekly dances. They were classes. There was a small attendance but enough to dance longways and square formations. We worked on rather repetoire type dances and went back to them during the duration of the sessions. Often now, years later, when doing things like Up With Ailey and any number of other dances, I "hear" Penelope's instruction on what to do - surge into that line of three, or be sure to BE there in time for this circle etc - those things that aren't always obvious and yet make the dance. Our teacher was not afraid to stop what we were doing and ask that we do it her way. What did I take away from those classes? A certain confidence in doing dances, a good familiarity with some of the classics, a feeling of accomplishment for having mastered Step Stately. Somewhere in that same time period (it's all a blur to me now) I went to Pinewoods for E&A and took a class with Genny Shimer. I took home the music and dance for Quite Carried Away and Miss DeJersey's Memorial. AND I went away having heard, from someone who knew, something about how those dances were meant to be danced. whew. Great question Bob - thanks! Mary Beth ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 19:13:29 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 22:12:39 -0400 (EDT) From: CF1125-AT- aol.com Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: "Generic" English Dances To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT One further thought on the subject of "generic" dances: This is really one of the biggest differences between ECD and modern contra dancing. Most modern contras are "generic." Pick any 32 bar tunes, select from a small list of moves and put them together with a few rules (must add up to 32 bars, must progress, must swing partner and neighbor, some "flow" would be nice) and you've got contra dances that a hall-full of dancers will enjoy. This formula just doesn't work for ECD. Each dance needs to be distinctive in some way in order to be considered good. It should have its own tune, and the tune needs to match the moves, needs to be a good tune in its own right, etc. Distinctive moves are very important in what makes a good EC dance: think about Dick's Maggot, Fandango, Nonesuch, Mr. Isaac's, Morpeth Rant, Speed the Plow (thrown in for some local controversy...), etc., etc. So when we get what seems to be a generic EC dance, we cringe. Carl Friedman ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 19:24:53 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 22:23:41 -0400 From: Mary Beth Goodman Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: "Generic" English Dances To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT References: Carl wrote: >Morpeth Rant, Speed the Plow (thrown in for some local controversy...) These two dances are among the greatest English Dances ever danced! Mary Beth ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 19:40:16 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 22:39:50 -0400 (EDT) From: CF1125-AT- aol.com Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: "Generic" English Dances To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <4b001e2e.2509c976-AT- aol.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT In a message dated 9/9/99 10:26:56 PM, you wrote: <Morpeth Rant, Speed the Plow (thrown in for some local controversy...) These two dances are among the greatest English Dances ever danced! Mary Beth>> I (obviously) agree! Some of my friends, however, have other ideas. Carl ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 20:23:55 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 23:22:20 -0400 From: munisteri-AT- att.net Subject: Re: "Generic" English Dances To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Message-ID: <19990910032343.FHMF1503-AT- pavilion> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT On 9 Sep 99, at 22:12, CF1125-AT- aol.com wrote: Most modern contras are "generic." Pick any 32 bar tunes, > select from a small list of moves and put them together with a few rules > (must add up to 32 bars, must progress, must swing partner and neighbor, > some "flow" would be nice) and you've got contra dances that a hall-full > of dancers will enjoy. I had a friend who called such contra dances "Mr. Potato Head dances" (is Mr. Potato Head still around?). Let's face it; a large number of dances by even the best dance composers don't last very long, and I'm sure that many of the new dances that are very well received by us now will fade in a few years. And that many a dance captivates us because the tune permits a nuance of interaction that the figures by themselves would not do with a different tune, let alone those dances that are danced only because the tune is great and not heard often. (I have, of course, some personal candidates for each of these categories, but I won't mention them except to small groups that don't include anybody who can beat me up.) Cheers, Art Arthur A. Munisteri 123 West 93 Street, Apt. 1F New York, NY 10025 212-666-7728 (eve) 212-726-0010 (day) ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Fri, 10 Sep 1999 01:52:47 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Fri, 10 Sep 1999 10:04:51 +0200 (CEST) From: Tom Goodale Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: fandango To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT On Thu, 9 Sep 1999, Emma Rushton wrote: > Fandango again - I once taught Fandango to a group of Scottish dancers. > Should have been easy for them, as every move is found in many Scottish > dances. They had terrible trouble with timing and style, and in fact > barely got through the dance. I don't _think_ it was just me, as other > dances, less similar to what they were used to, went much better. As an aside, there is a Scottish dance the first half of which is just the same as the first half of Fandango - I think it's called 'The Fury', but it was a long time ago... It certainly doesn't feel at all like the Fandango to dance, 'though. > The style is all in the music, I think. The figures may be the same but > the way you do them is dictated by the music. Mostly, but the culture of the dance group you're in also can make quite a difference. Tom ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Fri, 10 Sep 1999 03:26:08 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Fri, 10 Sep 1999 05:26:42 -0500 From: Dianna Shipman Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: fandango To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <001501befb76$fe1d5340$3ee0490c-AT- pavilion> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT References: Most of my experience has been with Scottish dancing but I recently learned the dance The Wood Duck (which I like a lot) and have taught it twice to Scottish Country dancers - the "gypsy / gipsy" is very foreign to them - going around each other without hands seems strange and they're not used to THAT MUCH eye contact - and being all waltz steps - and the fact that it's much slower than they are used to - most are rather resistant to it - some like it right away - but I'd predict that with enough repetitions all except the most resistant will come to like the dance. It's the first dance on the Austin Scottish Country Dance ball program Dec. 11 (I have no idea why - but it is). Dianna Dianna L. Shipman diannashipman-AT- worldnet.att.net Dianna L. Shipman, P.C., Attorney at Law 1436 W.Gray, #134 Houston, TX 77019-4946 web page: http://home.att.net/~diannashipman phone: 713-522-1212 ----- Original Message ----- From: Tom Goodale To: Sent: Friday, September 10, 1999 3:04 AM Subject: Re: fandango > > > On Thu, 9 Sep 1999, Emma Rushton wrote: > > > Fandango again - I once taught Fandango to a group of Scottish dancers. > > Should have been easy for them, as every move is found in many Scottish > > dances. They had terrible trouble with timing and style, and in fact > > barely got through the dance. I don't _think_ it was just me, as other > > dances, less similar to what they were used to, went much better. > > As an aside, there is a Scottish dance the first half of which is just the > same as the first half of Fandango - I think it's called 'The Fury', but > it was a long time ago... > > It certainly doesn't feel at all like the Fandango to dance, 'though. > > > The style is all in the music, I think. The figures may be the same but > > the way you do them is dictated by the music. > > Mostly, but the culture of the dance group you're in also can make quite > a difference. > > Tom > > ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Fri, 10 Sep 1999 05:25:10 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Fri, 10 Sep 1999 07:23:31 -0500 From: Mike Mudrey Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: "Generic" English Dances To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <4.1.19990910072140.00990c90-AT- popmail.tds.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Bop, My reaction to the Bare Necessities St Croix week were similar.... Let me describe a typical evening: first corners cross second corner cross 3 changes of right and left insert one other standard figure repeat 7 or 8 times start new dance. If the music is good...but if the music is hum drum.... I enjoyed meeting you at English last week...learned a lot,and I greatly appreciate you coice of dances and activites. Mike At 01:20 PM 9/9/1999 -0700, you wrote: >This was something that struck me on Friday night of Pinewoods' >English week. A lot of the recently composed English dances we >had been doing all week came across to me as being very generic. >Take an average tune that hasn't been used before, put some >combination of turns, casts, circular heys and setting to it and >voila, a new dance, but one that was utterly forgettable. > >I rather expect to be out on a limb with this one - for a number of >reasons I am unwilling to trust my judgement about this feeling >which is why I'm asking for other comments. I'd also like to make it >clear that there are a lot of recently composed English dances >which I think are wonderful, not at all generic and that really add >something to the repertoire, I am certainly not trying to knock >recently composed dances in general or any dance composer in >particular. > >Bob > > > > >---------------------------------------------------------- >-- Bob Archer bob-AT- hottub.demon.co.uk Mike Mudrey P.O. Box 22 New Glarus, Wisconsin 53574-0022 mgmudrey-AT- madison.tds.net ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Fri, 10 Sep 1999 10:13:52 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Fri, 10 Sep 1999 13:13:09 -0400 (EDT) From: DavBarnert-AT- aol.com Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Back From Pinewoods To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Brad Sayler wrote: >I'm a firm believer that dance class names should describe the >dances that will be taught, not the dancers they intend to >attract. I try to include terms like challenging, less >challenging, or easy along with some words that describe the >focus or source of the dances; Pat Shaw, historical, traditional >and the like. I agree. Not just classes, but events, as well. Fifteen years ago, I was involved in a series of contradances in NYC (anybody remember "Olivebridge 4"?). We wanted to make it challenging dances for experienced dancers. I insisted (and won out) that the publicity include the word "challenging" and not "experienced" as some of the others wanted. ______ /\/\/\/\ _______ <______> | | | | | /__|____\ David Barnert <______> | | | | | /___|_____\ <______> | | | | | /____|______\ Albany, N.Y. <______> \/\/\/\/ /_____|_______\ Ventilator Concertina Hammered Bellows Bellows Dulcimer (Vocation) (Avocation) (Those were the days) ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Fri, 10 Sep 1999 10:13:54 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Fri, 10 Sep 1999 13:12:59 -0400 (EDT) From: DavBarnert-AT- aol.com Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: "Generic" English Dances To: mgoodman-AT- albany.net, ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <198244a5.250a961b-AT- aol.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT >>Morpeth Rant, Speed the Plow (thrown in for some local >>controversy...) > >These two dances are among the greatest English Dances ever >danced! Take your clogs off, Mary Beth! ;-) BTW, Larry Jennings, in his early 1980s book "Zesty Contras," uses the word "storyline" to describe an element he thinks essential to the zesty contradance. Reading all the comments about "Generic" English Dances made me think that perhaps this is just what's missing in them. ______ /\/\/\/\ <______> | | | | | David Barnert <______> | | | | | <______> | | | | | Albany, N.Y. <______> \/\/\/\/ Ventilator Concertina Bellows Bellows (Vocation) (Avocation) ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Fri, 10 Sep 1999 10:56:22 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Fri, 10 Sep 1999 11:02:00 -0700 From: Bob Archer Subject: Re: fandango To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Message-ID: <199909101756.KAA31069-AT- wolfenet.com> Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT rushton-AT- biology.utah.edu (Emma Rushton) wrote: > >(Side note, anyone who is ever tempted to do "The Fandango" to > >contra reels, please don't - it is unbelievably horrible. I knew it > >wasn't going to work well but I was shocked by how dreadful it > >turned out). > > What was so bad, Bob? Was it that the turns and casts and lead-up are too > leisurely for contra music? Or was it simply that you are so used to doing > Fandango to Fandango's tune that anything else is unthinkable? I'm sure part of it was that the tune for Fandango is so closely associated with the dance in my head that anything else would feel odd, but things like the turns and casts just didn't work at all. Maybe there are some contras with 8 step tunes or 8 step casts in but I haven't come across them yet. > >I tried running one session called "What is an English Dance?" > >where I attempted to show that the cross over in figures between > >English / American and Scottish dance forms is so prevalent that it > >can be difficult to say for certain what tradition a dance is from. > > Fandango again - I once taught Fandango to a group of Scottish dancers. > Should have been easy for them, as every move is found in many Scottish > dances. They had terrible trouble with timing and style, and in fact > barely got through the dance. I don't _think_ it was just me, as other > dances, less similar to what they were used to, went much better. This was actually the session at which I did Fandango to contra reels. The way I ran the session was to do dances to the "wrong" music and ask people which tradition they though the dances were from. We actually managed to find one (Ted's Triplet #15 - pause for cheering from the hall) which would work in a number of different styles depending on the music that was used. > The style is all in the music, I think. The figures may be the same but > the way you do them is dictated by the music. Agreed - the music makes such a difference. Bob ---------------------------------------------------------- -- Bob Archer bob-AT- hottub.demon.co.uk ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Fri, 10 Sep 1999 10:56:25 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Fri, 10 Sep 1999 11:02:00 -0700 From: Bob Archer Subject: Re: "Generic" English Dances To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Message-ID: <199909101756.KAA03108-AT- wolfenet.com> Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Carl Friedman wrote: > One further thought on the subject of "generic" dances: > This is really one of the biggest differences between ECD and modern contra > dancing. Most modern contras are "generic." Pick any 32 bar tunes, select > from a small list of moves and put them together with a few rules (must add > up to 32 bars, must progress, must swing partner and neighbor, some "flow" > would be nice) and you've got contra dances that a hall-full of dancers will > enjoy. This formula just doesn't work for ECD. Each dance needs to be > distinctive in some way in order to be considered good. It should have its > own tune, and the tune needs to match the moves, needs to be a good tune in > its own right, etc. Distinctive moves are very important in what makes a good > EC dance: think about Dick's Maggot, Fandango, Nonesuch, Mr. Isaac's, Morpeth > Rant, Speed the Plow (thrown in for some local controversy...), etc., etc. So > when we get what seems to be a generic EC dance, we cringe. This was really the connection I was trying to make - I have trouble distinguishing many modern contras, and I have to say that by the end of English week I was having trouble distinguishing between ECDs (lack of sleep might also have played a part here). I also have to say that I found many of the tunes uninspiring, but music tends to be an intensely personal thing anyway. Someone mentioned "Take A Dance" which to my taste is nothing without the tune - even more specific, it is nothing without the tune being played in a certain way to give it some real drive. I'd put Holborn March in the same category. I do both dances regularly. If they had been set to less wonderful tunes I wouldn't. Speed the Plough really needs to be done with the right style of music and the right attitude from the dancers. I'm not sure if anyone on the list was at my final ceilidh class where we did Speed the Plough but I think everyone in that class had the right attitude (how many step hops does it take to get from one end of C# to the other?), and the music was excellent (Doug Creighton, Mary Lea and Peter Barnes). Bob ---------------------------------------------------------- -- Bob Archer bob-AT- hottub.demon.co.uk ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Fri, 10 Sep 1999 12:58:17 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Fri, 10 Sep 1999 15:57:30 -0400 From: Patricia Ruggiero Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Same dance, different tune To: English Dance Message-ID: <000101befbc6$b6e993d0$e998ffd0-AT- g9tfz.MITRE.org> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Speaking of Take a Dance.... Take a Dance and Ore Boggy are the same dance, but the different tunes create such different moods that I've often wondered if dancers would notice they had done the same dance twice if both were on the program one evening. In fact, the moods are so different that one might well ask if indeed one had done the "same" dance twice. Pat ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sat, 11 Sep 1999 08:22:13 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sat, 11 Sep 1999 11:28:38 -0400 From: "Mary K. Friday" Subject: Re: Request List from English Week (Was: Back from Pinewoods) To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Message-ID: <37DA7526.D50-AT- erols.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: MESSAGE/RFC822 Date: Thu, 09 Sep 1999 15:05:24 -0400 From: "Mary K. Friday" Subject: Re: Request List from English Week (Was: Back from Pinewoods) To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Reply-to: marykfriday-AT- erols.com Message-id: <37D804F4.79C0-AT- erols.com> MIME-version: 1.0 X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.01C-DH397 (Win95; I) Content-type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT References: <009DDBBD.E9EADBBD.1-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu> > Date: Sun, 05 Sep 1999 10:11:04 -0400 > From: Mary Beth Goodman > Subject: Back from Pinewoods > Gene - would it be possible to share the results of the balloting > that resulted in Thursday and Friday night dances here? I'd be > curious to hear the full range of dances that were suggested, > although I was so happy that Morpeth got danced I didn't really care > about the rest. Oh all right - yes it was good that Nonesuch and > Fandango got done too - what's a week without Nonesuch? ;-) > > Mary Beth <-- feet UP Susan Murrow and I tallied the votes, then I compiled the results, ordering by highest number of votes. We tallied a total of 574 votes from 126 ballots (each camper was invited to cast up to 5 votes). Votes were cast for 158 different dances. This process was compared to the Boston Centre's Fall Favorites, where registrants can vote for up to 5 dances, but this exercise was different in a couple of important ways: Boston dancers (as I understand it) are given a list of perhaps 200-300 dances that have been danced there from which to choose, while the ED Week campers pulled 158 different titles out of their heads (quite a feat, I think). Also, in Boston, dancers have several days (or all year) in which to consider their votes, while, at camp, ballots were handed out at lunch -- dessert time! -- and turned in on the way out of the dining hall. Here are the results: Nominations for Request Night English Dance Week 1999 27 votes: Elizabeth Miss de Jersey's Memorial 17 votes: Well Hall 15 votes: Fandango 14 votes: Dublin Bay 13 votes: Prime Minister 12 votes: Easter Morn 11 votes: Morpeth Rant The Punch Bowl Quite Carr-ied Away Sarah 10 votes: K & E 9 votes: Bare Necessities Newcastle Smithy Hill 8 votes: Hambleton's Round O The Homecoming Hudson Barn 7 votes: Barbarini's Tambourine Mad Robin The Mavis Sweetly Sings Sun Assembly 6 votes: The American Husband Fair and Softly From Aberdeen Good Man of Cambridge John Tallis's Canon Nonesuch Peace Be With You Up With Aily 5 votes: Come Let's Be Merry Dusty Miller Levi Jackson Rag The Old Mill Prince William St. Margaret's Hill Sally in Our lley Trip to Kilburn 4 votes: All Saints' Day Ashford Anniversary Barham Down Collier's Daughter Dick's Maggot Dover Pier In the Bleak Midwinter Knives and Forks The Lover's Knot Michael and All Angels Randolph Farewell Unrequited Love Winter Memories Young Widow 3 votes: The Female Saylor The First Lady Going to Barbados Handel With Care Heidenroslein Jack's Health The Lover's Farewell Mr. Isaac's Maggot Mover and Shaker O! Susato Picking Up Sticks Queen's Jig Rose of Sharon Round Pond Speed the Plough Step Stately Wa' Is Me Wibsey Roundabout 2 votes: Albany Assembly Bar a Bar The Bishop Circle Saraband Dunant House Waltz The Enchanted Place Face the Music Flowers of Edinburgh Gathering Peascods Grimstock Hole in the Wall The Introduction Irish Lamentation Jacques Latin La Russe Lilliburlero Nottingham Swing The Pursuit Round About Our Coal Fires Severn Bore Shrewsbury Lasses Song of the Harpist Take a Dance Trip to Paris Trip to Tunbridge True Kit Walpole Cottage Wedding Ring Willow Tree Wood Duck 1 each: Andrea's Waltz Apley House The Astonished Archaeologist Astoria Lass Bartlett House Bath Carnival Bellamira Bonny Cuckoo British Sorrow Bury Fair Cadger's Caper Corelli's Maggot Cumberland Square 8 Dargason Dorset 4-Hand Reel Duke of Kent's Waltz Easter Thursday Elverton Grove Epping Forest Fenterlarick A Girl's Best Friend Gigue for Genny Helena Hey Boys, Up Go We Hortonia Jack's Maggot Jacob Hall's Jig Kelsterne Gardens King of Poland Laurelhurst Long Live London Love's Triumph Lull Me Beyond Thee Mayfair Measured Obsession The Merry Andrew Miss Anderson's Allemand Mr. Ganniford's Maggot Nan's Waltz A New Beginning Perpetual Motion Petronella The Phoenix Pinewoods Reel Rafe's Waltz Red House Rufty Tufty St. Martin's Lane Scotch Morris Sweet Jenny Jones The Tempest Trip to the Jubilee Trip to Orpington The Wedding of Maia and David Whirligig Winter Solstice Winter Waltz Wooin' Mairi Mary Kay Friday Washington, DC ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sat, 11 Sep 1999 10:26:37 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sat, 11 Sep 1999 13:26:22 -0400 From: "Emily L. Ferguson" Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Request List from English Week (Was: Back from Pinewoods) To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Hmmm. I wasn't there but the list sure sounds awfully familiar. Are we all doing basically the same repertoire around the country? But only 2 votes for the Bish? Sad. Emily L. Ferguson - Cape Cod, Massachusetts elf-AT- cape.com Photographer, English Country Dance leader Small brave carnivores Kill pine cones and mosquitoes. Fear vacuum cleaner. from "Kitty Haiku" ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sat, 11 Sep 1999 11:01:27 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sat, 11 Sep 1999 19:01:22 +0100 From: Hugh Stewart Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Request List from English Week (Was: Back from Pinewoods) To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <37DA98F2.3F9C1910-AT- ugsolutions.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT References: <37DA7526.D50-AT- erols.com> Mary K. Friday wrote: > Susan Murrow and I tallied the votes, then I compiled the results, > ordering by highest number of votes. We tallied a total of 574 votes > from 126 ballots (each camper was invited to cast up to 5 votes). Votes > were cast for 158 different dances. Thanks, your list makes fascinating reading. I think Bob Archer and Fried Herman had quite an influence there! It encourages me to have a go at Easter Morn (which I have never danced), and inspires me to ask why Hudson Barn is so wonderful. I tried it recently (since it is on the Boston Centre Bare Necessities CD) and felt it was very hard work on the timing for not very much reward; was there some subtle point I had failed to understand? (I don't think I was trying to dance it to the wrong track on the CD, though that has been a problem for me in the past.) ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sat, 11 Sep 1999 12:01:58 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sat, 11 Sep 1999 13:55:23 +0000 From: Mary Stafford Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Hudson Barn To: 'English Country Dance List' Message-ID: <01BEFC5D.C92ED400-AT- mes.world.std.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Hugh Stewart asks why Hudson Barn is so popular, and notes that when he danced it to the new Bare Necessities CD he found it unrewarding for the effort. I must say that I found this cut less than satisfactory. When I first danced Hudson Barn a number of years back, I quickly added it to my all-times-favorites list. Its driving tune was well connected to driving and exciting figures which offered pleasure to both first and second couples. Alas, over the years, the tempo at which BN plays this wonderful dance has been slowed down, and on the new CD it seems as dreamy as Well Hall or Mad Robin- and frankly, feels totally toothless at this tempo. Don't get me wrong- I love both those dances, too. But Hudson Barn's appeal was not in its dream-like quality, but in its driving quality. I can only suggest that you get some other band to play the tune ("Dance to Your Daddy") at a speedier tempo and try the dance again to that- see if you like those circles and two-hand turns better! Mary Stafford ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sat, 11 Sep 1999 12:50:22 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sat, 11 Sep 1999 15:50:10 -0400 From: "Emily L. Ferguson" Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Hudson Barn To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Actually Jacqueline always intended it to be slower than it's gotten to be outside of BN's world. And personally I think it becomes even more confusing and hard to keep track of how far your starred or circled when it's put up at a brisker tempo. True to second half is pretty good at a breathless Dublin Bay sort of tempo, but too many people don't turn to come back at the right time and then the sets get messy. I was there at it's debut. Damned if I can remember anything about the tempo it first appeared at. If Peter's still on the list he might be able to ask Jacqueline for her recollections and Earl was there too and he might remember. Emily L. Ferguson - Cape Cod, Massachusetts elf-AT- cape.com Photographer, English Country Dance leader Small brave carnivores Kill pine cones and mosquitoes. Fear vacuum cleaner. from "Kitty Haiku" ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sat, 11 Sep 1999 15:39:13 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sat, 11 Sep 1999 17:29:53 +0000 From: Mary Stafford Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Hudson Barn To: 'English Country Dance List' Message-ID: <01BEFC7C.10D21420-AT- mes.world.std.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Emily Ferguson points out that Jacqueline "always" intended H.B. to be slower. Clearly the current tempo is a decision made by Bare Necessities, and by Jacqueline, and of course it *is* her dance. Still, I do remember dancing it at a brisker tempo originally, and at the risk of sounding like the punch line of a bad joke ("Not *that* shaggy!"), a tempo somewhere between too fast for comfort and too slow to enjoy the drive of the figures of the first part would be nice..... Oh, well, I'll just have to savor the memory. Mary Stafford ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sat, 11 Sep 1999 15:57:31 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sat, 11 Sep 1999 18:51:17 -0400 From: Mary Beth Goodman Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Hudson Barn To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT References: Emily wrote: >Actually Jacqueline always intended it to be slower than it's gotten to be >outside of BN's world. And personally I think it becomes even more >confusing and hard to keep track of how far your starred or circled when >it's put up at a brisker tempo. I think what I remember from first doing it years ago wasn't that it was faster but that the tune was played in a more driving way - more emphasis on the beat. Mary Beth ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sat, 11 Sep 1999 18:40:12 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sat, 11 Sep 1999 21:40:07 -0400 (EDT) From: JoAnne Rawls Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Easter Morn, Bury Fair To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <19990912014007.86934.qmail-AT- hotmail.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Hugh writes: >It encourages me to have a go at Easter Morn (which I have never danced), >and >inspires me to ask why Hudson Barn is so wonderful. I tried it recently >(since it is on the Boston Centre Bare Necessities CD) and felt it was >very hard work on the timing for not very much reward; was there some >subtle point I had failed to understand? (I don't think I was trying to >dance it to the wrong track on the CD, though that has been a problem for >me >in the past.) So how did you like Easter Morn, Hugh? Our dance group recently learned it to the BN music, and I really like it. On the other hand, we tried Bury Fair, and nobody seemed to "get it" at all. The only way we could make it fit the music was to bail out of the hey early. After finally dancing it through several repetitions and congratulating ourselves that we had it at last, we finished several bars before the music did! Has anyone else had problems with that dance? JoAnne Rawls Newport News, VA ______________________________________________________ Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sat, 11 Sep 1999 19:43:00 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Fri, 10 Sep 1999 20:39:23 -0600 From: William DeRagon Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Request List from English Week (Was: Back from Pinewoods) To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <19990910.203932.-932287.0.wderagon-AT- juno.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Mary Kay Friday wrote: >> Date: Sun, 05 Sep 1999 10:11:04 -0400 >> From: Mary Beth Goodman >> Subject: Back from Pinewoods >> Gene - would it be possible to share the results of the balloting >> that resulted in Thursday and Friday night dances here? >> >> Mary Beth <-- feet UP >Susan Murrow and I tallied the votes, then I compiled the results, >ordering by highest number of votes. We tallied a total of 574 votes >from 126 ballots (each camper was invited to cast up to 5 votes). Votes >were cast for 158 different dances. Thanks for posting the list ... and thanks to ED Week campers for generating it. 'Prime Minister' was a highly favored dance (#6 on the list) and one I am not familiar with. Is this a relatively new dance? ...or am I just in an ECD backwater? William DeRagon Albuquerque, NM ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sat, 11 Sep 1999 20:36:58 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sat, 11 Sep 1999 23:17:16 -0400 From: Mary Beth Goodman Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Request List from English Week (Was: Back from Pinewoods) To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT References: <19990910.203932.-932287.0.wderagon-AT- juno.com> William asked: >'Prime Minister' was a highly favored dance (#6 on the list) and one I am >not familiar with. Is this a relatively new dance? ...or am I just in an >ECD backwater? Perhaps Bob would like to tell you more about it..... since he called it that night. I was watching, and I would give it a top score for the most interesting story line of the week. I will say that it's a 9 person , 3 X 3 grid formation dance and seems to require a hat. Mary Beth ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sun, 12 Sep 1999 08:34:30 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sun, 12 Sep 1999 11:34:17 -0400 From: Harold Griswold Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: How to sign off? To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Could someone send instructions about unsubscribing from this list? Thanks very much. Gene Griswold ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sun, 12 Sep 1999 10:38:05 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sun, 12 Sep 1999 10:38:05 +0700 From: adpete-AT- jps.net Subject: Re: Dance Camp, Campers & Classes To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Message-ID: <37dbe4fd.155.0-AT- jps.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Bob Archer wrote: >I think we're in danger of simply saying that an advanced dancer is >one who is capable of doing certain difficult dances or moves >(shades of the Modern Western Square Dance movement here) >rather than someone who has good dancing technique. I've danced >with many people who were beginners to ECD (and therefore didn't >know all of the moves) but were still marvellous dancers. > On the other hand I have known people for years who think thay are "experienced" dancers but they have never advanced beyond the beginner stage of frantically getting from point "A" to point "B". They simply don't care about learning to dance better because they are under the impression that they already know it all. It isn't just a matter of being a recreational dancer vs. a "fanatic". They are in a group which I call "perpetual beginners". Something I have come to realize recently is that ECD and Contra both require the dancer to think ahead to the next figure and where they need to be at a given time in the dance. The people who are perpetually late, rushing to catch up, dragging their feet, etc. never think ahead. They have retained a beginners concept that they have to finish a figure and pause at "home" before they can start the next one rather than moving through a space and into the next figure. As for the titles on classes at camps, workshops, etc. I agree with many of the people who say the name of a class should reflect its contents. I also agree with Bob that teaching good technique is important to any class no matter what level we might assign to it. I believe that a week or weekend at camp should have classes during the day that teach better technique and styling while evenings should be reserved for relaxed party dancing. I have been to weekends where there was really very little actual teaching. It might as well have been done in the same form as a dawn dance where it is one big party with different people calling and playing. I've had discussions with callers who are afraid of offending "experienced" dancers by teaching a styling point during an evening dance. I disagree with this attitude because as an experienced dancer I would like to see more people learn better technique and style. The only place most people learn is at the evening dances and putting in subtle styling points while teaching the figures ultimately enhances everyones enjoyment of the dance. But then I have spent the last thirty+ years learning to dance and realize that I still don't know it all. Andy Peterson Portland, Oregon ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sun, 12 Sep 1999 10:48:24 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sun, 12 Sep 1999 13:44:42 -0400 From: "Gary M. Roodman" Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Advice on Wireless Microphones To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <3.0.5.32.19990912134442.0203e650-AT- mailbox.cc.binghamton.edu> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Dear Dancers, I need a little advice and it occurs to me that some of you will be able to provide it. I want to buy a wireless microphone. I am interested to know about people's experiences with the various possibilities. I would prefer a headset or a button mike. Are they equally good? Is feedback a problem? What about comfort? I see they can be very expensive. Are there some that are better buys than other? What else do I need to know? Any help you can provide will be appreciated. It is probably best for you to respond directly to me rather than to the list (unless there is a huge outcry of interest in this narrow subject). Gary ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sun, 12 Sep 1999 11:30:45 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sun, 12 Sep 1999 11:30:43 +0700 From: adpete-AT- jps.net Subject: Re: Dance Camp, Campers & Classes To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Message-ID: <37dbf153.14ad.0-AT- jps.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT >Helen Tuzio >Mary Beth's insights have left us much to ponder. > >I personally prefer a graded method of classes, to encourage beginner >students and to allow experienced folks to dance at their level. In the >past few years I have twice found myself a beginner in a class of >experienced dancers. One was a Beginner Morris class which was filled >with Morris dancers who wanted to learn a new tradition. I found myself >sinking a few times, but stuck it out because I knew I had every right to >be there. Had the course been billed as anything other than beginner >level, I would have dropped out and missed a thrilling experience. This reminds me of my first experiences at Pinewoods years ago. The longsword class was not graded and I went because it sounded interesting, new and different. I ended up in a set with seven VERY experienced dancers who had all been coming to Pinewoods for years. (Back in those days there weren't long waiting lists and many people went to camp every summer for both dance weeks.) It was a bit intimidating being the only one in the set that didn't know what he was doing, but on the other hand I learned it much faster than if the whole set had been struggling to learn. The same was somewhat true of the Morris classes. Although they were graded classes, each class was a different tradition and there were experienced people in the beginners class because they wanted to do that tradition. >The second time I found myself in this position, the course was not >identified by level. However, the instructor wanted to teach an >experienced class (or so it seemed) and frightened away most of the >beginners. In this case it would have been helpful to have the class >billed as Advanced so the rest of us would not have wasted our efforts >while holding back the rest of the class. The class list should at least have had some indication of what the instructor intended to accomplish in the class. I'm not sure that I agree with the "Beginner", "Intermediate" and "Advanced" labels but favor a breif statement of what the class will involve. >The term "Advanced" gives me the impression that I'll be able to dance in >that class without care. Too many times I have found myself in a >position of having to direct or teach dance (not specifically ECD) when I >don't consider myself an instructor. The idea of going to a workshop >merely to DANCE is an exciting prospect. When I go to a "workshop", I expect it to be somewhat instructive. Some are mearly big dance parties. Don't get me wrong, I am not opposed to having some class period during a weekend or week that allows a person to relax and just enjoy dancing, but to me the intent of a workshop is to improve/enhance the abilities of those who attend. To me, the evenings are the primary time for instruction-free dancing. >Having said that, I have been dancing English country for roughly five >years, and went off to Pinewoods with full intention of taking Gene's >Advanced class. Yet, I found myself in Bob Archer's Intermediate class >Sunday morning. I headed in that direction because Bob had said he >intended to teach dance technique. What a great thing! His class was >FUN, lively and very informative. Frankly, with no intended offense to >anyone, he taught things that nearly all of us could use, regardless of >level. Yet some people specifically said they did not belong in that >class because it was "Intermediate"!! What a shame! The "Intermediate" >label should not keep people away (although in this case, Gene's >"Advanced" class was also draw). I wonder what would have happened if >the two classes had not been offered at the same time...Or if English >week were extended to two weeks...:-) I think that if the instructor is good we can all learn from them regardless of the class level. I remember a dance week at Brasstown at which George Marshall taught a couples dance class. I had been dancing every one of those dances for years but still learned a few little pointers from him. I went to the class with the main purpose of being there to help others learn, but I came away a better dancer because of it. I also think it has a lot to do with the dancers individual attitude. I know people who are not very good dancers who probably wouldn't benefit from anyone's class because they have the attitude that they already know it and wouldn't pay attention. I have gone to workshops where I learned a lot but felt that I didn't learn it as well as I should have. I went to a Finnish workshop in Vancouver, BC several years ago with an instructor who knew very little English. I was frustrated by our inability to communicate. I went to another workshop with him and he had learned more English and I learned a lot more from him because he was better able to put his ideas across to the group. Many of the people at both workshops were Finnish, but at the first one their dance knowledge was limited and they had trouble translating for those of us who didn't understand the instructor. The syllabus was in Finnish and we have had to rely on video tapes and notes that we took in order to teach the dances to the rest of our group. Andy Peterson Portland, Oregon ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sun, 12 Sep 1999 13:19:48 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sun, 12 Sep 1999 21:17 +0100 From: graham-AT- gcknight.demon.co.uk Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT I have been asked to post the following to the list. The Dolmetsch Historical Dance Society Preliminary conference announcement ON COMMON GROUND 3 John Playford and The English Dancing Master 1651 Conference, workshops and Ball to mark the 350th anniversary of the first book on dancing in England. In conjunction with The English Folk Dance and Song Society Cecil Sharp House London Saturday - Sunday 24 -25th March 2001 To register for further information and call for papers contact The DHDS Conference Administrator, David Wilson, 115 Chesterton Road, CAMBRIDGE, CB 4 3AR, England. Telephone +44 (0)1223 511175 e-mail conference-AT- dhds.org.uk http://www.dhds.org.uk/ ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sun, 12 Sep 1999 14:45:14 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sun, 12 Sep 1999 17:45:01 -0400 From: Benjamin Stein Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Dance Camp, Campers & Classes To: "INTERNET:ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.Stanford.EDU" Message-ID: <199909121745_MC2-8486-D82A-AT- compuserve.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT I have been dancing for over 50 years, have been calling since 1942 and teaching (note: I differentiate between calling and teaching) for about 25 of those years but I often still find myself enrolling in the "intermediate" dance class. All to often the "experienced" or "advanced" class is filled with people who want to learn new and complicated dances. IMHO a truly experienced or advanced dancer should be able to learn dances from the written description and the music (assuming he or she can either read music, which I can't, or has live or recorded music available)or at least from a walk through. When I go to a workshop or dance camp I would hope to receive pointers on style and technique-areas where I can never learn enough. I do think a rating system of some sort is necessary but I am not sure just what, even after all these years. I am delighted when somone like Bruce Hamilton has the guts to say that this or that workshop will NOT be teaching a lot of new dances but will be struggling with timing, style and other "essentials". I often do not know, until I get ther and ask, wether "advanced" means complicated dances or "dancing". Ben Stein Burlington, Vt. USA dancers-AT- compuserve.com ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sun, 12 Sep 1999 18:26:18 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sun, 12 Sep 1999 18:31:19 -0700 From: Heyer Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Dance Camp, Campers & Classes To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <01befd87$ae36ecc0$11eaadce-AT- default> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT It seems as if the two themes emerging here are "we want more instruction on style and technique" and "we'd like to know what's going to be taught in the class" and I'd just like to squeak "Me too!" on both points. I'd even go so far as to say that it would be great to get more style pointers at the regular dances in my area, although I realize that's dumping yet another task on the callers. Marian Phillips San Francisco ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Mon, 13 Sep 1999 01:45:42 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Mon, 13 Sep 1999 09:45:31 +0100 From: Hugh Stewart Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Easter Morn, Bury Fair To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <37DCB9AB.228C87A7-AT- ugsolutions.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT References: <19990912014007.86934.qmail-AT- hotmail.com> JoAnne Rawls wrote: > > Hugh writes: > > > So how did you like Easter Morn, Hugh? Our dance group recently learned it > to the BN music, and I really like it. I haven't tried it yet, but I was looking it up and getting confused. Is the circle right after the star left what was intended? I would expect a circle left. A minor point, I know, but I dare say the great Internet Oracle will know the answer. ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Mon, 13 Sep 1999 04:25:27 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Mon, 13 Sep 1999 07:24:36 -0400 From: Sharon A McKinley Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Same dance, different tune To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT pat et al.; that's exactly what happened last month in baltimore. the caller was late, so someone called Take a dance as a stopgap. then the caller arrived and did ore boggy (i think that was it), and then yet another almost-identical dance. i was amazed and a little annoyed, until someone pointed out that the music made each one feel different. oh, well, i still like Take a dance best. nice tune. and to carl. i guess i do sometimes respond to a thread from 3 days ago. and yes, everyone, i'm sure carl meant me when talking about morpeth rant and speed the plow. i've never overly liked them; i find them awkward to do to the music. maybe it's my partner (it WAS you i did one of them with recently, wasn't it, carl?). maybe if i did 'em in clogs... ;-) well, viva la difference. if we all liked the same stuff it'd get pretty boring, perhaps. and i wouldn't be exposed to things that i then learn to like. sharon "philistine" mckinley, and not an official grumbler for any government agency (and a darn good thing too, or maybe i'd have REALLY found my calling!) >>> Patricia Ruggiero 09/10 3:57 PM >>> Speaking of Take a Dance.... Take a Dance and Ore Boggy are the same dance, but the different tunes create such different moods that I've often wondered if dancers would notice they had done the same dance twice if both were on the program one evening. In fact, the moods are so different that one might well ask if indeed one had done the "same" dance twice. Pat ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Mon, 13 Sep 1999 05:07:01 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Mon, 13 Sep 1999 08:06:45 -0400 From: Benjamin Stein Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Easter Morn, Bury Fair To: "INTERNET:ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.Stanford.EDU" Message-ID: <199909130806_MC2-849A-D0A7-AT- compuserve.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT The circle right after the star left is correct. We tried the dance at our local group last Friday and it flows beutifully. Try it-the star left and the circle right go in the same direction. The major problem during the dance is moving the circle fast enough so that you get back to your own side in time for the gates (which flow right out of the circle). This was aggrevated by the fact that we ran our set diagonally in the hall rather than making two sets. This contributed to some disorientation. Had we made two shorter sets, parallel with the walls, I don't think the problem would have occurred. A comment on another subject entirely. As nice as Morpeth Rant and Speed the Plow may be; when you are in your late 70s, with bad knees, the minute you hear a dance mentioned with a rant step, you sit it out! Dances like that may be fun, but not when the knees give out and you can't even fake the footwork. Ben Stein Burlington Vt. USA dancers-AT- compuserve.com ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Mon, 13 Sep 1999 09:15:10 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Mon, 13 Sep 1999 12:14:56 -0400 (EDT) From: JBGrun-AT- aol.com Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Easter Morn, Bury Fair To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT In a message dated 9/13/99 4:47:54 AM, hugh-AT- ugsolutions.com writes: << Is the circle right after the star left what was intended? I would expect a circle left. >> That's another of the great moments of ED. (Cf. one of last year's threads.) The star left dissolving in to the circle right. A different story. Try it, you'll love it. Judy-who's-been-planning-to-join-the-camp-class & workshop-levels-discussion-but-still-thinking- &-clarifying-own-mind-Grunberg. ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Mon, 13 Sep 1999 11:32:28 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Mon, 13 Sep 1999 14:32:00 -0400 From: Patricia Ruggiero Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Country dance traditions To: English Dance Message-ID: <000301befe16$44526a20$5598ffd0-AT- g9tfz.MITRE.org> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT On 9/9/99, Bob Archer wrote: > I tried running one session called "What is an English Dance?" where I attempted to show that the cross over in figures between English / American and Scottish dance forms is so prevalent that it can be difficult to say for certain what tradition a dance is from. Hello, Bob, I'm wondering if you would expound on this topic because it is one in which I am very interested also. Specifically: 1) what is your hypothesis? 2) in what centuries are you working? 3) what traditions have you identified and how do you define them? 4) what primary sources are you using? what secondary sources? 5) what figures, combinations of figures, steps, and dances are you examining? 6) are you analyzing the music in conjunction with the dance figures? Looking forward to hearing your ideas -- Pat Ruggiero ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Mon, 13 Sep 1999 11:55:28 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Mon, 13 Sep 1999 11:54:22 -0700 From: timelord01-AT- sprynet.com Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Country dance traditions To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <199909131855.OAA24279-AT- smtp7.atl.mindspring.net> Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Folks, For what it's worth, the focus may be a tad too narrow. Having too many years studying and performing dances worldwide, I feel that there a lot more commonality in terms of the vocabulary of dance movements between various cultures which look to be too separated culturally or geographically to be related. The tie seems to be more in terms of using dance to express the human condition. Certainly, there are connections we can trace over time, especially since must of this is living ethnology, and as we go more toward the modern time, the mobility of society allows for a lot more cross pollination (just look what's happened to language). And of course proximity helps, such as trace influences between English dance and Irish, Scottish, Welsh, German, French movements, and watching how they do/don't come together when crossing the great water to America, splitting off into the New England, Southern, Blue Grass, Appalachian, branches, which were in turn influenced by other inrushes of immigrants, often from completely different places. In Morrisland there's been a lot of talk comparing some of the movements and ritual intent behind English Morris dance and the Romanian Kalushari. The movements and music are radically different (I've danced both), yet the common bind is the link to a springtime tradition, and some of the folk characters or roles which are manifest. At the same time, you can find all kinds of links or similarities. The Morris galley is almost exactly the same as a Hungarian Korcos leg spin. The English setting step is a padeba (sic) in Balkan and other dance. Some say Scottish movements have varied from their origins, adopting ballet movements of the time in an attempt to emulate other classes or culture. The English rant is almost a Hungarian bokazoe (sic) closing step. Some of the advance/retreat movements in ECD duplicate exactly the approach rituals in middle eastern dance, down to the same timing and action. I guess all I'm saying with all this babble is not to artificially limit yourselves to "it's just this". Yes, drinking from the full faucet of all possible dance influence can drown one in flavors, but just know that there's a lot more than just our brand of vanilla. :-) Thanx for listening, Ric Goldman On Mon, 13 Sep 1999, Patricia Ruggiero wrote: >On 9/9/99, Bob Archer wrote: > >> I tried running one session called "What is an English Dance?" >where I attempted to show that the cross over in figures between >English / American and Scottish dance forms is so prevalent that it >can be difficult to say for certain what tradition a dance is from. > >Hello, Bob, > >I'm wondering if you would expound on this topic because it is one in which >I am very interested also. > >Specifically: > >1) what is your hypothesis? > >2) in what centuries are you working? > >3) what traditions have you identified and how do you define them? > >4) what primary sources are you using? what secondary sources? > >5) what figures, combinations of figures, steps, and dances are you >examining? > >6) are you analyzing the music in conjunction with the dance figures? > > >Looking forward to hearing your ideas -- > >Pat Ruggiero > > ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Mon, 13 Sep 1999 12:03:36 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Mon, 13 Sep 1999 14:03:53 -0500 From: Dianna Shipman Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Country dance traditions To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <00fb01befe1a$c7b3b280$d0e1490c-AT- pavilion> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT References: <199909131855.OAA24279-AT- smtp7.atl.mindspring.net> The group I do here on Wednesdays I call "Scottish Country Dancing and More" - the more being borrowing from other dance traditions - especially with things that are quite similar in one way or another - I've used the western Cotton Eyed Joe for it's one, two, three beat - The Virginia Reel for same figures as many Scottish Country dances but with walking steps - swing dancing (also a one, two three step) and now I'm trying to put together similar "squares" from square dancing and Scottish (and hope to talk some of our Irish dancers into including some of their "square" sets as well) - I agree that it's better to emphasize the similarities and that all dance forms have a lot to offer. Dianna Dianna L. Shipman diannashipman-AT- worldnet.att.net Dianna L. Shipman, P.C., Attorney at Law PMB 134, 1436 W. Gray Houston, TX 77019-4946 web page: http://home.att.net/~diannashipman phone: 713-522-1212 ----- Original Message ----- From: To: Sent: Monday, September 13, 1999 1:54 PM Subject: Re: Country dance traditions > Folks, > > For what it's worth, the focus may be a tad too narrow. Having too many > years studying and performing dances worldwide, I feel that there a lot more > commonality in terms of the vocabulary of dance movements between various > cultures which look to be too separated culturally or geographically to be > related. The tie seems to be more in terms of using dance to express the > human condition. > > Certainly, there are connections we can trace over time, especially since > must of this is living ethnology, and as we go more toward the modern time, > the mobility of society allows for a lot more cross pollination (just look > what's happened to language). And of course proximity helps, such as trace > influences between English dance and Irish, Scottish, Welsh, German, French > movements, and watching how they do/don't come together when crossing the > great water to America, splitting off into the New England, Southern, Blue > Grass, Appalachian, branches, which were in turn influenced by other > inrushes of immigrants, often from completely different places. > > In Morrisland there's been a lot of talk comparing some of the movements and > ritual intent behind English Morris dance and the Romanian Kalushari. The > movements and music are radically different (I've danced both), yet the > common bind is the link to a springtime tradition, and some of the folk > characters or roles which are manifest. > > At the same time, you can find all kinds of links or similarities. The > Morris galley is almost exactly the same as a Hungarian Korcos leg spin. > The English setting step is a padeba (sic) in Balkan and other dance. Some > say Scottish movements have varied from their origins, adopting ballet > movements of the time in an attempt to emulate other classes or culture. > The English rant is almost a Hungarian bokazoe (sic) closing step. Some of > the advance/retreat movements in ECD duplicate exactly the approach rituals > in middle eastern dance, down to the same timing and action. > > I guess all I'm saying with all this babble is not to artificially limit > yourselves to "it's just this". Yes, drinking from the full faucet of all > possible dance influence can drown one in flavors, but just know that > there's a lot more than just our brand of vanilla. :-) > > Thanx for listening, > Ric Goldman > > > On Mon, 13 Sep 1999, Patricia Ruggiero wrote: > >On 9/9/99, Bob Archer wrote: > > > >> I tried running one session called "What is an English Dance?" > >where I attempted to show that the cross over in figures between > >English / American and Scottish dance forms is so prevalent that it > >can be difficult to say for certain what tradition a dance is from. > > > >Hello, Bob, > > > >I'm wondering if you would expound on this topic because it is one in which > >I am very interested also. > > > >Specifically: > > > >1) what is your hypothesis? > > > >2) in what centuries are you working? > > > >3) what traditions have you identified and how do you define them? > > > >4) what primary sources are you using? what secondary sources? > > > >5) what figures, combinations of figures, steps, and dances are you > >examining? > > > >6) are you analyzing the music in conjunction with the dance figures? > > > > > >Looking forward to hearing your ideas -- > > > >Pat Ruggiero > > > > ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Tue, 14 Sep 1999 00:11:09 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Tue, 14 Sep 1999 00:11:04 +0700 From: adpete-AT- jps.net Subject: Re: Country dance traditions To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Message-ID: <37ddf508.69a1.0-AT- jps.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Adding to the confusion is the fact that European society has been much more mobile throughout history than we think. Just because they didn't have cars and trains and airplanes doesn't mean that people stayed in one place. There is a very distant great-grandfather, a Finn, who was reputed to have crossed the ice to Sweden to avoid conscription into the Russian Army. This sort of movement happened frequently with people migrating for all sorts of reasons. There has always been some movemant of people between countries in Europe and with them went their traditions. Those traditions in turn influenced the culture of their new home. During the 19th Century the dancing masters of the ballrooms studied folk traditions and found "new" steps to introduce to their students. From what I remember of Vintage classes I have taken, Redowa comes from a Bohemian line dance step. When it got to Paris it evolved into a turning step. Mazurka moved from Poland into ballrooms throughout Europe. Borrowing among traditions is not at all exclusive to this century although we see more of it now because we have more widespread knowledge of many different traditions. And as Ric finds similarities between the English Rant and a Hungarian step, I find a close similarity to the Finnish Polka step. People struggle with Finnish Polka as much as I did with the Rant at first, but I had no problem learning it because I knew the Rant. Interesting that my father stated several times that Hungarian is the European language closest to Finnish. Maybe the Finns and Hungarians share more than a similar language. Finnish bears little resemblance to either Russian or the other Nordic languages except in the southwestern part of Finland that was once under Swedish rule. I'm told that the language there is Swedish with Finnish endings. The big dance in Finland is the Tango, much different than Argentine. I herad somewhere that Tango didn't get to Finland until the 1950's. One book I read a few years ago on Scottish Country Dance so much as says that it derived from ECD. I can remember Hank Chapin writing (I think in the CDS magazine) back in the '70's about the similarities of movement that he found between Morris and the dances of the Hopi Indians of New Mexico. I'm sure Morris had no direct influence. The similarities are more likely because both traditions evolved around ancient universal rituals. Such similarities can probably be found in Ancient rituals world-wide. Andy Peterson in Portland, Oregon >Ric Goldman wrote: >For what it's worth, the focus may be a tad too narrow. Having too many >years studying and performing dances worldwide, I feel that there a lot more >commonality in terms of the vocabulary of dance movements between various >cultures which look to be too separated culturally or geographically to be >related. The tie seems to be more in terms of using dance to express the >human condition. > >Certainly, there are connections we can trace over time, especially since >must of this is living ethnology, and as we go more toward the modern time, >the mobility of society allows for a lot more cross pollination (just look >what's happened to language). And of course proximity helps, such as trace >influences between English dance and Irish, Scottish, Welsh, German, French >movements, and watching how they do/don't come together when crossing the >great water to America, splitting off into the New England, Southern, Blue >Grass, Appalachian, branches, which were in turn influenced by other >inrushes of immigrants, often from completely different places. > >In Morrisland there's been a lot of talk comparing some of the movements and >ritual intent behind English Morris dance and the Romanian Kalushari. The >movements and music are radically different (I've danced both), yet the >common bind is the link to a springtime tradition, and some of the folk >characters or roles which are manifest. > >At the same time, you can find all kinds of links or similarities. The >Morris galley is almost exactly the same as a Hungarian Korcos leg spin. >The English setting step is a padeba (sic) in Balkan and other dance. Some >say Scottish movements have varied from their origins, adopting ballet >movements of the time in an attempt to emulate other classes or culture. >The English rant is almost a Hungarian bokazoe (sic) closing step. Some of >the advance/retreat movements in ECD duplicate exactly the approach rituals >in middle eastern dance, down to the same timing and action. > >I guess all I'm saying with all this babble is not to artificially limit >yourselves to "it's just this". Yes, drinking from the full faucet of all >possible dance influence can drown one in flavors, but just know that >there's a lot more than just our brand of vanilla. :-) > ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Tue, 14 Sep 1999 00:15:28 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Tue, 14 Sep 1999 00:15:21 +0700 From: adpete-AT- jps.net Subject: Re: Easter Morn, Bury Fair To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Message-ID: <37ddf609.6af7.0-AT- jps.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT > >In a message dated 9/13/99 4:47:54 AM, hugh-AT- ugsolutions.com writes: > ><< Is the circle right after the star left what was intended? I would >expect a circle left. >> > >That's another of the great moments of ED. (Cf. one of last year's threads.) >The star left dissolving in to the circle right. A different story. Try it, >you'll love it. Judy-who's-been-planning-to-join-the-camp-class & >workshop-levels-discussion-but-still-thinking- &-clarifying-own-mind-Grunberg. > > I'm with you Judy. There's a lot to think about in that discussion and I haven't quite gotten my thoughts straight on all of it either. Andy in Portland ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Tue, 14 Sep 1999 22:21:08 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Tue, 14 Sep 1999 21:06:47 -0700 From: Stephanie Judy/David Stewart Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Advice on Wireless Microphones To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <3.0.3.16.19990914210647.22578552-AT- wkpowerlink.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT At 07:00 09/14/1999 -0800, Gary wrote: >. . . I want to buy a wireless microphone. I am interested to >know about people's experiences with the various possibilities. I would >prefer a headset or a button mike. I hope people will respond on the list to this one, because I'm interested in the same topic. I'd also like to know about any experience using a headset mike for calling and a pick-up on a violin. Will this create feedback? Is there a way to avoid it? Many thanks. Stephanie Judy Argenta, B.C. ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Wed, 15 Sep 1999 00:24:17 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Wed, 15 Sep 1999 03:24:02 -0400 (EDT) From: Chicoqueen-AT- aol.com Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Wireless Microphones -- and the joys of using one To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <22936619.2510a392-AT- aol.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Hello: I bought myself a Samson dual-channel headset mike a couple of years ago. While I've found it to be a wonderful way to improve my connection with the dancers, I've had compatibility troubles with some of the sound systems I've tried plugging it into, the result being horrible wracking noises when I venture out from the stage beyond the plane of the PA speakers. It works just great at my monthly contra series, but there I have it plugged into its own separate amplifier, a small "practice" guitar amp. Other wireless mikes I've borrowed or seen used (Electrovoice is one) don't seem to have this problem unless they get directly in front of the speakers. My original intent in purchasing such a unit was to make it possible to trouble-shoot a troubled line in mid-dance (esp when the trouble centered on a hazardously hapless beginner) but almost immediately it became worth using for so much more than that. I found myself teaching and calling from the floor instead of from the stage, usually positioning myself near the end of the second (read: non-center) line, where beginners are most likely to cluster. This makes it easy to see what the beginner-with-beginner couples are doing, and to help them out quickly, regardless of the stage height. Have you noticed how some people become "deaf" when they get nervous? The wireless also makes it possible to interact more with the dancers outside the lines, such as hugging folks as they come in and/or sit down, or resting on a chair next to them for a few moments instead of spending the whole evening on my feet in one spot. I can even talk to such folks in private by flipping the mike itself out of the way. But the biggest reward has come within the past year, as I've discovered I can dance while calling! This has been a great new inspiration to me as a caller. Now I don't have to choose between calling and dancing, which had been an issue for me at times, especially at the Chico series, since I'm the only experienced caller within 1-1/2 hours or so. Granted, it takes quite a bit of concentration, because I'm duty-bound to keep an eye on everyone while I dance and call (this requires *lots* of rubbernecking, which detracts from flirting somewhat, not to mention twirling), but it's such a kick to interact with the dancers so immediately, and I can *demonstrate* the finer aspects of timing and styling for a given set of figures on the fly. I heartily encourage other callers to try it! Reine Wonite Chico, CA ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Wed, 15 Sep 1999 07:55:53 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Wed, 15 Sep 1999 10:56:23 +0000 From: Rich Galloway Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Dance Camp, Campers & Classes To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <199909151444.KAA05513-AT- ns.kreative.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Andy Peterson wrote: > As for the titles on classes at camps, workshops, etc. I agree with many > of the people who say the name of a class should reflect its contents. I'm not sure how much info you can convey in a title. I rather like the system now used at CDSS weeks at Pinewoods. The first night, each teacher describes the class, what will be covered, the goals, etc. For me, it rarely makes the choices any easier, but at least I can make an informed indecision. > But then I have spent the last thirty+ years learning to dance and > realize that I still don't know it all. You don't!?? Well darn Andy, since I learned how to dance ECD from you and Lyrl, I guess I must not know it all either. ;-) ==================================================== Rich Galloway Silver Spring, MD ==================================================== ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Wed, 15 Sep 1999 10:25:25 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Wed, 15 Sep 1999 10:11:23 -0700 (PDT) From: "Paul J. Stamler" Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Advice on Wireless Microphones To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU CC: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT On Tue, 14 Sep 1999, Stephanie Judy/David Stewart wrote: > I hope people will respond on the list to this one, because I'm interested > in the same topic. I'd also like to know about any experience using a > headset mike for calling and a pick-up on a violin. Will this create > feedback? Is there a way to avoid it? It shouldn't create any more feedback than a headset mike would by itself; pickups almost never feed back. On the other hand, they IMHO almost never sound good, either -- I much prefer mini-mikes for fiddles. Peace. Paul ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Wed, 15 Sep 1999 17:44:30 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Wed, 15 Sep 1999 20:38:09 -0400 From: Paul Rosenberg Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Wireless Microphones -- and the joys of using one To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <3.0.6.32.19990915203809.007ded40-AT- mail1.wizvax.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT I've been using the Shure headset mike for about 3 to 4 years. I use it for about 100 gigs a year now. I would use it more often if parts lasted forever, but in the past year I have had to replace certain components. It's especially useful at Family dances and community dances, where I spend a lot of time on the floor demonstrating. For regular contras, it's also useful but not quite as essential. I never have a problem with feedback, and the sound is great, and it adjusts to my head easily. I've become pretty dependent on it. I think it cost me around $325 when I purchased it a few years ago. Before the Shure, I owned a Samsun. It was much flimsier (very difficult to adjust to one's head) and had inferior sound and would feed back when approaching a speaker and would make a horrible sound when you flipped the switch off sometimes. Other than thaose complaints, it was mediocre! Before the Samsun, I had tried a lapel mike (I continue to try it at various venues). I've never had any success with them. Paul Rosenberg At 03:24 AM 9/15/99 -0400, you wrote: >Hello: > >I bought myself a Samson dual-channel headset mike a couple of years ago. >While I've found it to be a wonderful way to improve my connection with the >dancers, I've had compatibility troubles with some of the sound systems I've >tried plugging it into, the result being horrible wracking noises when I >venture out from the stage beyond the plane of the PA speakers. It works >just great at my monthly contra series, but there I have it plugged into its >own separate amplifier, a small "practice" guitar amp. Other wireless mikes >I've borrowed or seen used (Electrovoice is one) don't seem to have this >problem unless they get directly in front of the speakers. > >My original intent in purchasing such a unit was to make it possible to >trouble-shoot a troubled line in mid-dance (esp when the trouble centered on >a hazardously hapless beginner) but almost immediately it became worth using >for so much more than that. I found myself teaching and calling from the >floor instead of from the stage, usually positioning myself near the end of >the second (read: non-center) line, where beginners are most likely to >cluster. This makes it easy to see what the beginner-with-beginner couples >are doing, and to help them out quickly, regardless of the stage height. >Have you noticed how some people become "deaf" when they get nervous? The >wireless also makes it possible to interact more with the dancers outside the >lines, such as hugging folks as they come in and/or sit down, or resting on a >chair next to them for a few moments instead of spending the whole evening on >my feet in one spot. I can even talk to such folks in private by flipping >the mike itself out of the way. > >But the biggest reward has come within the past year, as I've discovered I >can dance while calling! This has been a great new inspiration to me as a >caller. Now I don't have to choose between calling and dancing, which had >been an issue for me at times, especially at the Chico series, since I'm the >only experienced caller within 1-1/2 hours or so. Granted, it takes quite a >bit of concentration, because I'm duty-bound to keep an eye on everyone while >I dance and call (this requires *lots* of rubbernecking, which detracts from >flirting somewhat, not to mention twirling), but it's such a kick to interact >with the dancers so immediately, and I can *demonstrate* the finer aspects of >timing and styling for a given set of figures on the fly. I heartily >encourage other callers to try it! > >Reine Wonite >Chico, CA > > ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------Paul Rosenberg 538 Providence Street Albany, NY 12208-3223 (518) 438-3035 Homespun Occasions telephone: (518)482-9255 or (800)908-4663(home) Home page: www.homespunoccasions.com ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Wed, 15 Sep 1999 21:11:28 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Thu, 16 Sep 1999 00:11:58 +0000 From: Rich Galloway Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: General Question on Dances To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <199909160359.XAA17639-AT- ns.kreative.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT John Wood sent the following last week (OK, I'm still catching up from the backlog of messages while I was at Pinewoods.) > A bit of both, really. The group in Shelburne -- a Loyalist enclave -- are > from a re-enactment group, the Prince of Wales American Regiment. On > certain occasions during the year they are involved in various historical > events in the area. I'm not really trying to recreate historical dances > perse, but I do not want to include any figures or complete dances that > came on the scene AFTER 1786 when many of the original Loyalist settlers > had moved on to other parts of the country. That time period doesn't give you a very big window. Halifax was very much a military encampment for the first part of the century. It was staffed with militiamen out of Boston, so I would check there, rather than New York (as you asked about in your previous message). In general, I would assume the dances would have been much like those done in England at the time. The _Apted_ book should give you some examples from that period and _Fallibroome_ also includes quite a few from the right period. I don't think you'll find much about Nova Scotia dancing directly. Kitty and Bob Keller's CD "Performing Arts in Colonial American Newspapers, 1690-1783" includes the Halifax papers, but shows only 2 references to dancing in Nova Scotia--a dance celebrating installation of the new king and an assembly for a visiting officer. No details on the dancing were given. ==================================================== Rich Galloway Silver Spring, MD ==================================================== ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Wed, 15 Sep 1999 21:55:07 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Wed, 15 Sep 1999 21:52:52 -0700 (PDT) From: "Paul J. Stamler" Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Wireless Microphones -- and the joys of using one To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU CC: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT On Wed, 15 Sep 1999 Chicoqueen-AT- aol.com wrote: > I bought myself a Samson dual-channel headset mike a couple of years ago. > While I've found it to be a wonderful way to improve my connection with the > dancers, I've had compatibility troubles with some of the sound systems I've > tried plugging it into, the result being horrible wracking noises when I > venture out from the stage beyond the plane of the PA speakers. It works > just great at my monthly contra series, but there I have it plugged into its > own separate amplifier, a small "practice" guitar amp. Other wireless mikes > I've borrowed or seen used (Electrovoice is one) don't seem to have this > problem unless they get directly in front of the speakers. "Wracking" noises as in squealing feedback? Or something else? Peace. Pacul ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Wed, 15 Sep 1999 23:01:32 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Thu, 16 Sep 1999 02:01:13 -0400 (EDT) From: Chicoqueen-AT- aol.com Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Wireless Microphones -- and the frustrations of using some brands To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <61e905ae.2511e1a9-AT- aol.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT In a message dated 9/15/1999 9:57:19 PM Pacific Daylight Time, pstamler-AT- crl.com writes: > On Wed, 15 Sep 1999 Chicoqueen-AT- aol.com wrote: > > I bought myself a Samson dual-channel headset mike a couple of years ago. > > While I've found it to be a wonderful way to improve my connection with the > > dancers, I've had compatibility troubles with some of the sound systems I've > > tried plugging it into, the result being horrible wracking noises when I > > venture out from the stage beyond the plane of the PA speakers. > > "Wracking" noises as in squealing feedback? Or something else? Paul and all: It's been quite a while since I've heard it, but as I recall, it wasn't squeeling feedback -- it was more like booming static. Ouch! Off to Harvest Moon (featuring Bob Dalsemer) in Santa Barbara, CA Reine Wonite in (yes, still - for the moment) Chico, CA ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Wed, 15 Sep 1999 23:25:21 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Wed, 15 Sep 1999 23:13:08 -0700 (PDT) From: "Paul J. Stamler" Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Wireless Microphones -- and the frustrations of using some brands To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU CC: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT On Thu, 16 Sep 1999 Chicoqueen-AT- aol.com wrote: > In a message dated 9/15/1999 9:57:19 PM Pacific Daylight Time, > pstamler-AT- crl.com writes: > > > On Wed, 15 Sep 1999 Chicoqueen-AT- aol.com wrote: > > > I bought myself a Samson dual-channel headset mike a couple of years > ago. > > > While I've found it to be a wonderful way to improve my connection with > the > > > dancers, I've had compatibility troubles with some of the sound systems > I've > > > tried plugging it into, the result being horrible wracking noises when I > > > venture out from the stage beyond the plane of the PA speakers. > > > > "Wracking" noises as in squealing feedback? Or something else? > > Paul and all: > > It's been quite a while since I've heard it, but as I recall, it wasn't > squeeling feedback -- it was more like booming static. Ouch! Sounds like a weak transmitter, which got beyond usable range around the front of the stage. Or a weak receiver, or both. Why it would work better with a guitar practice amp, I don't know, but in any case, you're better off with a more professional setup. We have a Nady, which has worked fine for us. Peace. Paul ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Thu, 16 Sep 1999 00:06:28 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Wed, 15 Sep 1999 23:49:07 -0700 From: "Gary D. Shapiro" Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Wireless Microphones -- and the joys of using one To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT References: <3.0.6.32.19990915203809.007ded40-AT- mail1.wizvax.net> My Samson sets off a furious squeal on one particular mixer it's been plugged into. It has to do with the sequence of turning on the mixer and plugging in and powering on the base unit. By doing things in the "correct" order it does not squeal. Unfortunately, I don't recall what the correct sequence is, and the one who knows is away. At 03:24 AM 9/15/99 -0400, Reine wrote: > I've had compatibility troubles with some of the sound systems I've >tried plugging it into, the result being horrible wracking noises when I >venture out from the stage beyond the plane of the PA speakers. It works >just great at my monthly contra series, but there I have it plugged into its >own separate amplifier, a small "practice" guitar amp. Other wireless mikes >I've borrowed or seen used (Electrovoice is one) don't seem to have this >problem unless they get directly in front of the speakers. -- Gary D. Shapiro garyes-AT- iname.com <-- save and use this address garyes-AT- crosswinds.net <-- send "email bounced" reports ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Thu, 16 Sep 1999 07:13:01 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Thu, 16 Sep 1999 10:12:50 -0400 (EDT) From: Dan Pearl Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Wireless Microphones -- and the frustrations of using some brands To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <199909161412.KAA01223-AT- alta.sw.stratus.com> Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Sounds like you could have used a "true diversity" receiver: two antennas, and the receiver picks the best signal. This tends to eliminate the "dead spots" of reception. ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Thu, 16 Sep 1999 08:06:45 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Thu, 16 Sep 1999 11:06:22 -0400 (EDT) From: Chicoqueen-AT- aol.com Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Wireless Microphones -- and the frustrations of using some brands To: pearl-AT- sw.stratus.com (Dan Pearl) CC: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT In a message dated 9/16/1999 7:15:10 AM Pacific Daylight Time, pearl-AT- sw.stratus.com writes: > Sounds like you could have used a "true diversity" receiver: two antennas, > and the receiver picks the best signal. This tends to eliminate the > "dead spots" of reception. My unit (a Samson VLX-TD) *is* one with two antennas and True Diversity. My problem isn't dead spots, it's terrible noises that are not the typical feedback squeal. I'm very intrigued by Gary's report that he could solve what sounds to be a similar tendency with his Samson by turning on the various components of the system (base unit, belt pack, PA) in a specific order. Given that I spent well over $300 on my unit (via Musician's Friend in Oregon), I'd like to avoid shelling out for another! Optimistically, Reine ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Thu, 16 Sep 1999 08:37:46 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Thu, 16 Sep 1999 11:37:26 -0400 (EDT) From: Eric Arnold Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Wireless Microphones -- and the frustrations of using some brands To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT On Thu, 16 Sep 1999 Chicoqueen-AT- aol.com wrote: [snip] > My unit (a Samson VLX-TD) *is* one with two antennas and True Diversity. My > problem isn't dead spots, it's terrible noises that are not the typical > feedback squeal. > I'm very intrigued by Gary's report that he could solve what sounds to be a > similar tendency with his Samson by turning on the various components of the > system (base unit, belt pack, PA) in a specific order. Given that I spent > well over $300 on my unit (via Musician's Friend in Oregon), I'd like to > avoid shelling out for another! > > Optimistically, > Reine > A property of many of the receivers is that they may produce a very high-level noise at the audio output (which then goes to the mixer/PA) when no "carrier" is received. The "carrier" is the radio signal produced when the transmitter (i.e. body pack) is on, whether or not there is a signal from the microphone. Most receivers have a "squelch" setting or control (some do it automatically) which keeps this noise from getting to the output -- however, this often affects the sensitivity of the receiver, too -- the more "squelch", the less sensitivity. The way to set this control, if there is one (it may be a screwdriver adjustment through a small hole in the back of the receiver) is to turn the PA down so the noise won't damage the speakers or your ears, then turn the transmitter off and adjust the control to the point where the noise starts or stops, and then back off a bit more (on the "noise off" direction!); experience will tell you just how much to do this. Then turn the transmitter on and adjust the level for satisfactory voice response -- it will probably be different from what you had before. If the setting is left where noise is produced when the transmitter is off, you can avoid it by turning on the transmitter before turning the gain up on the PA for the channel that the receiver is connected to, or by turning the receiver on after tthe transmitter. Turning it off should be in the reverse order -- turn off the receiver or turn down the gain on that channel before turning off the transmitter. Using the gain controls is preferable to turning the receiver on & off because that may introduce loud pops into the amplified sound. The disadvantage of working this way is that if your transmitter battery runs down to the point that it reduces the carrier output significantly, you will abruptly get this noise again. You will also get it if you have signal drop-out for any of the usual reasons that that happens (too far from the receiver, interfering reflections of the radio signal, obstacles blocking the radio path, etc.). So it is far better to adjust this control, if you have one, so that you don't get these noises, even at the expense of some receiver sensitivity. Eric Arnold Ann Arbor ECD dancer, caller, and user of wireless microphones and official elektroniker for the Department of Ophthalmology at the University of Michigan, which doesn't yet (but just wait!) use any wireless mics in any of its research laboratories. ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Thu, 16 Sep 1999 10:08:36 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Thu, 16 Sep 1999 13:08:22 -0400 From: Steven J Gold Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Wireless Microphones -- and the joys of using one To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT References: <22936619.2510a392-AT- aol.com> >At 3:24 AM -0400 on 9/15/99, Reine Wonite <>Chicoqueen-AT- aol.com said: [[[text deleted]]] >....the result being horrible wracking noises when I >venture out from the stage beyond the plane of the PA speakers. "Horrible wracking noises"?? ...Sounds like some of the bands I've worked with! :-) ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Thu, 16 Sep 1999 17:50:51 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Thu, 16 Sep 1999 19:27:24 -0400 From: catdancer-AT- juno.com Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Easter Morn, Bury Fair To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <19990916.204222.-154341.27.catdancer-AT- juno.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT > In a message dated 9/13/99 4:47:54 AM, Hugh Stewart wrote: < Is the circle right after the star left what was intended? I > would expect a circle left. >> >And JBGrun-AT- aol.com wrote: > That's another of the great moments of ED. (Cf. one of last year's > threads.) > The star left dissolving in to the circle right. A different story. > Try it, > you'll love it. Yes, Hugh, Judy is right. Easter Morn is a wonderful dance - each move f l o w s into the next, expecially the star left that melts into the circle right. Try it. You really will love it. Helen Tuzio New York ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sat, 18 Sep 1999 11:52:50 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sat, 18 Sep 1999 13:41:41 -0400 From: sol weber Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Easter Morn To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <19990918.143723.-101457.2.solweber-AT- juno.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Another thought re Easter Morn, a great dance that is being done a lot but one you want to keep doing. Initially, I thought that as a first couple (at least the man's part) the transition to the gate figure was very jarring. Switching from the circle to the gate was often done with a jolt and an interruption of the flow. Then (when switching to being second man) I eventually realized that with the proper arm tension I could smooth out that transition and turn it into yet another 'great moment' in that dance. Try it, y'all, and callers, do emphasize this elegant fine point. (Note: I'm behind in catching up on my e-mail reading. If this has been covered previously, my apologies.) ++++++Sol "Roundman" Weber --- "So many rounds, so little time" ++++++25-14 37th St, Astoria, NY 11103; 718-278-4389 (after 11am) ++++++SINGERS and musicians, contact me for info on books, albums, ++++++ and assorted musical fun; solweber-AT- JUNO.com +++++Urgent message? If no immediate response, please phone. ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sat, 18 Sep 1999 12:24:40 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sat, 18 Sep 1999 15:23:06 -0400 (EDT) From: JBGrun-AT- aol.com Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Easter Morn To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <8078510c.2515409a-AT- aol.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT In a message dated 9/18/99 2:57:52 PM, solweber-AT- juno.com writes: << Then (when switching to being second man) I eventually realized that with the proper arm tension I could smooth out that transition and turn it into yet another 'great moment' in that dance. >> Right on, Sol! Works the same for the 2nd woman. Judy. Erna-Lynne, wherever you are, I hope you're listening (or reading.) We really dig the dance! ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sat, 18 Sep 1999 15:51:43 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sat, 18 Sep 1999 18:49:56 -0400 From: MARTHA C DAVEY Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Country Dance Index To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <19990918.185027.-836081.0.marthaCD-AT- juno.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT To all: Wouldn't it be wonderful if a group effort be made to create a comma delimited database on a rewritable medium that could be distributed at cost to those who wanted it. New dances and collections are coming out so quickly that indexes are outdated almost as soon as they are published. New information could be added to this list so we could always have an up-to-date index. Martha Martha Davey 25-14 37 ST, Astoria, NY 11103 (718)278-4389 voice/fax #(917)463-9781 (NYC area code) ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sat, 18 Sep 1999 16:00:54 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sat, 18 Sep 1999 16:00:28 -0700 From: timelord01-AT- sprynet.com Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Country Dance Index To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <199909182300.TAA11316-AT- smtp5.mindspring.com> Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT I'll take it a step better. I can put up an online file or web page containing updates from any and all, which would then be (almost) immediately available to everyone. So, the question is to folk - what would you like to see in such an index? Also, what considerations should there be for access to it, how to update it (I can create a web form for submissions), verification, and insuring that the index doesn't somehow conflict with published or copyrighted works? Thanx, Ric Goldman timelord01-AT- sprynet.com On Sat, 18 Sep 1999, MARTHA C DAVEY wrote: >To all: > Wouldn't it be wonderful if a group effort be made to create a comma >delimited database >on a rewritable medium that could be distributed at cost to those who >wanted it. >New dances and collections are coming out so quickly that indexes are >outdated almost as soon as they are published. >New information could be added to this list so we could always have an >up-to-date index. >Martha >Martha Davey >25-14 37 ST, >Astoria, NY 11103 >(718)278-4389 voice/fax #(917)463-9781 (NYC area code) > ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sun, 19 Sep 1999 06:08:42 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sun, 19 Sep 1999 09:14:02 -0400 From: Don Bell Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Country Dance Index To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <3.0.3.32.19990919091402.01243124-AT- nycap.rr.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT To all: I have a print edition of an old index (1986) of English and American country dances by Peter Rogers which was produced by CDSS. I have found it to be invaluable over the years. I think it was done in a Dbase 2-3? format. If one could get that edition in electronic format, it would be a good place to start building a new database of just English dances. If the index were online, it would be great if it could be in a database. Then anyone could search, sort, submit records and maybe even create a list of dances for an event online. Don Bell Albany, NY http://www.rpi.edu/~belld2/rpiflyer.htm At 04:00 PM 9/18/99 -0700, you wrote: >I'll take it a step better. I can put up an online file or web page >containing updates from any and all, which would then be (almost) >immediately available to everyone. > >So, the question is to folk - what would you like to see in such an >index? Also, what considerations should there be for access to it, how >to update it (I can create a web form for submissions), verification, >and insuring that the index doesn't somehow conflict with published or >copyrighted works? > >Thanx, Ric Goldman >timelord01-AT- sprynet.com > >On Sat, 18 Sep 1999, MARTHA C DAVEY wrote: >>To all: >> Wouldn't it be wonderful if a group effort be made to create a >comma >>delimited database >>on a rewritable medium that could be distributed at cost to those who >>wanted it. >>New dances and collections are coming out so quickly that indexes are >>outdated almost as soon as they are published. >>New information could be added to this list so we could always have an >>up-to-date index. >>Martha >>Martha Davey >>25-14 37 ST, >>Astoria, NY 11103 >>(718)278-4389 voice/fax #(917)463-9781 (NYC area code) >> > > ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sun, 19 Sep 1999 06:44:53 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sun, 19 Sep 1999 06:44:09 -0700 From: Marjorie McLaughlin Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Country Dance Index To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <37E4E8A9.ED247950-AT- home.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT References: <199909182300.TAA11316-AT- smtp5.mindspring.com> Alan Paterson, a Scottish country dancer in Switzerland has, with considerable assistance by dancers throughout the world, developed DanceData - a SCD database and a set of application programs to search the database. It contains a wonderful index of about 9000 dances, their devisors or sources, recommended tunes, and music recorded to suit many of the dances. One can also limit the search to dances of a particular length, tempo, or with particular figures. Data can also be printed if need be. The project was discussed on the SCD list for quite a while before Alan took on the task of developing the programs. They can be downloaded for free from his website http://www.scottap.com/dancedata/index.htm Regular updates have been offered over the past couple of years. If you don't want to maintain the files locally they are also accessible on the web via the Strathspey Bulletin Board archives. http://www.tm.informatik.uni-frankfurt.de/strathspey/ If one pays the princely sum of $10, Alan will provide a registration file which allows the addition of local information about books of dances, music, and recordings that one owns. As a teacher, this is one of the most valuable aspects of this database for me. Can't imagine how I coped with my hunt and peck system for so long. Lots of people provided Alan with data for the index, and helped with the task of editing and proofing the data. I am sure he'd be pleased to offer insights and comments should anyone from this list be interested in taking on a similar task. Marjorie McLaughlin San Diego, CA timelord01-AT- sprynet.com wrote: > > I'll take it a step better. I can put up an online file or web page > containing updates from any and all, which would then be (almost) > immediately available to everyone. > > So, the question is to folk - what would you like to see in such an > index? Also, what considerations should there be for access to it, how > to update it (I can create a web form for submissions), verification, > and insuring that the index doesn't somehow conflict with published or > copyrighted works? > > Thanx, Ric Goldman > timelord01-AT- sprynet.com > > On Sat, 18 Sep 1999, MARTHA C DAVEY wrote: > >To all: > > Wouldn't it be wonderful if a group effort be made to create a > comma > >delimited database > >on a rewritable medium that could be distributed at cost to those who > >wanted it. > >New dances and collections are coming out so quickly that indexes are > >outdated almost as soon as they are published. > >New information could be added to this list so we could always have an > >up-to-date index. > >Martha > >Martha Davey > >25-14 37 ST, > >Astoria, NY 11103 > >(718)278-4389 voice/fax #(917)463-9781 (NYC area code) > > ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sun, 19 Sep 1999 07:51:22 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sun, 19 Sep 1999 10:57:51 -0400 From: "Mary K. Friday" Subject: Re: Country Dance Index To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU CC: brad.foster-AT- cdss.org, nkelley-AT- aristotle.net Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Message-ID: <37E4F9EF.4BF6-AT- erols.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT References: <009DE5F5.0FF88792.6-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu> Before we reinvent the wheel, Neil Kelley has already done an enormous amount of work in updating and expanding Peter Rogers' index. Let's see if we can start with that. CDSS has been trying to figure out some way to publish or otherwise make it available, but the Society has limited resources and many publication projects vying for them. I've long thought having it electronically available, preferably on the Web, would be ideal. I should have thought sooner to enlist help from this list. Personally, I still use Peter Rogers' index regularly, along with the British index, "What Was That Dance?" compiled by Freda McIntyre and Bob Howe, second edition published in 1992. Mary Kay Friday Washington, D.C. > In response to Ric Goldman's generous offer: > >I'll take it a step better. I can put up an online file or web page > >containing updates from any and all, which would then be (almost) > >immediately available to everyone. Don Bell wrote: > > I have a print edition of an old index (1986) of English and American > country dances by Peter Rogers which was produced by CDSS. I have found it > to be invaluable over the years. I think it was done in a Dbase 2-3? > format. If one could get that edition in electronic format, it would be a > good place to start building a new database of just English dances. > > If the index were online, it would be great if it could be in a database. > Then anyone could search, sort, submit records and maybe even create a list > of dances for an event online. ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sun, 19 Sep 1999 17:54:45 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sun, 19 Sep 1999 18:04:13 -0700 From: John Carver Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Wedding dance To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <3.0.5.32.19990919180413.01ccf350-AT- pop.islandnet.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Had a good one once but I lost it. A few years back I called a dance at a wedding and included a dance I remember only being referred to a the "wedding dance". Another wedding coming up and I can't locate the notes. The dance had the bride and groom as top couple, and included a reel which wound the length of the set. I think the bride led the reel, and each dancer would honour the bride as they passed. The rest of the dance isn't that memorable, it was the interaction in the reel that made it. I guess I could create something, but I'd like to hear if this rings a bell for anyone (pun if you like). It was in a collection of English dances, but not any that I have on hand. Must have lent it out... John Carver ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Mon, 20 Sep 1999 06:43:22 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Mon, 20 Sep 1999 09:37:09 -0400 From: Michael Bergman Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Renaissance Dance in Cambridge, MA To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Ever wonder what dancers did before John Playford published his books? Well, it turns out that there were people writing dance manuals for about 200 years before Playford... Once again, there will be not one but two opportunities* to learn, practice, and enjoy the dances of the Renaissance (Italian, English, and French) in Cambridge. We'll also do some of the earlier Playford dances, with early style steps, and explore some of the English dance sources that immediately precede Playford. The earliest dances will be reconstructed from Italian and French sources, but were danced all over Europe, including England. The 4th Tuesday Renaissance Dance starts up again next week, September 28th, at the Old Cambridge Baptist Church, just outside Harvard Square, 1151 Mass Ave. The dance runs from 7:30 pm to approximately 10:00, and $5 donations are requested. Period refreshments will be served at the break. In September, John Tyson, of Renaissonics, will be playing various recorders as well as pipe & tabor, and Meredith Courtney will be teaching and leading dances. All dances will be taught; beginners are welcome, and it is not necessary to bring a partner. Even if you don't dance, but just play the stuff, you can get something out of learning how the dances go, and what tempi are right for them in practice, as opposed to merely sounding good. Sometimes (though not in September), we welcome sit-in musicians; contact me if interested. Not sure you'll like it? Come try it out for free. The dance is supported by donations, not a required fee, and we don't want your money if you're not having fun! Its also supported by the CDS Boston Centre, which makes this series possible. For more information, to volunteer, to get directions, or just to chat, write me at eclectic-AT- mit.edu, or call me at (617) 964-7684. --Mike Bergman * "two opportunities" refers of course to Renaissonics' own renaissance dance series, "Renaissance Dancing for All", which runs on 1st or 2nd Fridays, and which has already started its season. ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Mon, 20 Sep 1999 08:27:32 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Mon, 20 Sep 1999 11:27:29 -0400 From: Susan B Booker Subject: Levi Jackson Mountain Folk Festival Weekend To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Message-ID: <199909201527.LAA890184-AT- pimout3-int.prodigy.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Just a reminder that the annual Levi Jackson Dance Weekend is upcoming September 24-26, this coming weekend. I'm not sure how much, if any, room for drop-ins or late registrants remains (probably more of the first than the latter), but Joe Tarter of Berea would know, and can be reached at (606) 986-1986. Hope to see some of you there on Saturday! (domestic concerns preclude my presence on Friday). Susan Booker, still exhilarated from the Atlanta weekend ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Mon, 20 Sep 1999 08:31:07 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Mon, 20 Sep 1999 11:30:43 -0400 From: Susan B Booker Subject: Oops To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Message-ID: <199909201530.LAA6791554-AT- pimout1-int.prodigy.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Should have made clear that the Levi Jackson Dance Weekend is held in the eponymous Levi Jackson State Park just outside of London, KY, two hours south of Lexington (and an hour and a half north of Knoxville) via I-75. The great World Chicken Festival coincides in London this weekend. Something for everyone. Susan Booker ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Mon, 20 Sep 1999 10:17:03 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Mon, 20 Sep 1999 10:23:25 -0700 From: Bob Archer Subject: Country Dance Index To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Message-ID: <199909201716.KAA18644-AT- wolfenet.com> Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT MARTHA C DAVEY wrote: > Wouldn't it be wonderful if a group effort be made to create a comma > delimited database > on a rewritable medium that could be distributed at cost to those who > wanted it. > New dances and collections are coming out so quickly that indexes are > outdated almost as soon as they are published. > New information could be added to this list so we could always have an > up-to-date index. There is a book available called "What was that Dance?" which lists the contents of a number of collections - I have a feeling it contained over 3000 dances. I have the first edition and it has been invaluable over the years. I believe there is a second edition out now. An online version would be wonderful though, particularly if there was an easy way for it to be updated. Bob ---------------------------------------------------------- -- Bob Archer bob-AT- hottub.demon.co.uk ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Mon, 20 Sep 1999 19:11:30 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Mon, 20 Sep 1999 19:11:12 +0700 From: adpete-AT- jps.net Subject: Re: Oops To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Message-ID: <37e6e940.6c40.0-AT- jps.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: MULTIPART/MIXED; BOUNDARY="Boundary_(ID_ec9qxByejmT0wcufx4yjRQ)" This is a multi-part message in MIME format. --Boundary_(ID_ec9qxByejmT0wcufx4yjRQ) Content-type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Susan B Booker wrote: >The great World Chicken Festival coincides in London this weekend. >Something for everyone. And I have to stay in Portland for Scandinavian performances Saturday and Sunday. Drat. Andy PS: The attached shows how to clean the bugs off your car. --Boundary_(ID_ec9qxByejmT0wcufx4yjRQ) Content-type: image/jpeg; name="SAAB900 chicken.jpg" Content-disposition: ATTACHMENT; FILENAME="SAAB900 chicken.jpg" Content-transfer-encoding: base64 /9j/4AAQSkZJRgABAgEASABIAAD/7QC4UGhvdG9zaG9wIDMuMAA4QklNA+0A AAAAABAASAAAAAEAAQBIAAAAAQABOEJJTQPzAAAAAAAIAAAAAAAAAAE4QklN JxAAAAAAAAoAAQAAAAAAAAACOEJJTQP1AAAAAABIAC9mZgABAGxmZgAGAAAA AAABAC9mZgABAKGZmgAGAAAAAAABADIAAAABAFoAAAAGAAAAAAABADUAAAAB AC0AAAAGAAAAAAABOEJJTQQGAAAAAAACAAL/7gAOQWRvYmUAZIAAAAAB/9sA hAAMCAgICQgMCQkMEQsKCxEVDwwMDxUYExMVExMYEQwMDAwMDBEMDAwMDAwM DAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMAQ0LCw0ODRAODhAUDg4OFBQODg4OFBEM DAwMDBERDAwMDAwMEQwMDAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMDAwMDAz/wAAR CAGAAgADASIAAhEBAxEB/8QBPwAAAQUBAQEBAQEAAAAAAAAAAwABAgQFBgcI CQoLAQABBQEBAQEBAQAAAAAAAAABAAIDBAUGBwgJCgsQAAEEAQMCBAIFBwYI BQMMMwEAAhEDBCESMQVBUWETInGBMgYUkaGxQiMkFVLBYjM0coLRQwclklPw 4fFjczUWorKDJkSTVGRFwqN0NhfSVeJl8rOEw9N14/NGJ5SkhbSVxNTk9KW1 xdXl9VZmdoaWprbG1ub2N0dXZ3eHl6e3x9fn9xEAAgIBAgQEAwQFBgcHBgU1 AQACEQMhMRIEQVFhcSITBTKBkRShsUIjwVLR8DMkYuFygpJDUxVjczTxJQYW orKDByY1wtJEk1SjF2RFVTZ0ZeLys4TD03Xj80aUpIW0lcTU5PSltcXV5fVW ZnaGlqa2xtbm9ic3R1dnd4eXp7fH/90ABAAg/9oADAMBAAIRAxEAPwDljtI9 4ktHHdNWHAhzQde06gfNB9dtjySYPge/9VPJnR30p81GxUlddt9rXENGojlI ZLXABxUGvLxAc4RoAFA1y6Ga+ISVwhsG9rGxXDh4zCgLezTt8Q4wg+k8fmjz MpbZ02yB4DhKgqm0HOZ2O3tBn/pNTOypETIPMiFXZU5o9pM+A0UvVf8AR1d4 8EpK4QnFldbS5pDp7eKDvc50ka9gmDTu3FpaR4cKe0uMEx8EqVShZUO2ncHX 7lN9zTt2CNvPinbj/uxpyRypsrMac/nIKNI22Pf39p4JRqGM5InXun2gyywa HVpUSG1jcTx+KS1M57Q07hp2KEyLZJdAEAzooOJeQ36ZPYcItbdvGhGhEaJK 23Yek3cA1xeTyOwRPot26scOB2RGsaBAbypDtuhwGsRBCVLShbjud7vo+Eay VF1bmwX7pPdWiDJ2nTz5QsiyqgB95gHRrR3P8lqVWoHo1haPUNc+4az8UcO3 88+CzXWNdbvA26mANYVmm9hcA47J4d2TZR6rzGg9B0vq+bgN217S12j94mR/ W/N2fmrQH1gJrD5dTebKw60CQ1jT7rG/v/1FgVF4BZAd4awrDA8iDXz2/uUJ Y9HrrPVycQ2MPo202bX5JADhvEs9rPc1j925cv1FlwyX1veLnH6NzCQyR+83 6at4WX1I+o31SxjgHP3azs9rf7e1Cux7HBjdhpdYZa93cA/mu+iopy1H7Wzy +MGJLUfiO9OrKeGtNktdqTtLdC6xn5qo5uJWyBXJY6QDGhPk5axblPqa2sAi Ye4nSQfbulCz2s9MBu4Q73l/if6vsShIgjdllEjd53aNNY7Ql6B9TbPDdw3H wVuxjQ6S3QGTHkk2s2biwwWgknkgHTarQnpaymrSXV3NLtWvOsc7T4KWWNjg CZ1O3XgDsrBob6AMD9H9KO0prG12NBiSNSO0+SXGLtNaU06rHEOA47jxhGZZ DQNofpIPBBV7MxKGMxrPTDH2y9wYAJYfoe0fRVZ9VYAe1oEEgwTG793VHiB6 IpZznua2xpG4uhw4J/s/utVvHynhm1p1HLedFUDHWDdUNrWD3iZ/tKbW2ta7 a+Gn3e0+747nJsogiip0MfJY24At2gn3hGyMOrOO5uyu86HUAkDj2H/qlmUB +4Ne0scG6ud3n85Ta6Du3mCIc6JDQo/bo2D9V1psD1G2uY1pbUCQXfm7v6yv PmxkCNziQG+BVEWbXhwcfTa3aI8DpwrMmuoMeDAEaEkfve4/ykJiyCQoGkGW XV2NO4WgEbncbZ0c2xiN6YfZuqBdzIGjRA/eSLzdhe4FtjXbCDGrXe7a2PzU Ki19bfSc4g1ukAd+2v8AVSq/BLbyKWk+kbIcGkwDLY/dYVTqZYXBs7TEEnw/ 1+krFhNzg8P9zW8+f8lDa6wuDz7ncAcQE2MCgllXLS+oaGfI/eVC7GJ9roL5 028fvJ6m2Cwsxw6x79CxjfUOv8msP2rTwPq11rJsM4llYIJDrSKxP73v9/8A 4GnxxncdVW8/kY4qs2h0wPcSIbJ/NkITK5EAa6wu4Z/i+6jYAy7IqqrEaw61 5/8APLVexv8AFz01kHJybrY/NZtrb/0A5/8A01NGM61C00+bek5s+A+5Spot sfFLXWnu2sGyPj6YcvXsX6p/V7ELXVYVbrGcWWj1HfH9LvWnXTXUNtTW1jwa 0D8kKQRPVD5DhfVD6wZTmeng2sZYf5y2KmtH77/UPqbf+trXp/xddWcf011F IB5lzyfOGNavSdk8klL0meH3o8Knh6f8XuLWG+pl2PgDcGNa0E/yd272q/V9 Tukts9R2O+53/CvLh/me1q6sNA4EJ0uEKcGj6v4mPIx8auoHmGgmEb9l2cAG PAQB+C2EoRoKcgdMuGrWgHz1Uv2ZlHl4AWqmRU5J6NYfpWn5KJ6G0fSc53zW xqklZVTk/sekO04+JR6unUt7K+klaqawxWDhqkMVoMxCPCbaElP/0OKfXZP0 H+EEJmHIY4gMdJHuBHZbNcsdvjeO7YkwjMscPY9haOZABGvDdE0UinFYWbTp ZXHJ2mBP8pTrsoBhri7sSQR+VbDSxkgOaXT7mySjV7XS4taHeI11R4R3RV93 DfkUtgvIYBwW6qTL6nmGPmOxEf8ARctix9TBLwGO51E/wUa7ce1ojU9tB28Z SMR3COFoirc0diNZQ37axufAb3K12trs02+0cjtr5qRpodG5rSQeIBhDg8Uc JcRtmNa32nWYIOiLSykn2vZI00IWmMXH2gurr2+EDv4IjMWhkBrWNb8BH9pH 2/FRHZzfs7CZjXuQf7kRtDPpCQeJV1uJREitsg+ACY4dAAADdxPMSlwI4D3a ZYyYJ9g7mELIurrbDXtBPAEEq+7Dx2Al1bSW87mifipN6VvsZRXjt9W8gNbs gnd8k2QA1kQEiHmXKxs5m4V2n3OMMeIHydCvFhInsOU56Xjmx7GVNdscWl40 BLTt9v3J3dKxnQby55H5pJj4coiN6oljHRrh0H6Q07yOFH18dxg2NLj2BlW2 9MwmuAbjiOZKJVTBllLGNA+iBr+KQh4q9sd2o94Y3cxnqO4aBxP8pZtnTM2+ w3XSbHc+Q8G/yVuvxnD31gt90ukaKTmWh2yAIH4fnOlECtF0Y101edb0m6dJ ny/ii/sXKby+PHSYW/8AZnyNmjSNdJjwUfsxaWsaToDueTO5378I0ucevDzK dG3OawaxGn3FW68vLaJc7eBpBEaf2VfOPbIO7f5gAJ/soY8+8OJjmJ/BNMAe i0xidwip6jkbw3Zvb3JPCvVZLc178euppa0gMJJBPn/wfu/PVc4wcZc3Udi4 QiU1urcXbhW2CAxvuJPwUWTl4kEjdkgRHQDRhkWuqYHF7WNDiC4clzezPzne 785ZeVnXneXHdvJM+DgeQtTIqdQxjms31vAsBcJg+GyN39lOasXKYwO205W0 Pdba1rWan/BtA3OVaJ4dDG2SuIUS4drrtDcfe8B0d0Vnr47mD02zbWXwDulp 8dv0HNhWMvpcusssuD7WuncyC1w/6P8A0VRItDSwOggz5mFPHhkKH1Cw2CyN mvtHwb/tU6LKWbhYNSRx2H5xlQqLJi2XA6bj+HuTOqE8RWOT5o8A2Ra9ljt4 J12nnvCEHud3gTrH5SrNYDq3B1ZsIBa1zdI8CY+khurZo1rdWiCR+VyIAApS 0Vlu1ktGgkke7zRfRZoDYJrnRsuJHk4BHxamAy9hdWwBx2wY1hocHfm7lftr tuySw7S2mGbtgYYAaPdt/d2+xI+CQ0K3X2tFUOdU08NYQZPtG+z6bv6iHXXk UuLHtILSWuBH3tXQ4XTs3Lex2K11jWPBc5jZd7TP6X8x3+ctf/ml1HNe576q sRhJHvducQfz/Tq+g/8A64gAT00SfN5GmpzRvpAaJG9vGs/RbulSbZdSbHv9 3qEGCfbp+b7l3mF9RsGmDk32XHlzGRWw/dus2/8AXFs4/RelYxmnFrDh+eWh zv8APfucne0eqLfNsDpHUc2uacey0/6XYdup/wBI7axalX1E6ze+bRRjjsXO LyB/UrH/AKMXoSafBOGKIRxF5PG/xf4jB+s5dlni2prax97vVsWpjfVLoGM7 cMRtr/3ribD/AOCFzVr6pJwhEdEWwqoopAbVW2to4DQGj/oqYACR07pBOUvC SSdJSkkkklKSSSSUpJJJJSkkkklKTJ0pSUpJNuHiom1g5cElM0kI31ASXaeK G7Px2/nI0VW2Uyov6rUOAgP6ue2iPCUWH//R1afqP09zCXZVo28aN1jX2z/0 FL/m10hz6shwt9KkD1sYDbuA09zm7Xbv9ItfJqyKa66jWGNmBAHH9dqFjuua HiuovvE7H2at3/mF8n6DllSlkHpuXF4/wZQA1f8Am90m3JfddQcauprR6OKY ZuM7Hbo3e9ql+xK247OmNyD6Fjy8ltLd5IO+Lch37i0KLbYrY8TdY73lsQCP c7az2tZW1GynPaxxLDMkNIb3/wCD27tu5SCZ4I2f46q6uZ/zewsXNZkMc29z 2kOFtfqNbH+G2E1tfa5yTfqrjWF19oe4WElrWBrQN30X+nWP0bWfuLcquyBQ d1AbHuYSdBHLv5Kn67y5jw5jK+XO+iZ+E+5T+m7vWkOY36rYr8JtVJfT3L7G gvJ43uZ9H3LP/wCZ3TmXN35hInUbACY9xb39q6IWO3Sxjt4kAkzImRDv3ERg tO1zKg1zifUeYcR/V/e3JwEf0dL33R5uEPq90myoOdWSy0k+rWRsYpUfU7pR aHF1xDwDMzr30j2rb3V0sIrbpIA2AbQT+6G/S9ydzbLGAPBAZo7UySf6v5qU Y8JuyTWyjq5NX1T6RXX+jc5o7OdtLgD9Jjj9H/OSHQPq/eWvezWgkENJaCR+ c6PprTPps2tZsm4kCqSAT/KUPslrAfTuFccE8knTz2t/kI66Gteqml+yemuI bXjGwNcHvs3BxlvDtzx7nJ/2fXRY4Y2O+4ZD/UtsueXQ4nX6Q9R3s/dfsVur 7UAR6peGu9wd2M6kEAfRUtj3Vu+lb+5JaN37znJhAlYIP2K2c1n1ZxACx2My 2poPousbDpcf8K5rt3s/eamZ9XMIWNY6mprxqGkvh0fyvz1fvqyQxoYbX7jt O2CNv5v+rVF2AC9r3OtIaYAc08n93a7ftTuLsCpr09H6DXZY2+mgvbrs9w2t 8t59yTOmfV63e0VUF1cwKy8AgCferdGMKvc9252p2xoSPJ25rf6iG6g2MrId scf5slsFse2xjf6+72eolxy/dVQQswuiNY0DGZVW5whr/duP37tqNT0zo2wz i1vJkOIZGnz/ADFaqxWtbte+XRqCPzf3NpRKaaPT2VANrJBADgQB5Jw4rvRW jSPReiVy44dYgaE8Gfb3SrxMKoMNHTqwwe4uLmiPzfz9zloxXBc76J0h2mqi GNdDXglnMOP+vtTjdoaRYyCw4LJcYdPpncB9Eua2E1fSunuG4dPqYXAhzXga +ft3e1yv+mG7yCXbtWsMCPmU1Ysa3dsAcDBaCSHDxaUqPVVovseANjDRW0Vk OADWwHRA/wBXqVFW1nuZX6hmLGga/wAr6KIZDNQysuPtBE/50J4uGu9sDU6E 8o9UPNdRxXvqdmbJueyxgY3Q+qx0V7Xf1VxWRZlb2uyK3A2yylx+kY/c/wCD avVrH0sZ6ZDQJJLY0g94/rLzT6z9Pur6k+9zDVRad9Qn8w926+3copRAspvZ o49ORve6wgbWQxrhMh3Fn7v9T+Ws9m6XhwJJJaHAwI82LR6jkH0qqaW/o2Om W6btNPUP7yC6q24sdG3cJaBoITYAjXumTDGxnPc1ocKw4hrXnj+0pZGDdRea i5r9pc3cIIBH0gtTpv1f6tltFWLQ57GuJ3O9lbT52v8A+pZ6i6bC+oMBjszK g/4Sulo7/msts3f5/pp4iTtsteFay6phbuAZYQXBpifAQtPA6F1XOfuxsN7m SAXkem3/ALct2bv7G9ejYHQOj9OA+zYzA8f4V432H/rtm560JUnB3KreLxP8 XzrCX5t4p19tdI3mP5Vtm3/z2t7A+qvRMFwfXR6tg4fcTYfkHez/AKC1kpCc IgKtTWtY0NaA1o4A0CdJJFCkkkpSUpMSnTJKW5TwlBSSUoAfBJJKQkpdJRL2 juExurHLgkpmkgHKpH50qD86trd0aHQH4I0UWG0lKzn9UA4AQT1QkQSWkn6X IA/qo8JVxB1iQOdFB11bdXOAHMrDdnWu7of2l+skzoR4HX89HgRxO2c6mJBk EShHqTJgDU6ADUkrGstLnEjQEzA0H+amfLXFu4Oju0yEeEI4nTs6o4GOCO3m EB3UnkQCqEppRoKtujLtfL3E+mwjfBAMHjbKH9rd7ifcTIAMiJ/PkfuqsSml JFp7cg2OBA2w0CPMfnIRe5RlNKSmRJgGeZ076Ji48JkySn//0u4c7EyCA8zZ STuDTMBx+iP30SjFpa02aOBEuLnES0n86v8AdSrrqYZdS0isn3s00/78p25V Jmp9brGuElxloAPEqlEC7kRY8GQtYWYln6VtZI4qDprc53H9linU9gi0VbZO 30XP/wDBGFXKmY+3eTIJlswQB+7/ACU8YzGl73em13AIg6dmkbkRhB/dvfZV +bK30S3+adZtEQzU/J0pNY18k1ncyIJIkzymouquH6J4e5oIcwBzRr/JIUmu bOxsN2tDieQD+7Kn4Rua+xajezIdaHHbWG/zY1nTtyE9rrmvZa0N3GWkExp8 UV8Aiwl1g+k0AaAFCsuYQC1vqOiA4N0Jn6G8+1Ax3oqY42O3Haam1sHukbTw fpbnTPv1TMpyCS/1DXucSGgRx9FHDXhwGxgETzB/H6Sa6WAe4e72s5Gv530f alwfgq0deHw5z3ubyWucNP8Av38pPstbU5peS1g1PJJn6SIagZ3NBYD83Hv9 FDscQQGCNsANJgSfotftS4AP99VrCh2wcCAPaZ1/rboT5FV8zW6HkQA3SI1c oevaHll9kOP83saY0/l+73v/AJaKxjKa2VusLtCQXuJJ0nmfzUhEdLVZZiqo bSZYRqYka/nf2VDdQ0FjJeDwQDOp+juUQ6p7RZUfbEg67TP7rXfTRG12Pr27 nN5du47/AEfajXYKXEPYNdB7mkD2wO+5R/Q2AeqWWMfLhA5CiwhoMAMaSRUH iNx8P7STbLXmW1FstkMeI2x5IqR/qDYfDht4cSfaf/JIw+zhxBAJZzIiCRPL QGpiWVx6mh+l8JT2P3MOvpufzoSdOzmpDbopW2kw9sEtEAz9EeSk0vIksHpt 4mSTPhuUQ1pa1wDi0aBug4/zfanm02sIaWBxlwcB4fR5/wCpSUz9QlpgNL28 gTz4JnG57dsbHOGsdp800OaJ1Mu0EdwkWuEmYadXHsIRs+KEXqXV7RUHFrDt LSGgQP5RKc5fuLzIa1sGseP9b85WHjeNjmB7TzPH4qDKyHO45BERp/35Kj0K rCKq2sNBeS6eZYdJ90OgLG+tGHi5uEy24gO3BtQsEaO9vsbot9jCwQHFzSPa fMlRdjNssrNjGH05I8nHjYgQSKVbxPSPqrfn7zcw4+Oaw1lh/PInZsb/ANVY uk6d9U+k4dYa+tt5gauGgP5zm/1ltARxwE6McYiO6iWNdddTBXW0MY3QNGgC kkknoUmTpoSUpNKeAlACSlk8KJsYOSoOyqm8lKlJUlUdnsHACE/qPMajt2R4 Siw6EqLrWDSdVlvznERPw8kB+W4mTr5IiCOJ1X5jG8IL+oDUA/PhZTrySTx5 BQNxIA0079zPincIRxOk7O0JkiB21k/99QXZr/FUS8ptxRoItufbHbgTqBrB 7obsp5148lXlMT3j5cJKtMbnKBe4/E6JrDXvd6U7Pzd3MeajKSmTtzXFp1gx I1GiaVEmfyJSkpeUlGUySmUpKKSSqXlJNKaULVS8pJktUrSumTJi8DmPvStT KU0qBvqHL2j4uH96Gc3Eb9K6sf2ghaqf/9Ps6s2v1Ww14a4AyXazx/0Xqy11 tjXgPB9Ihz6wdZOvLvpIAx2WMIAkuOkmCR5KNeO5rm2ssDXwf0d4kCNCNw9y ogyB/Z8rK26xS587AwEAabid3+dt2qBbtIDLSwudt9ODuA/k7P3lRycv0yBd V6IH0bKHbmk+LhZ7kVmXh/SFztzY1IgmP5TE7iJOgBrram9ZbbW5ovLZAlrG v2GPo/RcN21RZl4zAXP3hshwrdLiD+7Wz/CKo3Lw2P3h5tsedgdB+idXt1Dk YZONbIoxyGs9wc15aQR+d+6pRLrt57raTvyHuIdWxzd7Ya1vJAPb6XuT23NN orfSRtAcA+ARPt/Rx+eoNyiGjc4NJIcCYdoePowhXW0sc11hEkyx7hIP4uTT PQ7pptNNXq7AP0vAZMGP6zhtcmuveOAWO3ACWuJPk1rfZ/U96oOycB7wyxos 5c1/u0PhtBU2dQwnP3Wu9szSWhxIJ/1/OS9wdCEN+rFLSJHqEckiBH7sFzm7 k5baXONtjCZ9gaIbJ05/6Kz6upUbiQA9p0I1BAHw/O3JnZG+Q2sBuvpgEiT+ CJnADffxVTotaxmlRIO4by0jn9wh0b0RwNsgOAcTqQJ0/qu/6pZrb31Pi1jm v0LdAXD94boVx+bW0EgPc53B0Gse3dt92xGOSHU8KCGdgIds9MuAZDnNO0gj 82tgnapuurJYBucX8EaBVKszIeWuONwNgAsM7u/tQDmXGzd9lZtadHeq4ET9 Lsl70ALvQ+CqdF1zza2v0/Ua1s8DX5n6Kdt7C9zBDuJA8x3VF/VMhlf9FABP tm36TRp7Q0bmod2fa0Mccats6wbDuHzAS96I/S/BVOkAS87Dt3QI+kGkeX0V E7W2Na4knvqGwY/dWeeo3kh7cJtz4BMPJIA83N/NUK882vfGLXVc52jnPJDn eDnhvtSOWHceCqblL6d0/TfZILXv8J+jPt/qK3Q9mwmv6PMkyAfzm/2Fz1nW 8qoNaemts26k7vA/SHt/MSP1qzQJHTGw520Wer7T8R6e7chDNj34hskgvROI +i13ucNJP4tTNlrSHvBA+jMTH8v81YNf1my3XMacGutshll28kMBPENr3P8A 6qFkfW2+qs2fs5m02uqrY5/vc0Dd6rmNY709yPv4tPWii9H6jN30i5xH0RyB wXqVbqwzawh2m6AIn/zpcq/673Mrb6nTNtzgTBfptb9J3839FqG36+5Dsd1w 6XMOhrt/sAj852zfu/spwyQOokCrhL1d+Syit11hIaG7nN7hLAyqszHbk1E7 X9naOEae5cwz60v6tU/FsxHUhzRIrcHFzpG2t29jdrHz/XXQM6dYzGbTVc7H LHF9e2DtBO70X7p9ZjNzlINdQbWnenQSVN46lTtFRZktA95f7Hk+W0emmHU2 skZNNlJA5ILh/nNRU3Ulnu670tgJfdsA7lrv/Iqld9dPq5UCTltdGmn+1Cx3 SIk9HdUXODfpGFyeT/jF6G0RTYXeJDXH8gWfb/jDwLA7a25zmidKzqPASjY6 lXCege1szK2cKnb1Bx7riHfX1rjNWDkvI7+1qrO+u+Y4+zpbwPF1mv8A1KPH AdUcE+z27sx0zPw8j4oTsjQQTOsg8eS4Z31y64fodPoZ4brHH+5Cd9bPrG4+ 1mJSPME/9+S92HdXtT7Pd+u6HDT3DX5Ht+6oeo5cEfrH9Zn85eOz+pX/AH7k N/VfrK/U9TcB/wAHWP8AyCaeYxjqkYJno+gbim18CvPTmdWa02ZXUctzANIJ rE/HatvH6djDpNfUM67Ne99TbbKxkOEbtWtER+aUY5hO+HWkTxmPzaW9QLHM kgxuBafgUM21AauaPMuAXJmz6ut1NF1n9fIsP/f0P7X9XPzenVvj99znflcU /i8lvD5vVuzsNn08ipvxe3+9As670Sv+c6hjtjxsb/eudGf0oAmrpOOSPCnc fyIzeqOH8x02tv8AVxh/5BDi8Qrh8HWP1n+r3bqFLv6p3f8AUph9Z+jOH6O2 ywfyKrD/AN9WcOq9bP8AN4j2+G2hrfywnOb9aH/RquH/AG23/vyXGP3grh8H Q/5w4hPsx8uz+rjv/iE/7atd/N9MzX/9bDf+qKzt31qfyHD+ta0f9TKgcX6y v5I+JvP/AH1qHGO6q8HU/anUj9Do+Uf6zq2/lemPUOtn6PStv9e+sfkKy/2T 1130rah8bHu/gn/YXVnxuyqmx2Aef4pcQ7n7FUfB0DndfPGFis/r5I/761Cf m/WPt+zKh4uue7/qWhVm/VzNmTmMHwrJ/wCqcpj6tWO+lmu/s1tH5UOIeKa8 kv2vrZ5zensP8lr3KJyOrfn9XxG/1Mdx/K5RH1YqHOXcZ5gMH/fVIfVrD723 u/tgf9S1LiHYqrxRuvy+X9dAH8jHA/6pyG7IH53Xck/1KmD+CtD6t9N7+q74 2uUh9XelDmpzvi93/kkuLwVTnOvw+H9Wz3/AMb/31QfZ0k/Sy+oWf9dDf+pC 1h0Do4/7TNPxLj/35THROlDjEr+6UuLwV9XCNvQOHfa3n+Vku/gUP1/q8DH2 R9g8X5Dj+G5dIOmdPb9HGqH9gIjcTGbxSwR4NH9yXEewU8y3J6D+b02kx+85 zv4oleZ00fzfTKG/BhK6QU1DhjdPABSDQErPYK0f/9ToR9YxsvbSPUGP/OFo aA0OP+lSq+seLeDSx28DWwAaCP5Tv5zcsAM6Tvs2PO3aBaD7Qf8ASVx+dsci Nv6Tj2htbdwgd5Mf9TuWbxT8Sy2HVu6o97bLamtiQA1wkjss+zPyKLPUsIE6 nbooXPvraa3EFzmBwAB0DvczdP5+1M6nV3qNc6o+PMjT6QTDKQ3/AAWtsdRr uY2wyQfpHuCVYruqLdXEscDo06zyshvTcguDKgROviAFPHAYHNtZDA7aXHUE j4JEkiwb8FW3w+9zvad0SAJ8O6IbCGNEueIgt1Maa+1PTTV7bGGI18hH7ylk 0vJacaCHyRBMan+V7lGLN6n+xKCnL3N2hvviSPh+bKO+4Oa1xnfMv7SFCqiu BAIcDE+HlCtNZSytrnwC46GdQ75IAkaIY0341bC1xO0OL3SeZH0QYRDlBrmQ 1xcW6F8kjX2SD/JUWNx7N++d8+zgAf8ACfyknveHNEtsdMNc4bi4j8wH+qnC RH17JbLsljiWu3fohJ3cgkfS0UXZbBWDcOOCwwSD9KFXtaSJ3Al3J1kCd23t veoljne7aIZIa385GWSlNmnqTaw9vLSS5zHGTB/O3fyfzUDKyWOIta4yewJm E9ba3bKg2XPY4w4gAfvf1XblFmHbY12yHbBugnUwf8Gz+SmnLI+kC0LvzLCA HuMjXf3/AJI/qqdmVba8vscGhoA2tESUIU2CzQbtsNL+3i0lStqhriHe3gN7 k/vJvuE2lTMuwfQBIfJgEzr/AFfzlF2Q4wRZJJJLDxp+e9Rr3tMEcEgax7v3 UI1+9paPZoDGkT+bP8lvuRBkQEN6u+0ghgFjf3gIgH6bgXfmoe1hOzdxAb3a 0k/SH72xig9mOX+ni2WWFmrnOaGtI/eq53NUW2NrkkHa3jsShLLRrqlPXTjl rQTFhfs3DgNP55P8hVjbj0v2u2w9wHqRGgJbu93/AFac5jAHNEDTt3B/N/so T7S4Cu6Nphm0mZ/8kkJDTSvJSLKrysqsYrnbmEbXv5LmtOjf5LHfSsZ/hHqe FiNrtAyhtred1FdXubuPt/zfanLCzbUwiHj2kGTDR7fpKddz29OvyGOLX2P9 JrgCdobtLxx9KxzvpKfEDOQiTQ6fRXFQ0bv1ewKrupvta2KcSDA4NkObWP8A rTPcusWb9X8RmN05rmt2nIJuM8+76Ez/AMHtWktKERGIAYyvCBm5H2agvADn EhrGkwC48SjrH6lkCzJ2B0CgRp++7n85v0WKLmsww4ZT7D0/3l+KHHMDp1au VlssbNuJTYR3c/T7guc6psyAGVdNxa9pJD2Agk/HatjMv0Ld8DtJP/k1mWWN Omn4fxeuc++5jI3O/wAP+i6sMUAAeGvqXD/ZvULDLKqWDyBP8Fp4X1UzMjGG TZlMq1IFVdRfY6Dy33I7dkRM/ci4+fk4gd9nf6e76UASR/mqQc9lupfLtcR6 o/1vUqWGx6dD4uJ1TpDsLJpqsus9O52xz9oG18bmtd/WU8v6u1Y1bSbbXvcd Nw2Dz+ktPqmSzqGEcdzAwhzXteCSdzTv3n95Vj1B+XLbGMa2uWkNGhj84pQ5 nPKMPWQQSJ+X6MlvtC7MWnidLxxvL6g/ydDv4q23ExWfRoY3SfohGxwwBwY0 AHX4pnOEz3H8FDly5DM3In6s+OMa0AY7KwPYwN+QTQdwA48FMkRwRp37pU7N znvIa1gJJ8ABJ/6KYDLuSv0Di/WGcrNxOlUyXWubv/64dg/zafWsXVWU1PqN Lmh1Ubdh42jQBcx9XWnqHW8nqdg0qnZPYvHp1f2mUrql03J4vawwh2Gv96W7 i8zPjyk/RrM6dgMHsxqm/BgRm1VN+ixo+DQFOUlPQYLVx5JT5lJMjXgpSSSS Sl0ySeUVKThMnSUunCjKccoKWKYhO7QpklLJJ4ShFS2qeITjRNJJgapKWhIN J+CmGgc6nw7JOIALnkNaNSToAE4RJWksdo+KcA9lj531q6djyzFBzLRpLDFY Pnc76X/W1z2f9aOpXSH3Nx6z/g6RH+dYd1jk7hiN1al//9UTcbDy632NIYXC Q1v4/wCagW9LtG0U9hJJVW3DzMUDc5zbCS3YO2qkyzNYC7c6JLS6Tqs0A6cE h5FV9wu53UcY7qrHudO0sOpk+XuTOz+oBxNtrgSIJnQD93aPaj4nWrMc+ndU 24NkB5+m2T9Jqu19U6Xa1hvrAj2ztGkfQdp+f/LTjKQAuPFfZSsfrLiWh79h a0NGnPyVr7Vbe0Na0B7QWsiHEhZzv2Y94e10Na6QTqSfNyX2agsLsfIDJeJY 6dv9ff8A1lEDZsgxS2TlZ2Oyai72na+siD/aVlvXDSAb2ulwILBqP3YftWWX 51Rjdva4y4TIJH5xUnZN1n+AA26kxzp+cjwqt0h13GsHcO0IMd/zlJnVMe2o tYT6TnbiDpBAiVz9zchrtzqy3vEdiUwyPRIEgEaE9kfbB2tVl6SrNrsYW7vc 0NAAOjhO3T/vyvPyKHuqBc1rmjb7OzvPb9Jy57EFFle5zmCCA73aGfgr5bAD tpDRDRHbdp9JRTiAa113XAtwZ+KbR6djQxp0Ourh7Tz/AN+THrDH2+xh1HtJ HMaSqcs3Q2vaK9J4k/yvzWo/rOolrq/aNXECR/wev0U0R6KSftasuBexzHN9 gdpHnP8AVUq+pG20OMy7uNPI/wDmSav7NY7e6P0g27SNQfpAbj/0lM1S8gQA 0bPaZ2n94ocBOoCmbs3aBW1jt5+m4/RgfR/rJrOqA2Op9P2ughwGjTEIe5zd oeGiOT34iVEOa6xomAQHtdxyY/O/dQsDTbopBlZVwtDuTY2CfzRt4/ImoyMv IIAADmDc1pBA1I1/zUS0WWEl8EkwC3uB+dp+8p4m5rHSfTpaDueZIJHFTQyU 6UuHyUBbJptrulpmto7GXOBOrdzfov19iE+q2+xlNbyW79RHd3ta3c7bvR2O axpcGkyIDN23v9Kf5P7qnUKQC1kkwdxjQE+Ept6jTsQlAcC5tjtslzR7g6Pd GjzH/Bv9qY9P3hoa6bCTtcTMQPf/AJrVo23j0qvUe11rQXBztC5k+5tjh+6o Y1tJJLdr3sB20PBgnnc9zfp7U80D4UoORZ03IOU14eHuoG1pcYB/8n9JWsSn Iux6OlWuEPytwI5c07W/R/4P9K/+wrjBZe8l7a6q3ntoA4/Sd7kboNPr9dse Dvrw2EB/iXexp/8APim5U3lEetdkSGj1bWhrQG6ACAPgnSSWmsY3Wtpqfa/6 LAXH5LmrXvILnyS6XOieTq6NFtdVFtlTKK27t53O7e1nu8Hfn7FhZFNrQRsg /L/YsH47lnePEARAeuUv0eLpFvclGOpJ1OjnZVjnOO0ER8f/ACLVUcXDknz2 yf8AyKtvx3k+4aecf3pDHr7mP9fisoTHn5BvkNRosPE8d5/8kjVUWP5aQPMf 7UeqvDZYPWnbPugBxH+c5Pdl1t3V4+jJ0ftAMD+SD7U4iZHpiTZrZbYumn1E U4dE2uAe5zWMr/OJf9HasyttlHqC8Fr3OLvgD9GUsr1r85tlrC5mO3dWezrC fc9/u/NYp3erkWOeAGtcRo5zZ8Nfc5W4cvkjADhkTIcUjW37sQt9yNmyKHi2 8B7bGv2HQQDOmhR3Vgn/AGqngu+ztc0lsv0HuB4M9ldYLLjNNe4tPu9w+Sjn yuYyPDCX2JjmxgfOPtRuq7gzAWb1rJGHgPrd9O+THgxv0/8AtxzmVLTd9saY 9NrT5u5XP5TLOq9UxcczsyP0hb2bQwn9IJ/07voO/wCLU/J8nlOaPHGox1Kz NzMBjPDIEu39WcM4vSay8fpcgm6z+39H/oLVTAAAAaACAPABPC6EOQdV00pJ QihSSSSSlJJJQkpSSUKQASQsFIJkkkrpAgFNomgJKZuc1QkJJJKVKUplJrRy 7hFCmtLvIdypQOGjT8UDNzsXCp9fKsFbBo0clx/drZ+e5cf1n6yZOY1zGk4u H3YD73j/AIZ7f/PdaeI1qUE9ne6n9Z8LCLqceMq9ujg0xW0/8Jb/AN8rXJdU 65k5b/127eOW47Pawf8AW/zv+uLLuznOG2kbG8T3VMu18zyUDPskRbN2fc/R vsb2A5VZ7p7ye57qPKfbKba6n//Wt05eBmMsssa0Na2fcQAADyivr6c9pY0t FbQHtceNpH02/nLj7A+pn/GaEHUQk27IgHcfIeQWbLlgfllQSJHs9Sfq/i5r g+gOukB1oYNYk+mHa+3f/wCBqtZ0QV7n8scYFXJj+ssijqF7GelJc36TS0lp aR+duaQ5aGP9YLavTcSXWV8F2qUoziBWqrBYXdGyGNAaIaToToCT3cfzdqC/ pWdU0kRo4gAHkfvLSb9YsR1zX601taGEu95a4n9JeGN+l/UVSz6wY4ynPra6 1uw1gO0B2kxb/J9RGHu7AWPFRpp1tztxYxxcKtdw4EhGZl9RsIDdCRDieNfz v5KJd13H9AeiwMvcZJiWmeyq19XvNMEDcHAgfmgAzLU6pn9EIbf7TyfTi1gd URtLCNC5vDT/AORTPuxbq91lcuJhzR7ZdG5vCtY+bg5T/RtcG1kO9wEE6j3f 8YinpmMaRW0t2N/Sb2ncSXH9H/XcoyQDRjRBTq4teyYa4M3GCyDp81tYbsew V+s8NFYI3HSY9w3tn6X5qGOk+pY6x8ktJLG86fy1C/omU5wbS2X7ZgGBE/SM pGcJVrR6qFh1KziEFtR2PcZeNCST8fimsxanYttTnFlDgwPsa86n3DbsPtda /d9JY/7Nyq9hpeS8N+kNOVFuNlNfHqEub7ts8ED2wmVG749k2ezqt6fTQRWL ycZkbo1c2R+bP7iqV2ZdOQ6yiw2tDi0OOg1Hfd/JVM09QLGtOgl0OPd30nN3 n6W1V3tyTWG7iDMkAwfD+0jwC74t1X4PQMtyMlh2VuZBAFjnN2iB8fpe1Ox1 hLgIM9zq4iJft/dXPPyLq6xTuljdYAjX95PXnXsd6m4y7Qa+CecMTtsjiekf meza1pbNY3R3d+83+oqbM7LLy11ejXSdo0Pw/eWZ+1so0GpxBLRoY93P7ykz rVzHvMA7iDt7JntSvYJ4nW+2Wlra2DeWR6mkzqdVC3KsZNRk7o3DyP0Wj71n s63YLprbsYJAb3Ad9Jm/85W6Mg22tF0DeZYCOT+b70JRMdSoN197cMxe6p9h cWurY8PLAefUDfoKTMjHDS+qx25nLh7dP5B/eVbIpaLW1NbLyQXNbBJ7tb/I 2orMaqthN0ajVg4/tOToYpS0jr/W2UZAMn5jdwa3fY46uawbgRPufu/qh30l 0/1Xw345zLLNpdfYLG7DIDC3fUP8165Q3taBXU3QmAwHk/1Wwuj+qefhVWW9 G3bMuub62O09Wmw7m30uP87t+hb/AKJXMOEYydbkQs4relTpkpAEnsrCUF2p dMaCBP48rFztHGD93/mL1tE+3nU6mPP+q5qoZFVRdL3Gf9fFMmAdxaQSNi4F s+E/6/FDaz13NxnD0/V9gs/dJ+ifb7vpLYsZhAcOJVSyunRzGmWe6SeI9yYM euw+xdxnuWh0ZrP2Y2p7WhzX2MeI7tc5uqHm4LNjvTG2eYVHHzCanWAkbrbX d+7vioWdQe0Rugx/r3RHD2QSXJyKXstLQDPx/wDMHJ6rbaCZbLfif++1rQpo OaHvc4BwPJ0n7imu6Y8Vb7rq6WDuXAk/AAootHXnmN/pn26DV3/kVrdNynPx t79HFx8eBwsnAxcZ24X3sbWNQJElaWNXjhu2gh9YJ1ABn5JsttlMs9zQwssf 6ddjXPueJBZQ3W98l30n/wAzX/xiq/Vyh9/r9ZubsfnGKGH8zHZ7KGN/rNCq Zu7qmWzpFPFxFvUnjhlNZ/RYun7zvpf8IulY1rGhjBta0ANA4AGiMY0hkkkk noUnTJIqUnTJJKXSlRSSUylKUySSl5TSlKZJS6UpkklKlKUkgJ+CSGQ154Co dX61j9MYA79LkvH6OgH/AKdn+jqQeuddZ05pooAfmuGjTq2sH8+3+V+5WuEz eoONr3OebL7DL7HaknzUgqIso3bHU+rXX3m7Kf6tx0a0aNaP3WN/Masi299r psMxwOwQ3OLjucZJ5lQ8AmmVrgKZF3mm178J2tOiI0CYIITUsGsJ/wBhRAzb 5+SkA3sPnwnjg/eip//XhkdH9R7HsaNobLaR9I6+4/1m7tyBf0oMaGkHceSB 4KsOqZDrmPssdLTw0wIiFps6zhnE2PrdZYNp3Ey0NJ9+4H3Od+4s328gAAO3 VNhzfsG2xrG6MeDLu38pBycO+u51JZtdWYDe5n6K3vt2Hs0Ic1x2OEcNcPp/ 5/5qPW+l9pA/SOa1tdbtD24/spvHOOpVVvKPwshri2Nr2CSPigejsYNwjWYX cuoYaXy1nJaGjUzx7f7QQP2NUXzYWtc5pFoIEBh+P57mp/3mtJBXC8a/Fe3U iARMDtPBU21lsAjQxz4Huuks6NV6nqz7HHaGc6D8yFE/V42ufYbNzzBsaR3J 9rW/1Wp45gH6C0UXnG1Pa4EmAPFWq8q+uvY1/tGjD+cB3a1yv5XTCSWsBc6J DQJ7x/31VrMG0AuLNoEAjzPgERkjKjaNVsXqNtENDi5g7eS2sXrzIDnkSxon Qy4/JYj8KxgDi1xY7gtaSJGhCi6ixo/myWtgadvimnFjOoICeIvUWdXotLtj wGEgzwQT/wBLZuUKczGvY/2GANANPd2d3/dXNObkVzurIBkERpr/ACkqMm2n 6JIBIgnlA4R0IKeJ6011ztyGAuY1ramgatJ97vd+Y399VbPRfERtjYHckT8P zlhDqeQGmvefpTMyZR29SLfaRoQS4cSSmnFICgOiuJ0sjp2PYSwbRBLp7QB7 eFVu6TWGtFbHOIcGsnkk66sH0NqsP6lWT62WNzQQ17WnbuMf67lNvU8AWMh0 MJ3F3MafuqKImBQvTqnRpUdJI3ss9l9jCWPA9rKgf0j/APjX/wA1Wqj+mP2B zm7KyRsB0cY1Mro6c3HJIqLXusGm6C+Bwwf1UPIysUY5BHq1V7W1kA7iHu2b N30fbYPzERPIDpr0pVB52zBuDgSJ3Hhoga6N8FLGqyzbVTT7nWnaxzj7Rt+k 4n91i6IZmPlvgwAHEBrY1Df3P6iNjjH9atjBDJhzQIAJJUsJGchEgdkbaoa6 n0MLK5sdEPvjaXfM/Rr/AJKrXVucfcR8JlatuNJMtJPh2QXYj/3Q0K8IgCgN GM2XPpqDS6w6bRt3fu7wa93/AEkNlnT3vZ07qJsxyz+iZtRiypw/Nb+d7HHc tJlIqduIDwdHsPDmn6TSjZfRcXqGNvp94YPbbH6RkfRrzaxLv0f0as2tr/0f 8/X/AIRGkxT43XfrD0eto6rV+2Omj6HVMSC/b/3Zq/k/n/zf/XFudO+sPSOs 0k9OyWXP03VGW2AE/nVO/Sf2lzGL03rdD6z0gOosrZFkz6VpB9n6Xc6tjtv0 3/p6/wCQtPK+qNOYWZGbh1HLHudfh2uxn7v5WwbHP/4b2PRXO3l3PYONfAPH /flh5Wdtkmt3xEdlo4uD1ClrapstqGhGU6u90fuesPTt2/196x/rX9WupZz2 ZODub6bNrqqXCsk+Oxztr/8APTTxWKSKaGR1hrDBrsHyEeKz8zrrzS5lVbiX CCSY/guczOndQoudVfdk12t+kywlrh57XKjdi5Ta59ewawJcT+RO4JK4g7f2 9zKxX6ZEEmZEa6/uIQy27/cHO8jEf9QsQYmS6Cch0n4+MfvKP2S86jJdHz1/ FDgRbv8A20MdtZuId2a78m1ig7MY7Utd9/8A5isVuJkAOAyHa6Gf4fupjhXk R9oePgf9qPAVWHcGe1gn07AP6/8A5irb+tW1YYqxWPfk3+xgHILtP0f/AAjl zLsJxdLXlg0G2Sf+k5y1ugZOF0q825LLLbXaNyAd5YDyG1fm/wBj3ocCrep6 H0lvTMUtfDsu8+pkvGvu/wBG3+RUtGVVxc3Gy2epjWtub32nUf1mfTZ/aVgO CVFDKUkwKUo0q2SSilKCrXSTSlKVKZaJSoynSVapSSSRUpLRLRMSkpeUpCjK YuSQvMlZ3W+ts6bWKqYdm2CWjkVtP+Gs/lf6Jil1fq1XS8fdo/Is0pqPH/GW f8FX/wBNcBn59lj3usebLrSXWPPJJTogAWVKzc07nncX2vJLnkySTy4rNL5P n3TOM/E8qBk6d0DquZc8KTWxwEzWk8corWlo7FJSmggfQkfFEbrqdPJJonU/ cloOElLjwTE6acpSmlJT/9DDtofU8giSNE2w8nTsPgFs3VB494EN79jqq7cB 1t2wN3MJgngD5qhDLpcuyiGgGmWgQNeVYrycrHDm7iIjcO+46/8AUq/i9JD7 XWTLaz7dw9s8blI9Lc+kkzDSQHEavc784pHJCtdaSAWg3quU3a0ukA7vOUen rFwHulx0JJP7usf5ylZ0O7cDUNSGyHHykun6KA7plmw2Nbppt15J9qb+qP4q 1bg626Q5zRvB3T58/RK02daxn2bGguAAO4iIJgxqfzVz2Th3UtBsb9LQE6TI 9paFX2XVtBcI3ElvjDdNyXtYzsVWXrq8nDO61gDnVuO6I1aDD2N/sFQ/U+Xk taQ41P8AvBZ/Jd/LXKerkVtYTuY1w3MMRuAMOM/1lI5l7mtJdLGEn5lL2NdC E8T3D8PFDPVqc2o1GBQwkOM/vbvpOQqsXG9OtjxX6ZJc5jYBjV3uLv5XveuS r6tlteQ6xzg+C4nU6ce4q5X1u0B/qEB7gJf4AfS/tPQOKVjqNiqw7Zwqrmtk hkSCXfRmfpbfztrD7FSv6LjurcapsGpBA9znT+f/ACf3a2KDeuVOsDyze3b9 B2h3jg/nblcp6/UWBzg2ID7Gt5Gu2R/ZTCCD1CtC4b+l3tlrm6l3YD7lfq6K LR/NugNl1g7NB91jmfylp3ZmFfQ66na124S0cgcc/nO/eQjk1B+5lmjmGo2E EAx72V2M/Nb6iJnIka/2qoBzLuhZINxe1ratHtbqSCfaz+2qr+lWVuMNc4NG jiOV01mbNDXMDfVva0AzLDt924/m72OCOMnDtbXjw0mZ3OgtLgP0m/bt9Lf/ AJiQlOJAtVB4j0LW+3adRvHbQfu/ylE2WnbDtfzSey6v0qrmn2h9bJ2n5fSM oV/Qqb842tAcxtQL64AY54EODjLW7fznqSGQnQxW12eXrsur2va4tafcIMT4 LpOiPbkYU3WQ5xc31DwHNMN3/us/l/mKjb0m+yzfcS5wcJdGpH8nQM9NrFaw azi0CjmHOJI77iSpcZjxadlUer0mN1Ci4jDzyMTNZDWvdox/7rX/ALr/APz4 nyarKn7LKzu7d582lc7dktNYpvb6tQ0Z2ewH/RWH8z/gbf0SLg5+XUBVj5Xr VN+hTaYcPJrLvo/9as2K0KQXaZ06286/om+J1P8AmrUwOk41BD2Amwf4Un3f L81qx6+t5lZbvwbbG9wwE/8AUByu1fW2oENs6flUs7vLDtH9Yu2J1AKAd9jA 0ADspQsXI+tfTqmbmNstPdoELJyvr+K59PBf8XmP4IDVNU9eXBokmAqV/Vsa okTMd+y4fK+v+ZboKWtHhKyb/rTmWydjR8ynADuh6fr2Tg9SMZNXq+nO1wJa W7h+Y5cN1XFdjOLQ71K+WP4On5jx++1Hs63lvPDfxVW/NuvY6uxoIeE4EIo2 1STLSP5QP/VtUSPa9o5kwf8AptTNdAE67YP3e1yW6CHHyn5e1C1UyaZ47/x9 yfwUGe0x4fwKmlaaWJSTweyaErRTJjix4ewlrxw9pLXD4PZDlqY31h6jVAfY 25vha2T/ANu0+m7/AKCyoKfadEtFU9FX9aWQPUx9f5Fg/wDRrWI7frNhnmq1 v+Y7/qXrlYS2+OqFBVPXN+sPTzz6g+LP9ql+3+m/vv8A8wrj9qUJUFU9h/zg 6d+8/wDzCm/5xdM/es/7bK5DbqlAHGhS0TT13/OTpn71n/bZTf8AOfpn/C/5 n+1cnATbQloivF6v/nT07924/wBgf+STf86cD9y7/NH/AJJcrtS2hD0pp6n/ AJ09P/cujx2t/wDJpf8AOnpv7t3+aP8AyS5fafBIMJPCWiqenP1q6cNNl3+a P/JJ2fWXpxY95FjXMaS2tzYLz+4xwLmrmQwcnVAtPugfNLRSuo52Zl32ZVwJ ts/NA0a0fRrZ/JYsV73EyeVfy7iyvaD9JZuqF2kBc8+KdrTx3SARWAN5+SSm TA7s35lTEnUwkPceCB27J47JKWSKRj+5R41QUvwoklLlW+m9Myeo3mnHAhg3 W2O0ZWz9+1//AH389JT/AP/RsRZbU11zGtY7VtdYiI8N3u93+kerFOO7a2vY 2tj3EEDsY3fSPuc/+Wr78J4AZcG7iBMfSaAfoPI/lKdPT3NbItIJB41ED6Sy JSMjW/8AzV9IqaPa4N3OaABsEAjX6LWqTtBsLTNb/fXyGgpOxtpHu4Mvdy6P o+381qb0mFzSSfaTM6d/JCURXZS4a5tZMBzGzEdgfZ+d+bqkaa2OYxg9zgPo iS0HX2p67at7gWFwH0ZMif8AhFNlza7B6YBghznE8E+0N3Jo9I0KmvkY9FmS 0xLmydZcIGh3PfKr39FbfDiwNPAMntI/quWhb9nqd+jrl4gku1k/ugfup8e1 zi94JAn3667R4IGch1VTh2fV5jXOr9QbNpDmmY1hztqr2dGeQ2trN0AuaByd dR/Zb9JdGz9Jua8e9joB7lx0Zz++msynAN9JmwMLjaY1Lho1n9h/0VJHJM7n pajEPIZHSrK2+rENJDQDo537zmj+SqjsS9rA/adjiQ10aaea6olhaC+S9sON nIaCfcdv5znLLvyw99zXHe3dtYJ/NHt3OhSwyT1WkBxTvb8ePCUxeQfaY8vH xV6+pzgbC0jd9ER28kh0x4vLbNHbWh38mR7lKJDr+K1qC60uEGSI400COzLy XfpASXP5OpBj2lX6ulNa5m8O2l414Mfm/wCctA9MdTrVDag4sBcddDO6G/yX KOWQdACmj3cWuzKrcTBh/ueOxn2yinqeQHMIBG1u2OxHef6y0acIWxU0gbGP L3HT2jlyb9m1vtjQsAGhG1oB+jDfpOTeMFOrVPVLWMrdtO1wG5vZ0eX9YK1i 9Ya+1rMgjboHF87WNJLjP7rEr+nE2ue90ObG8RwB/Nt2/RZ/VWZbiXElrWkM JHm5xJ9znf8AfEQY3StQ77+qVPvtcy8uaJ2lwguOgbtafzHIDmmTcGltdr3e kTwQ07X7f7awbKbQ/ZLnbdG8nTsNV0v1Wy8TJ6Wek9RBaW2vdVZw5jnHf7XO /rKTHAcZlxfbsiz2c67Uqpe8NbHPxWr1jpeV09xdZ+kxyYZkt+j/AFbP9E/+ ssDKtKsRJvVTL7U5n825zPAtcW/9SWpv2vnNaWfary1wgtNry0g9i1znNWZZ aZ0KH6p1lT3otdA9Sva722OaR3BIUHZL36lzj8yVnusdPwRcd+qCU5JKhBPk pOeAVD1o+aVopl6RJ8Bz8UxqCichRN7krUwLCLNo7ktHzEhR+kw+P/kh/wCS SsedwfxBB+YMqQcBY5oOjwY8JB3tSSx13Vu7OIP+cNv/AFSsBg/gqjnfoiOS 3cB9+9iOL5g+KSkmyEgw+CgLip+slZUuGHuPgn2R/BR9fTj4pjcZ14jRK1as 9oSDB4IXrGeZ8k/rBBSTYJShqGbSol/dJSaGjRPDVXNib1TCSmzATENVf1Sm 9RK1J5H3JSPBANh7HVN6nmkpsBwhIOAQDaO5/FIWeGqSk5dr5KpY4biUUvAC o5dpa3a3Qu4RU1L7nWEt/Nn5lC/ilynaDOqSWbWgkCFZ2ho00KFWyyNDtA79 1NrY8T5nVJC8HRPMdk0ykTKSmMnumkfFI+CLiYuRmZFeLjN333u2Vt7Se7v3 WMb77EEpel9Mu6nkmikitjBvyL3fQqr7vd/Ld/gmfnr0Po/R6MbHZW2o1YrI dXS/V9jv+5OY78613+Dp/wACo9C6RjYeLXVV76Knb/UI/pFw+ll2f8DU72Yl f/XFsnx7obof/9LpXuGw2fSa4foxrLCTr7/zv5SEKos31vLK3kCxx89I2quX xQxlg3O1hg1IP5rijXB9eG57gdwc1jrW6zu923+R7QsURJo3pWrIlsqYGWOA MOPt2mf7LlNlbXltdrgLiDvg8QePd+c/aq1Nl9rBQQWbi7nQyP5tzj/Ib+cq 7rrQza3bLgQNuuv8pqEYiybJCm+5rXQSwCtzfULWmIHDQ3997/33ILWB20Pa JscQ2tkl0fmtDUBtz6y6y1pFbQKtk6y3UWfydrvpqOX1oi8XUbjZaJs2jbEf Qdv/ANI7+QjwcR18vFFh0WtYSSyJaYc6CSHDQqDwceqwubAILa9wDtXfRb/0 lj5PW720+i1ux7/cbBxJVdvU+o21+m9/tc2BpxB4b+7uThjA0sgDbzVbfzeq ZeC1hx8VmcwANygH7XiP5rY93s/rrJx/rViZFwrtZbhue8z6hFlRnhs7vY7d /U/kIuTjuzPVqsbo5kmDB3Ae1zv7a4l1jjqAD2dOqtYIxkKrYKvR7a/7c71c ilu+kP2lzB7RHx/kqPTumsvPr3vDKm7mv3Agkj6LK2/nO3fn/QrYuW6d1e7G sDWXOqDjLCDoCNNrmulrmO/lrq+k9dqc3Y7bXY2TY2RBaRDyyl3/AKJf/YSn iMdABqkRB1BdKnpw2FjSH1Nk6y5gJ9u5rmztf+fsVmrBqFZds3OkMfJl20+5 rtv7qlRbUwsax/tcIhvEH+ac395v8tRrteGfombsppJYZPAM+nP9VVTIgka/ 4X/cqqkgqYHMqawbr9GkmSI/dGqm/HNIDXANG3eADqBPuaf5bfpIZ3sLLj7G OaC1vL2kezefztznJvXuZa17T6toJFm76JGm2o7UIyH6Vj/uQpNVi1UXucQH 7PY53A552fSeq5dU8SyfUDhtBAiSdo2O+j6X8h/0Eeil3og7hX9I2Oc4boHv iXfmqsHOe5pbXqDucHaN2HuW/wBVOkDpWgKGxbRQCWhw3VxOshxJ9zm/yWtQ rMdhZ6tbpaxwrl8S2Rul4QbLXNs9m4uLiwnhw/dJ3RtU3mxgcK3m2ptQBI5d t97x7vo7N1mzemiVknpeuuqmLsauyv2yS5u17nc+DYdp+773tQLcMOrFlJEv aCxoMn2jb/3xXn2tb6YZDqS8tDX8gDa6vf8Am+5SLq31sDtrnucS0NMGR7Sx 7vb7EYyndHTxtVBzsP6xZGMPQy2m2oiN3Lo/lNd7bGKrm4v1czSX1g47nc+i 7YJP/Av/AEayq8sZL8nHd/SMS17SP3mbva9v9T6D1Uyg4AxoHaHwV6EiDwS+ 1buLbdn1exSYZlWAHiWtKh/zYmIy/vrP/kliWWXVfRc4eQJH5Ezc7LA0usH9 s/3qcX3QQ7R+q9nbLbP/ABZ/8kp1/Vaydcxo8/TJ/wC/LF/aGfP9Is/zil+0 uof9ybf84oVLup3j9Vj/ANzgf+tH+L0h9VWSJzTp4Vj/AMksE9Qzjzk2f5xU TmZffIsj+u7+9H1d1PQ/806TzmWfKtqDm/V3ExsW22vItfZWxz2tcGgEt1g7 VhnJyDzdYfi93/kkN1rzy4n4kn8pSqXdS+/c0jsdVEv0Y7u2AY/zU3fRNqZT lMw73E+Pb4e1Jj9APDT7kMkkg/66p2/ScPmgp6LpnRem5mBVkPvtZa8H1Gtc wAEGIa1zdysj6vdJA1yLT/bYP++rlZM+QTbk3hN7qesb0HooPuvtP/XWj/vq mOhfV3842H/0Ij+C5Cfgm7dvuR4T3U9l+xvqyOWvP/oUUv2V9VRzW4/+hblx 3yASBHklwnup7E9O+qQ0NR+H2t/96Y4X1REH0R88p5/iuQkhPOuqHCe6nrBi /VD/AEVXzyLD/wB+TGn6oA6U45/688/9+XJknSPmmkn4pcJ7lT1mz6n96MX4 l7z/AN+T7vqcP8DhwPHef4rkifiluJ7lLhPcqes9f6nj/AYf+Y4pjlfVMfRo xfiKSuTLnHWUpP3I8PiVPUO6j9W6huqxaXOEkAU6f9Jc663c974Ddzi7a3QC TO1v9VB+afwRApTMvJVDJcXXeEaQrTjtBPgs8nc4nxRUsiMAJAUOSi1Al4HY aklGlJWvOga2B4lS4S3NJgEGPypieI+KClSmLkj4KOspKV3XUfUzp291trmk PubsNvGymf0gr/4XI+h/UXP9Nwn9Qz6MJp2i5/6R37tbffc//tsL03pWPVVj 7q2em2zVjP3axpSz/M96SC3WgNADQGtaIa0cADgJSnOgTBBL/9PoXXVVvJDB Y7dDXnQHtsafd9Hd+aqtvUKanPqA/RwbNgA27x7ff/3xc8epXvtaAS1oILgO +3hQ9d1hl/vLidnlJ3blkDEd9l9uxV1Zlbnl+ofqPhHG4IX25ox2PbLXC0uA 40HvH8rdp9NUq6HmtpLh6rzozsGjlx/lfyU7q3jTndwe3mEjGIH4o1bGR1Kz Jssucdrsh5e9kRAP0dqGLS5jZMNaeR+RQsxntho0Ohlx1d/VRsbDuFLwWbix gfzEe6O/0vpbUru9NSdEMIG4MgEzOvgr2PW1zGhoaXAwC7QNJ/wnt+m5VL8c fSDoAgtIjXX6P8pTLrmMrIkAOAA8vzkLqrKXUpfj4xbUGyysmwQAQ+z831HP +kuH+s3Tm43V7xU30anOFjWtP7/ud6f8ldZe5rg95LmnbDawJhp/lmPoqn9Y 8THyOiU5l/6HLALaH/vsB+jZ/wB8UmHJwzH2HyXwjxWPB4VlTbrAzkOk+o3Q 6fvMWnVXkMqDa3hxHZwMaffsVHY9rWkDa5vBnUIlOZfWfed47dlfOoWjR6ro /UHVNJfW9+OBD2Agvqf+9Xr+kof/ACVvnNrZV6riYD9vqsBIBIBaLah7vcuA xeoF1od6Td7NYf8A+RW/g9b6fjY1uS/HFtg2gYpftHnd6vu9T+y1VcuL1XXg zRMZCi9C7KcdlzRuG0kvB9sE/Sr/AHkn2srftYXCvbzr3E2DX6PqKv0K7pfV hkMn7G5gda2reXNE/n1749u76VanZU/aRq0Ehs8/2/63uVeYrXvtfgxyjRZf aX2ixoMVMG/doIE7mt1/eUfWHpB8kOfoxoOs8Av/ALCdmEQ9/r0l44YJjc8t cylrGt/N93qblAYNoa0xNpklwMNGn5v7+3896ZxAUSTeui2mTA5zo273SXNk 6A8/S/OUvtAFddter2uIdWBPtA5d/nIYprggkskhjAOxaJ3KHpvqaSSDvdAL Rqe6YJ3oFNr1GQPUAedWwBo0xuY1rx7WpG0PYy0GQNHbewGstVQFws28AiDO jZjt/KQXVufWGB7toZEdvcZ9rfkpAQQFPHdZyLsTrmVdiOO/15qgfT3hpDHN /dfu9y3s7Dc1oDo9zQ4EHSSJTX9Da7qVXUnS2qtgtfURM2AFjI/kfRVx1Fj3 1VPZudaQabC4w1ondU2P5zd9D+Qrc8wkIkaGte/ktAp5PMYWug6QqjTBXXZP 1bvyjYNzaPTBcX2aMaAJ22v/AOiuTyKjRb6bnNc6fzHB35PoqfDljIVeoUVy eP700hMCYhNKlQzBS/1hRaZUklKSTpoSUtKQ0P4p0zjoCPHVJSx0BH+uiZpA P4FKTI8dJj/NckQipdIeXCRA4S4SUoJa8JpOiSSl0v4poTyUFLyEpTJ+UlK1 nxSjTTVLn5JFJSkku/l5+KUJKWS0TpflKSlJk6YIqYXmKyqKtZJO0BVUgpdo 17o1dO7UnTwCG0ao7S6NrB8Xf3IqZBsfREBNGuicaCDMjumlBS2olQMlTKZo 1CSnovqbhmx+XkkfS2YdZ/r/AKbKd/20zau9bAEDQDhc39T8YV9KxXH6Vgty D/1x/p1/+BMWpm9Uqw3Bu02u5c1pAgfNNvUqdDcnlUsDqmJng+i6LG/Sqfo8 fL85v9VWpRU//9SvjdNfc5rGgte76J8e7vU/qwr+NgVhjPWBa2xpO0H3Ejv/ ACGOcFpsw7DV9maGkuIN1jhMtA+hv/c/OcxinZjUkODC4tA/TWmIg+bS7aso 8ZFgnyX05tWHXIFr/SZpueBJPdzv7KPkYtTG2+71La3sZWW/QNZbuNsfvPd+ ajNcxxIqbvrrPvkwP3K3PP03e4t9n+EQnB/r2UV7bDuPpgcOAO3c79zbKYBp tv1UqvHcw772bvWrhpdyNx9m3X/BbXKNmM+sbXmWDbtd9InxaNqs33NrLcdz vUxqZY4NgOPqO3hr3/vWfyP8GhNdv9Uhk4uPt/Rt0JJ/M/649O4KNCyhG/Cs bZ6djCCJgabdPcgtDm6EQ7Tjx/O/6K1cW601kPb+sWu3VAiNu4e7c2P5uqlu 2tNdSA7dAGrg0PADobp6oaw7d+7/ADE2WGxYU0WYpc0uc8kNG60N0dtJ27QV kfWQW2YTXmMfHdYGilkxp9D+c929rfz3fzi6F+M8VOe149WNwa3iOfS2/vbW 7lTzabczp+W14bkNqbvoA72D9PWNw97d276aOKBEo9zr/L91fE0XhYa5xLhy ZAOiE6ppMT8jwlaLjZ6pMuH53j8WqDX2ucdZ7kngBaEboINWu+vYJb7Y7yiV WWlnvAO4EEz2KDWXFzi8y0BFY/3AuPtCcdkDd0c2tmMzFuxHGqx7PcwnXc0w +P5K2qusdZxTilmI69mRX6ljWjc3n2vY9v8AN7vzty5q3P3s9Bw3CQQT2K0+ n9Rrb0/Iw8r30lv6LUyIO7b7fdsVeePQWOKj+bKJA29V0/qNl5cTU+qyoBrh Y5ha2fF29WrLLIaWDe1lYa81kkkk+73furnGdW6b06ivC6cwWOefotDT7nfS sstd+cnyvrMykDHhuS9mhO4hoP8A1DlB92jxaA+CTGNXbr31vDC9xrqDxruc A7aNJ2uP535ykMmy412FpG8zcaRLQWbgx7WD6Pt2Lkbes1uvFrK/SeXB1lg1 mPoiD+4pWfWbILhZQNpboBwSP3nvaW7k8ct2B1WEQ7vSVQ61jXEBr3biYJDd yMK3VW7QC5zoBJM8zDv5LVldO65fe9hz6KmGwA1PFoDnOOjJrdsd7lf+3013 Gq6q4XxNYDC4FnPqB43M+kopY5RlVfUI4eretwzfkF384x8ufoOG/TdDfixE vrrwsUZmwWV4dZsexxIjUt9ujvTe/wBipV9SxqHusseGtcHCCSN3cIwzGWiy WnIpsHuBBAO/c59cTu2u3J0aOvfdQjK9QXhOt/WLqeUxtDr9rRqRVLG9+dfc 5Yb2Fo3NYQzkOK0/rKcj9r3i8NER6LawGsbTH6CutjPaxrFmsud6Zrdq3UBa GMARHCAAslub0bXScK7qmfXgVWNruuDvSdYYaS0b/Td/XaEbJwMvEf6eVU6p wOhP0XAabq7PoWN/qqt0y2yrqONbUPfTcxw+/a7/AKDl6IxpvNmO4B7G/wA0 1w3Bxl2/2O+j7Pco8uUwkBobCAHzlwLT3Cdtg8V2Od9WMe5xdjxjGJPJrkjd DR+b/ZXM5/S78W11dgG5sasO4a6hHHnhPY6qprh3eQU86f7UDZa3UGVNtrSf e0T8FKhnJOqi/cWeGqRewcD7ioOeJgOOvikpluMcd08wdQUPefmmkpKSb45n RLc3zCHvKW8oqZhzZ51T7ge4Q95+KW6eYKSks+afw7wg+08hP7fD5oKShKUP 2+J+9P5bikpJ8NQkO3mhjd+8fwS9/wC9+CSkn+uqXgFD3j84fclL/EfDVJTM JdlCXmZj8Ups7xokpmfD7k0yoy/y+9MN+mn4pKQZBMjVB7otxlwhDlFS9Zgy rIe0N2z7iOAq7NXI+0NYT3PcpKXJKjKcmU3hCSmJSc7bW93cNJn5JyoW/wAz Z/VKSn07otQpwqK+1dFDB/mbz/0nql1Fm+213i4rTwv5lp8W1/8AUMVK+vc9 3eXGU0iygbPOOc+q4Oa4se0yx7TBB8iuj6T14ZBGPmQ2/hlvDX/EfmWLhsq/ JZ1LJdvJLbHN2HVsA6NhX8bIZkM3N5BgtPIKBFJf/9XTBsYTTu1ALSGmf5Tv d+6/6KLVlPdkgvAP79QI2bCNu3+uhMhgIAb6rz9HvE7fa4/RRWEFoc5rQ+p7 iXdiCRs3N/6hYvGdtvNkYNY5jPRpJdS/V5boWN/PsZ/o/b7d6azqFGPZeGVM 9V9YiyQWtAGyqmpv573M/nUUtcGAwfdLJjQg+z2/m+9CuawkD0iXbR7ByTO3 n91OOWgPy81ADqhrspfYKns1DvUBcPaJj9J+c3dtVumrc5zaXNaCS6HzuJg7 Szd+jc1v5ibGDa2ucyA5o2vB11d7W7W/mt2qbXWbWF20hmgYdTA/Nc1ES2Pd Bpna59LSx5cLGNDbrHatL3Dcw1H+r9P2qYY22l4eGtrbo9hJDgTxb+873N96 r5RusILmOdVG5ruTA9r3OKizIpeWZL3SaZYwkBxIA+nYXSyv/Ro+6eKtgqmx aX1UPJOwWzbWWGQfzWtd/Z9u5VWX1VVs3HbsMEN7zDtjvzvobmNRbmuJdtO8 AQ0aEkPMtrb+5s+nYqV7Mne1ja9Wlu2eHOAnduRMydVPJdWxW1ZeSNzWsre4 +HJ9tbWn+SsqCWhx0a7geIXU/XShrsum8mIr22EiAXE/SY3/ANKLlrRqB3Gg VzCbja6YoqB2kEjQJB4Ic92mug8ghlr4iNp7poMy76I0EqZYvW4ue0jWOysb ntJgFvgqjWhzj28oRWue0Q15H5P81yRCgUokHXWU8xwEH1bR4OHcRCK2xj27 gNUKUxcDPmlLojx0lRLvwUS4unsnIWeNzwYmO55+9aWP9Y+q4rHVC11jSC1r XuJAJO7dz+as18jgz3QC5DhB3FpEiNnbxOt5LnA5Vz8rJscCy2121lLQfc8N +gtLH63VkZzMb1PVsG7ZkBu0O/O+lcfzv3v5v01ygkiRz4qJA13fd4/FNOKJ NpGSQDufWbrOD1NmLTiUem/F3+pk8G42Q6w7QG+z1G+pUsCCCpFzpmZHij4H T7+pZteFQP0lpMk8NYPdZZZ+6xqfpGPYRC3c+b2X1X6djM6LjWvx2nIvBttu Lfcayd1TGvd+az95bbMf9IDSXFlrdXNB3bRodslmzZ++9T2vYaqB7hXADTrA aIiZ/d/NUmXbrPUa3fsdJaB2JgVzP0FkSmZz4ias+kLqTW4zHDfXvf7A2BG6 OXiPo/1bFxXWgy7Oy2lu1hfsDWnjaA3R37y7LGvyjk1tbEscfaPaCQfznEbv T9y5HreO7G6rlsf+fYbGnsQ/3f8ARd7FNy5iZ9j+1R0Dz2YLjYJ1e0Q7tvaP 8I2P8Jt/nFX37ztBM9ge4+K1b62vG13jIPcHxCzrscySSJ/e7H+tH0XLQisa 5Gvgm1Cm2twJDjPgkyp0+6POE5SxB5CaT/ep+nNhA7jhOaXpKRAlPu/BSNTx 2lRLHDskpW7ySDvyqMJAJKZ7oS3KASiNUlJA6Ug4oeiRISpSTeUt+miHu8Ep cPmkpJvKcPKDJS3HlKlJt8/JLeUHcP70tySk28lLe7nwQtx/2JSQlSmFj5sI jhMDwo2avd5Jp/2pUpKw+8BH2kmXSRGgVRp9wPmrW5/0G6D84pKZfFN4Jgm/ gkpc6JnN3Mc3uQQn+CQgFGlPpXR7hd07GuGosoqd/wBHb/31Ttrhzj4klZ31 Qt9XodTJ92OX0uH9R2+v/wACsWy5u4AoDdD5x1xoo63lsIjc4Pb8HBpVKrIf VeLa+2jh2I810P13wTVm4ucB7Mhhqef5dfub/wCBuXPhhcQ1gknWEikP/9bZ +0ua9uwl3pkgviNzR/357UhbW22GmGukhvPtd7XD+uxTuqbSbBDoaQCXCI/N c4t12JvTLLfQsI9Inf6rIdqfbvbH737qwRA2RLcH7GS2fp1ljPVseZeA1hna CeHbB/V+kottx3PeQ8mGnbYwd51rf+7u/eYpWtrLP0e4uDtWOEuJja0scz6b VXpa9zPTrcWg+xzGkDcT+a7+onyjqAR9QpIy91bHWNcGGSQAPeddmx38n9xK /LNrwHn2WkPa5oBMxsbu/wBE1yCxha1xJO6sgu7Ry1zdUIuJZWBEEhrYkSJ9 rOU4SIvdDa+1vcWUveA2ouazWAJMuZvH5j1G59TNxraNzyXOjjiD6v8A1XsQ YDBwJL3NcH8t/wA36SXs9KQ0lp9su7O/Ns0RGu6kjwKw19OtQABbMne79xrf zETDO0112Fnph3u0iC47mVjVzmuVWsUsaJcWutMjb4f2Vfw6sd13qVsh7Nde Bpx/XTx4afVMdw5n1y2OxfTcwauBED3Ej6P+auGMsJJjdMNH539ofmrqfrVc 5+S2up20u0JPkuXudUyxvphz3T+lsfxucrPLDQ+a/Mdkdrw50uhg7wgWbAYj 7uURzm7iHclBJIsBHPKsBiS+1gG0f71F2jRuOqQc7n87uU0S4z4ooUZMQdFG YAifNSOo00UXQYA1hFS+9pHuPHdO1wDNxMD7vuUNpjQ/goOkGImElKss3HwC iK3OGvZSiDqOe6mx0ge3RJCwAb5eaZ4GnmpQYUqaLb7a6KWl9trtrWj/AF+i 1vvclalYOBkZ+ZXh4zZutcGjdo0D9+x35rF6H0n6tY31ereTaMq28b7bw3aN rf8AAsHuc2vf++q3S8GnpvSvs9IZZbY7dkXnR5j/AEX8n+stLHc7KLMcFrNw IdvdDZLf0fud++5UOYzmR4ImgT0/TXAN6gCndkExYxwLQ6HFwO472/mubu+i qzLH1Ph7fc0mIiHyfTLHO/dZKDi3PqbXVZAsbDoJO2T9CuR+b7t6hRcX5IJG +tznkNgxAGrW/wBWP89VCZARF6g6hOjcD/SovcQ0mxoY6T7oHta+qPd6jXex ZvWun2Z2BXm1lpuq9QtpbofTBBfH/otWbLjdXDdrnUtaQDAeBWd9g3T/ANSq 7cmoY7nZNRF1LiCZ2hzSP0fpw782U+GkokdNe2qDs8g4h2oOnb56qtcP7ldz cplua93pil79XtaIbu/Pcz91r/pKnadStSBsA7LGq4CVEtRdAm2j7lKpEQQR t0J/Kpe+fpEFJw0nwIKJGs+PZBSOLO7k/v7kH5KaaBCSmMGeyXpnwGqklKSk ZpB8EvQ+CKl8UlITj+BBlR+zgcH8qsTCjKSkPoHxH4pvQ01IRuE0pKRej4lN 6SKm8klI/SHilsHdTUSkpaGzMqXsGqYqFjoCSkDoc4nuUw01SjufmkEkrdla ZYBWHHUkaKsj47tdsDTUfNJTIEkSefAJ+/kkYc4xqO5TROg5SUvIT+Ci38VL SUlPS/UfNbXl5GE8w29our/rM/RX/wDgL939hdnQALHVO5HC8uw8uzBy6cyo S/HfvA/eHFlf/XK97V6VXkV3VU5lB3se1pBHdpE1n+0xLY2gofrH0xvU+k34 rI+0M/S45/4Rmu3/AK63dWvMGOexzLmaFp4Pb95pXrpO47x31HzXB/W7oxws w51Lf1TKdLwOGWn6Tf6lv02fy04w0sK4uj//1+huDCbZPtY51b4MgGdof/L3 fmIeW0ei2prRSQd+6AJHLf7LmoTcTIAcWNe4NaNXaaOENrte0fm/yVJrgbq2 2H6TPpcDQ67vU+i1Yxokkjh1ZKR13ObdXkWEsBbubYNYMQzeP5CQqLmu2u97 NQ6IE+f7u5PWGwW2Br3GPT1PtDSdXN/lNU66JY3Isc5rN0Cvgk/Sp3F/+D/O QvXh36qpCA5zxuO50AkAySP5ai+sBzi9pJeNwI1II7bf9GjGqsTYQGbmuc0z BgfR3NH7yT7212Q1rBvEEES493bnp4Fb/ahrPc0sG2WxLo5kR/5JKoP2mo/S kOgnUAcf9V7lNhb6jtugf7qj2EdnO/ltRGsYx1Ze4M0c71hLoDvZE/ufmPSA 1/BTXDXsZr9JpLQCOCDOiPS1zLQwE7GP3Nc0zyN9j3D/AEf5ieSW3VGHAn02 DRvuafa7/SKf6Nm8ib7GlpJIAa3832/yNn5idwmtDoq9XmvrUduWZ0Agt15X N2vL2y7gGQPP/wA5XX/WUsycRt4ix1biz1GthsfusH09rPzVyGgL2OH0uD4K zy5FHzXzN0UG4EaSTwoBrt3Oo7orgQ+TOmgCTTPlqrFsVKcI0B15kKO4NaGj WO6k7mG8JpBOnEJBLAAxzMpo1jw7KR/Ko7XaQI7IoZO2gQ1QdzIGsIpDaxxq oujTvKSmEEaFSDn6bRCc1ngdlMNIG46Dt4JWqmEEiCI/GSf3V13Q+huwKW5G Q0jLyPaTz6Vbv8G3+W/6V/8A22gfV7obWGrqGeGtLnRjNfwwj/tRcwfH9Euh DqhW5zQ6JbPqHUkfnfuV7v3P3FR5vmNOCB/vV+SQifY57LHW+7gV8AAtHpsc Nu32IRADd9bpcQDZEiJ9uz+0jsqaykXWObFxfW4ETDTy9v8A3xBsIqbZ6Ti5 oBaCBr5qmdgZa/8ASSkeWvZXkUP3MubMEQWuYfTezb/J2+z/AEjEOt1Vznbn kMILiNR7RO5un83/AC1XzLmsqBe9zGVBr9o1jWdP6356yqOpMqyH22ARDmiv kS4y539ZGGIzJIH0Vb0j2V1MNe/0Xv2k93EOG9jGN/efW789yxOt9Rora+mk k23MDHuJkAfnbHfy4/nFUZ1qz07BY8vNTnenubJdI9Nm8/1Fn9Sya8jMfZUN rDGxkzAAE+4/ylbxcueMEigFt6NOxznGXHjVJ1jjzqB96TodI/1hRfzqOOVe C1b1J+SQt1gAlMBHEDSFEeXYp1pZPs9pAGqYXOkbhooSEp0lK0UzFrCO4nhP 6jfHyQewUdwOviklseo2Rql6rR3VchRI/FJDa9VnM/il6kd5VOJjTVKCklt+ qyYnXwS9ZvcqpCQEmEkNr1a/HQJG5niqpGqbwSTTZN1fiom5piVXhIiYSU2P WZ4pvWYEDXhMkpMb/AIJcXcpiTKUwkpX5UuEu6U90VKUqzDp7cH4KMyl+KCm 2QGsAaPgAm147qFBDj7tXAQPgpkydDI4nxSUrXunS7ad0ge3cJKX4Pkup+p3 VQGu6TkHSHPxj4t+ldQ3+XU79PV/1xcsdU7Hvrex9TjXZW4Prsby1w+i9qSK t9SoeWv9B5GutZ7Ge39V/wCYmy8WjLx34+QzfVaNrmn/AF+ksvo3Vqes4esV 5dMC5nAa48Fv/AXf4J3+Cs/RrVovNh9OzS5umv50f+jFJA1oeuy0v//Q7X9o Y+PhGrYz0RtDmtM6OPuY137zVRzs3CyHsbXX6bHCXeDSD+f+9ur9mxUX48VN ta3dugglx3SBH0fo91DGrp3bTZ6jSQ97W6lsH3+7Rn0fYseWaUqia/NmJHT6 srLrMWt9xcQ1wLamOAcdNG7ax9J+1Cdday2tlpc99W3e4mQS79I6vTbu9Nx9 ysh9brC8VwSHlu6Cf3i2vlChocGgDe5p9z/osaG77Lv5NdabQvTc7dliJ8B4 dkNIZZvbUNJ3E/zvPt2OVfH0yK2WEQZNe7UbgCWbv3t21WWYxyW7mA2OaNtQ doSwDe4s/lqGy3EfoA5+wPc0ge1rj7Ofz3NRHS/lHdSzDtaGiTzpMe1o9v8A a9RNdYxtzWUOBrFbXhzhBc4tmxuw/wApyk6TVvjbRbYWgyAC5o3v9P8AlIjK mPp31uFgrsLnO+jyP0ftAd7/AN9SRIqvqCUU1G3lt3qH+aqa7fa7Uvk8bTu/ SWfR+kji112PtO7e8FpbOgE7tzuPoobxuoe6wlzaQBWwAQCD+cB/mqYc71Ht tG2GiWAgBum6D+b/AFk0z2181MW141+PdveAwgRJ1LgWsBdWf3v+guW6n0m5 tjfRYXC2dhAgHXlp/dXUOrbWQZhzRva0+4ndp7BGz+2lc2xhG8Fwdua5+plz vcxjXO+iiM3ABQ1/NdfR4jIwc7H3NyKHsDTBc4RH9ZVC14cD5RC7hlTnm193 6RrwdzXcac/22rCyOiuxbHb9WPduoOhIaR/Nu/4tys4uaEtDoeniinGc2OOf BDE7o81byGW+r6dVReQ7buaCZPO3QKOP0vqeW4mih7g3k6AAfve6FOJitSB9 UaNdxh/j4J26kknvwtDqPQsrAxasy2xllVztjQwGQYl3qSsyY+9OjISFjUKZ uBOqs4HT7czJFFRb6r9W7jAAb7nOdyqrXawNXLqPq1g+liW5tzSXZJFdA4Pp V6vt/wCuv+j/AFFHmye3Ay+xVMK/qttE5GSIADnitpJA/rP/AK37i18TonTM K0+nS7IsaQWveRoI95H5n/RVhu+6p2m540e46HaCCNPzkaqrHNrG7g4EOAD9 GtJBNlztvuu2s/maP9IqHu5JmpSoS+kVNawuEAsIGprae7uPb/I2fnogyKy1 zrGPe8VD0XNgsmdm6xn57lLd6r2XucwvqA3VuOu3/qfU/wCDVVhcZmIY8HWJ En6LP5P8lR+mJ81NkgNkPgWs02kgjcAP+n7/AM389V3bbLK2bjvE1gtbMu/q t+l7VFzCbm5T2kVOsLySdJ8Hfus1TZNRoebt20scWDbMGfd/V9/5lqBHglpd TZZXhCww4j2WNbro0AObZ+a3b9Nc7YD6znalpMNnThdLcPUrdXuit5cSImJ9 uo+Sy8zBIorLHBwa97u8xDWt2j/O3Kzy2SMdNrWnX6OX6bnFsEAPMnXiP3k9 dQkydzXAhru4cNf+koPboZ7mFES0hrYEq+EaMOHBx55DSmLiTP3qR90nmFED Qzx2CKlCJjx5PkVBzYBA0knXuB/5knbp7v3UnETJ1JRQwA8eeEzux8CnPtI8 HHlSDd2p7/3pKYRBTEa/ind4hNE9teEUrQZk99VGPyqZA7Jj2SUjiYSiNfvU vBPs0Md+6SmEcz8E0RqpwOEtumqSkZHJ8UtRpyFLxTASZPxSUsR4JgJgFS7x 2SIEyElMCR34TET2UyIgdk0T+RJTGDPCYhSA7lLakphEpASnIEJcoqVCSfRN MDwQUuCWukf6gqyS0Vs2/AN7qtGk8SpVP2u144nwSUnGnmm4iVEOkbjoO396 QId5JKZyIT8whg/JTBCSmxh5mRhZLMnGdstZprq1zT9Kuxv59b13PTOq4nWK NzHenkVgepW4+5p7bv8ASVf6LI/7cXn8d+6JTfdjWsvoearq/oPbz/V/lN/k IooP/9HcfXNDa62nd7iHEge3T3Pd7Wt5+lYmaA9rAwNaNA9o0bDdNzP5P9ZF orsyHwwEVzLgfoxz3+nx7U7QG7nN2+0H9JzuH7vt/fr9vuWLwg9NNmRkLWV4 jGFsWh7i2x3ZrtDH7/8AIUHMsDfRYWl4aS5jxLiG+9zWs/P/ANJZ+Z/Npm+p dNTazvxi55aIJBcGvrc0/wAhv02IVrH0u9awz6jX1WkOmGn6Ta/3t233pwPD GNjSuG0L0MLLhssJsuds1E2AEbnu3fQpqr/P2JsnFda8vp2OxqwGV2tGthDd 3s/N/wA5W2V12t3XWFz7K9rqwIDgR+ia92n0K/53/SJw2wO+zNcIYSyhrdWg v8XfQbt+mkRoY7g7C9f8JTnhlTcZ/wCiBrOzQknvLve8/wDUtSB97HVub6VO 5xYRtZpG7/t3arVWI6utwIaMcSxzrTy4j6Zj3+z6TVXJa59pc41sYRWNsBzm gQ5zJmv3v+goz7o1BFbCPyp0Qb8d1jQ9r2VkOeQRpJHtrbX/AC37f+totGPR c22sv9N1R/SWwXlzX/msEfTssPsUrMbMq9NsWudU0TY4tiXD3e9v03uZ+bWi tbS0sMECJGx0BxA2tFe/32P937qeCRKpAaXvoEFqvrFdNlpb7aiGObYQXfvN 3bPo72qJyLLWgWy6qvh37g49jD+jZztVnHa5ugDHB7S8n85zSdzHM+l72/yv poVFePZU6pu4j2kRGsO9zHuP57mf9NNMDp6qv7FL+nRT7qntsD92x3A27fc0 u+i7+qszr1pOJi1u1dQHkHglrtrmiFr2Weu+HVbWCwgTqBA26x/JWR1lrnY3 q6fTLAR3MfST4UMo4TodEx1bFYGJiMc1ntgC0t15bvd9H3e537qet9YYDVWB aW7TpqA7X2j2ta9jXI1F7RV6GPT/ADtYqc6ezSHS530dzv8Ag1b+xV+o7K9N raWhz6gPzQ1v7v8Awf0XJgx8WoOt62o7tDrHT7eo432a33vsAbQdGjeNGvdu /wCkvPszGtxMiyi6A+txY+DIJb9La785eoBlr8d1ux3tJLLHQCTO72snduXN 5mIwfWBgENbaW3Vl2olzCWn/AD2q1izmO4JBBP8AioADndE+q9thrys+KqnO BbjH6b2n3O9T/R7/AM2v6a7E4zKnFjQ6vHrlldWkGPoDcZ9N+0/mqvkubtIr J9Iu9tZ1duLNf7H9ZSqOx5osJLTtcLgdxeQIdsb/AOB+5Vc+XLkNkDwH7qaD N4o9Ju1n6Soy5xJ+i7a2P5LN7UF5rY/0cp3ptMh7WQXgGS30vzXfm+9Rfsc+ Ka3uIBa1tkjWCWg/nIWFszKqLKgfTsfLzoLGke302z+d9L2ptSsGtgIoZgvd Tt2/zepAHLnmN279521MDWHEmC4OJ1+iQTowx+cpRVjWGpxL2h4IaDAc1odt 9Xbu9zXP/MTNvP2gsrG57KdzWEfnEbdkH+09H2zuen8gpOHGp7Lq2fTMVtJ3 GCP8JP8A25tVKwOJ9JxaWtLmtPIO737T/Jb+YtrA6PiDGspzr9mS9w3XBw9p ILmY9e38/Z7r3oDsPBOMy2t7TRvFVl9pcLPVe70/ZXDdtP7j/wDDVqb2JkA2 B9eqnCsYWVsgCA3cZEnTv+an+yPvFYEeoW7mh52w17o/Sx9Hbt/zFZFLvUvx wZ1LKC4bdxDh72A/uV/pEX7Cw5NzHWEAD0XPPcAc1V/vvamCBBuXdDxuYwV3 OjhxmI/19qq8c6nzW/8AWDGYy1rw3Y7btNclxb/o5f8AyvcsQM9smdx4+Xda GCVwifotO6KQJJ4HPxKjJJ407IgZ7C6JG4E/BIgCDJlwn71KpGWGJ5/2qG0i A7jWUQgg6DlKCYAko2pHtn5HlOdOI0Uw2HT2/LCbb7iPlKKkW3ueOVEclGc0 6gcDRKusa/ikpASYHjxCfZI8x2U9g18jonc2AHDQHlJSGJH4JH2x5lFLCDB5 5S2As/lDskpD4zoly3TUjn5qYaRoR2j+5IDc0n86eR5JKYRJTO+l8tAibdrh 24KRbLp766JKQunRNt4RJHbsn2SJ5RUi2mPyJ4A+PdSdW4DXgpACR30SUxaP JRIIRNusAHTVM4Qde6SkW0wkRCmRxPDuD4pFpg9jpEpKRkaSUu/wUoKb84eS Slkx5HgpEa6eKfaSBrx4JKU1+gZ48FSIIgfcoESBCdhJI3dtAkpnPyKQOqiN dew0TzOk+KSkgcpTwhcaKTSkp//S6NmRYLyxjd4dtLiPEe1n0f7PvQ3O9Ov0 Q4hvcjTQn9J/nOUHucHhkH1Kg6vdXpx7w93721yr35eTYz9LMvJJdES6Pb9F Y0jWhJsMjbqvdveR9KYL4iN4LD/a2Jq2aVvO0h4BDHAS10H6G72/m7lRAvY5 rrST6h9hHgB9IozXBzdjXteKzDg0wRppvef+oTIGR0PTbzU3MZxaPVrJO3Wx zjJJJ26z9FEY5lrAxljt+5xDA7ZtIHt3/wAv/vipue6twaDtZePogEH2/wCE J/ds+ilUWyA6DJ2jsCRwzd+c/wDlJwJiQhPk2TjOudPrVkOI1ALR/OHY76Fr GuUMS3HeyikND7Wsste5vtaWF0s2/S97GfTUcm2z7MHb2PeC5tjXODjoYixv 5zfZ7rFnMfbTU1tRkhwsq2fS1Gx2x38qtOujtdqdQlrSa2FzzW3bXG4nZ21/ Nq2/y/0yRZWaKwwHfkuhge2GgMMWs0AVMXteWCw7amaNY4e15JcA10lSsx7r q/tDbCKGO3XkHa0T9FrSN37v5iVEyNDi0V0SYt1brPs7HbS7cwWuG3aZ/RHd /gtu3ZsUsm2nd6lhDKqgDV+5r9J4az6e+79E9QNTX4zaxVNnpPAZWSSf3ch/ /D0fy37LUFtLsjGHqvLqy304IAmT/IR2AHfXyUzL6zjGdrHXHc5oJdsYPpuD Gezf7lV+sNr6+n4vTsdzA136V403AnUMK0nVuqbsfY2oVuLwG+4lhIaG7PZ+ ks2f4Rc31BhynPyPTspFpJY55adfgxrWUs/cbvTwTA2B/FdCupb+O1zsGmys 7g4M37dSD9D0i2d/qK4cyk0uryQX1Wdwe8u2tYyv+U5cxhdTyMJwfjkiCC5v iR9Gz+S9bHT+o4Za/IkOOPucaHD3OLmexzWt/ceiYEUYjf7EHd122ZOQ4+iH 7xtrLKgC5r2hr3VPr/d3e9jlznXsh1XVq3mxoyKwwXvA0bZJ9Rzmj/R7v0jG KxX1b7FZXdjWAZfpNa/IB+mIJtrez6Pq+72O3LAysumxtsMgul7X8lzp+jYX fRTo4yZCwfFAkAHteo2YzPs1OPvOLkWfZbcoNBdYGtOR6tTI/fb9NVb8ew42 M4WV4tNc0sY95DnuBDrrD/Uj89ccOp5obWRdYBUC2mXGWzo709fYonMtsd6r tbIhrok6n3Frj9FSHl7pFjxd7I67fVTYxrW+57q/UOpnj1OVQxepupbZite/ 7PYS4QYcA4+9rf3t8LPLnkaE6/Sjy0LUP6PBiBofgnRwUKJtbb0LuvYrb33M aTbWWDGAADQ6Jtfb+a2rf/g2oI64G2OfW0BtmtgAk7tuz2uf/JWJvG+ZGupI PJU9xBaPHVH2IjSlcRdvI+tWVkVY9TKxUcd5s0IIeDOrtNzX/pLNyEzqjHsA se8zY0kAy0BrSxrg36O5izGlpGneUejAyrGnZTY521r2bWOdpJD9waPb+a9G WONaq4nQr6xfkCussc94L21vYSbGQGt9Tj8+1u/Z+4oXX9aOQ9hDhbcdoYB7 gG+722f9XuWj9X+hZ7H35X2e6q2vHIoe5rhBtO28sBbu9avH3sq/41bt3QbA 9xZjO3OsY9zGMkCtogVV/mtY/c+y1RzAj8seK/BV31cI4+Zl4rHZBIZfVDt1 YL3bD7a8eHba2MtbvfdZ/NrFvwdjQWu9Rhgh0cjUO2/vM3fRcvQv2JcZqbjP bTs2uHb9IXXWMr3Hf9N36Sx/01UyPq9dksdWzDeC2WtJI0cB39w31pt5BICM JUT2SRo+chnpyBx28ZH/AJimsBPDYgAABbGf9Xes4WT6N2KRvl7fc1wjx+kq v7KzrHE118+4kkaBWwCa0Y+IDq5grMQdY0KcVgVw3g8+K029G6i6QK2yO24a Hupt6B1KSXBg8fcE7gl2V7ke7kMYAyD3Oh+CRZBBBjVa3/N7qLgXRXI4G/8A 2Jh9XepRDjVH9fj8EeCXZHuQ/eDlPALJjmSPkoBrgGxqTr8vNbJ+rvUjENZA EfT7/cm/5vdQ2mGt/wA/skIy7FPuR/eDj+lrB4iY+HCkGDaGO79lqfsLqPLq wY4AcCfxQx0TqRcHOqkj+UEuGXZXuR/eDlkb7hPDufgExad7mkSI/Fajuj9Q b7vQO4a8ifyoZ6Xnz/MOJ08NfxS4Zdlcce7Qe33kjwiB5Jn17eO+k/kVw9Nz w6PReOw/1lRfgZbQCabA1vct080qPZPEO7UNft3HxEjw8VANc7RsDXkq6/Cy zr6NjS0T9HQhC+zZHtLKnQTqNpPHmhRTY7tcsY7g+4a+EhIN27m8iJB8EZ+P dG703u2ujRpKXp3OBHpu3cTBS1VaLaNoJ76BQtbAAAifoo/o3HaHVu08GkqT qbTH6N88iGk+Xglqqw1zWGtc7w7/AIKOwwQ7TiD2jxVk4tprLPSeQTJhp5mY T/ZsnbHov/zTofuRoqsd2oWuIhurZ/FJ7S1rZ5HKuOw8wiRRYB2lpGqicLKe BNNhnvtKVHsriHdoloI/15lSrZBJ5AEwrTsDLLQPQs519pjXRSPT8yCPQsju dpSo9lcQ7houYDGvCR0ExzoVadg5e4D0LNsifaU4wcsTNT9ZnQwlr2VxDu0y 0AD+SomTp4K67AzCY9F5MaCOyi7p+bp+rvA/qpaq4h3DUbDWlJnnyrv7Oy53 OoeA4Rq2BP5qh+y84zFL2t53EQD+KVFXEO4awjnxTgg8FWP2V1Nun2Z/lxz4 colXSc8gONREH3NJAMfvN19yNFXEO4f/0+hr6x0Wseh9mtdWAYdvlwO0seN5 /NcxTdm/V9rWThWjc0BrS+Pb/ne1YYwb7bGCkOohxcyx2p1/Osb+4xWH0Wsa 7XeHOnf3J5guP/SWZLmTQAxx+oSInu6NV3TnvGPk4TwKA+x82ENaSfdP7tbV N2d9W3uE9Pe4M4IOg3e72+5Zzy21m1zWllxJfW2RLh7GutiN/p/uP9ilRXfd e2QLGV1uBoAjRo/nQ5sO9Vn0ko81CwOCJ6fKrhPd0P2h9WrbGengOutI2sAd Lv6v01J3V/q+HDdgOBrO0hxjaR+ZBcs+zBxrBWPT9IUEvsZqxthPG/8Ac2f8 Gnvxqs5xfmx7g07I2EBo+gP+Ba3/AD1L95x/uRryRwyrdtHM+rVjIb0veHkt DZ0Onv0a5PZk/Vtzxt6dvmA14edo/d/O/NVQ147WtdUz0amt2jZ+ceXfR/N/ kIdbKq63UEDeWWNcH8w7/pV7VGeZ/dhEDy7p4e5b1mX0OwVNOES7VjJJ0YJI bW2f81Cs6j0TGxXtrxH0h+1rwH6Az4Tt/qKNOC697QX+hVS3d6TT7nBjQzdv Hv8A5aAzBw8gWPtd63qkbhZ7WtDNfSaxvucj75q6j2ulcLpV9V6JW1jBiWsr dPohrtSyPda6CnqzejP3gY1odukEP0bOvtfO2t7vz9qzsfFpsc6qoObuEl3O 387c4fmtd/IRK8YCn02MbXFZM7oGoj3bv3v3k08zoP1cT9FV4tg2fVx1tQGP fN2304eZOv03rM6rgdOYGnHrvrruJcS2wPadrolkT+cjVFjGuJBa0bQ4uOrp 5edsO2/8H+4nZjbtKxvqcYeB7XWPgv8AUs/k1/zmxO9+O5hEfxRwkg6lw8mr DsyjbeXV3WWB1m0ta0Bw3SGMbtb7U27pZFTLXucat3pNdEbXae/a1v8AXRup 9KfWx9jayDbwCDukw1jQf5LfprJt6dkBjWbC+0bjYGg6SQ1jBu9z7HKfHngQ LjHelhhK/mLYGN0prNlhsNDXDh+gkQ6138pCdj9CNTjXXYYBNYNh9236Wip5 uNk0/o3Ah+O4tsa2CA6Pc07Sf5tAZU8AWiC0Etd5E6/9JqnExWwW8Mv3i61O J0G2sPNe/wBu5w3u0P7sSjej9W2NB+zhzfzfc7WeNNyxmYtg3ke1u10knhse 5zv6qc4r66MeDtfeHPDo0A3bGbZ/O9qXugUKCjA/vF1mO6Mxw/VqjS4APbqd ruQ7n3NRG3dFDXbcegPAIkMH9krHsw7arGOiC8EAcabixhP9ZyIMMOb6lLD6 jbfSL/zS4fTc+foNa/2Je8Bror2iepdFvU8EM/otM+IY3kKNPU8VtjWtpYQ7 80NH0vzQNEF3S7QYYze4vDS8cS6Njv8Ai3uWrj/V3JxsgZBeKXVNc2hpGpM+ pkXw+dr9/t/SN/qKOXM0L7JGIeLEi7FDbLiyl17nNbUQH2yAXOc2tv0K2N/P tV3o/X859TsXEe+mwEWRtB5/MfZG1z3fuKT+nWOcXFpeSWue9/0ST+kJY32/ pv8AhFbw+luY6w75AAdZtOrmuMb2/wAhrvaq/wB4nLUjp0XDGBszx/rF1h4I tu9PbIboHFwAlzv7Lfzk1fXuqPorssyHzYwvFQADg0u9ObNP7SfIxcOu599I 3F7NQdQ0gfQZH730nIzcXFfg3MJANYbbYQCSap97f3ne707UPenfDxLuBa3q Oc2qucyzcWB9kctB+j+b9K1v5qq1tz322OfbZXvaCK3bpd/IY72t/O3q1Wxu Sdwq9U2scG1tO0vdEjX81SZZmfYqccvFdVJAZWWy72Ag+q+zc5+2/wDnNv8A g0Rkkb4paDZXCHPzarHUu2PNrWOdXW8n3EMh1v0v3/oVrl7r82mw1kzMwW6j T83+VsXXCv2b/TD36i2tohjHg+2xtbf8G9Z2diWXA31NrsvDRsdHtiPedo9r P30MeaUZHUm0SiD0edrzcpjQWknf7tx11BUz1TLJHu0A+/4rSv6YWVOssrME aFsFrS4fzrRP0VUd0hxwKL6nNe82WDJb9E7SWipzAf8ARM91jFYjmOxJCwwj 2ax6rlBvqA7u5k9uNFBvVswOdPDvyKduH6bGsA3P4DY5DyqrmQ3eCCwzB7e3 RzVIMl7FHBHsGy7reUQe0flTN63lNkjUfhr+cFXtoNRYxw9wrabD4vf+kLW/ 8VW6tiDpp4fveH9ZO4z3V7cezot69kk6skdiNPwTjr2S0y5p8xHZBx+nH1Kn 5LYrNZvaJ920e5m5v5rbf3f3FDGdY69l7xqHiw8EFzT6m3X2oe6e6Djj2bbu vua4ucwmNYhSZ1mx7m7a/daQ1gidfNBHTjY6+we2uv1bCYkES30am/132bVb 6f0q3HtwMrKAa19hJbw0FrXDbv8A5Nmz1f8ARpv3j+tqE+1Hsyx+pW5Jc2it rrAYbVADnnlzKW/4V7Wj6H01X/b1bdNsa+HirGN03JxHuqewtvxcqlz3tEkG tzC+xn/Xfpf8CrHVOm42Hfc7Hb6mb1EvyGPc39Fj1WvdvDP37rH/AKPf/gU7 3jrqgYYuU/qxMMraAJ97SNJjj+SxM/q+9hDGemT9Jnn/ACSj0dHnLwvVY5mL eR64b9JoM/RJ+jZ+YqlfTcq2u97a5ZiketYYG0ud6dbP5Tn/AJjGpDLexT7c WQ6iXBrWNgwdJ8fzv85TPVRXurfXJb7HEGdQdf8AOVJjHbj6eridjWjnnQD+ 0lZRZbs2iHWAA/1yfT939Z6PGVcEW63rVTR9AlvbsnZ1phJLWEmZBkws6/EL bXUtcLWsLh6jPokN9um78xrknY5rZU4EH1Gu3Ry1zTtcj7h7q9uLoHrNclrQ Z1J17T3TO6ufzWHXT5nus7bsDZ0MEz5z4qbBuBDfzRJJ8EPcPdHtx7Nuzq9z jtIkOkEeEpHqdu/cGQNCW+Ed/wC0qO0AkaHUe5Pa7edfojUnxjxS45d08Eez bHUny8xG4E/MIjOuzWA1vuaAHeeizydsg8Tp8Sp0sZY4VkQBLiR2A+mlxyGt qMIt9nWGPP0GgEaDxQX9RdZIawe4QT5KtaAwMDRGmhnjU7dVGp0wWgcgP8G9 uUvcJF3Shjj2bLuoWNdviHEGI8P3P7KTM+z0dsaCANdfmglhBIcBprHmCp42 M3IdZDtoYN2vJf8ARrq2/wAv95AzI1JTwx7Ksy7nsLHNDmvA0JmIUPtlpdtI BFZ0d3MfRCequaLbNu3bAM8gkwU7MZjnBjYDnV72H+VztQ9y0iIZ/bLztcRt A1GndR9e4tmZDtPgZRcfGNu+vf7X7JHhtJsdz/I3oNhLtWjaw+5re8TG5HjO 1o4BvT//1NT7W92SQXRWWBzSP3T9EbUNz30sNm7cwDc4NMz/ACWD/X9xAL7X 3SyCWjjnbPYFWBjsY5rLb/c9wBtb727R+487fduWLRkb6DuvSuBxLaHOcX+q NPcDtfo6HKLfXBfawQ8vkN/cB/MO76arsqr9K5g9we6RaZ3CJ9jf/IqbAWMm yCHN4gggztPu/Ns2pprbvr5FTZry3PbbXZdtrDG7nOneddG0sbua5J1llT7A S4ZDBDy/tW8fo/b+b7HIIqY4mqywMbo5rdu55AI2U1bfd397nIdlZtfZbuG5 5c6dd3G1zDu/k+1LiqNkbbKdEvw3UESPtNcuMCJYS3Z6mz27m/yFV9O8j1n1 eq1rpFvZ2w/zJb+8xM/6TtrRUCAwxECNdzn/ALyLe5xbU9zn2veQCLDABkCx 3tj6TWomd+FKbbLWj03CsPFnqPhrjvDXDa+u57f8G239HWqd19QcwbPRsiDT SwwGE+31G7nbv+rQ8DNuqL31NBY7bvcBrALtrf7P7qsudLLBYRj7WAhtepdD uGP/AJDPpf11JKXEBVVWoIUBTQZkv+2iv8+t211MfSaR9GGu3O9RXc5wrje7 ZGrmg7n7QW7a3x+7t2IDMfHbvyAxwNjPT0JD5J3Ndbe33el++ytQDgyG/QFm gexoaza36H6P3Oe31GqMCNDhOm9KbNL6q3n0mOt9TaWu5aBJf6Z3e1793/UK d11Tq/TY5zfUBiyBta6Q4h3+E9Zrm/1EGx1oAtc4+nY7ZDjL3Nbt3u42N97k 9jqGMtAfuuaAaxBJcC72mz/R+k0IgkaGtuvpUpoG0Y5eb4nV5EtPuf7f6303 oWPVRW+bHEsu2kn87c38zc4pNx3ttJcwvc1zWOYeSWN/SS1v5qaywPe152nY 0lrSNN5Pt/s7EwTI1P0tTRyuiZlVN7HBrG2t249LBAZSHbnPss/wltsu9SxU LcEnD9Osj3tZWNPz/c623+zuXQ22VXCoMLg7hzfIa7GuJ93tVZv2dwa8DbVU +HknUOH0ZhOlzBvTwKDENJnS8YB9V7S+p7AwV6y4z6nb81Wm4F1lmrWura0D 0XabHtA9Lb+7U5rkfGtr9Vz2tLiCIcdIB0b/AJzvpK5VYdrGvmy6zeSGHUiN uPV/Kfu32vR9wy2lrRKqaWF0rAuzPXvpeSx7W41/5myph2l1bvpPZkfpWe3/ AAianpLGOfSxpezaN1jzAdIddaP5Vj3/AOF/0q0ciptdVZY5rLGVkitnuDCI 9pP+Eud+e9EvyKA77MwvIewFxIDeB7Nfc76SeZyAEZHar11VQQjEcQPotLjq 4+zcGHe11n/EsRn/AGc5zi1sUvEyBMjbuG539dDqrfkNLGPhjnDUnQDl797v 6uxNXfQcip9p3Nc0ta5p5J0Ztn6TdyYclRqtz8xT1SFx3U3WncywQ98Elg77 f5X5qlQYxH2MIbcN4/kkH217m/S+i3c7/PVe3NDbG49+8OdO4NiRt00/c3v2 +o9Rxr3+tG0+vW5206OYRz/0WOcxGEyDddNuyiNG2T6llj2xHpgtawfScxu2 6yjd7vb/AN8UmHc9hL2uaa4a4CWuD2/zXbdu3JqLHtux3SHMxnMNlg/0dpc9 r5b+axrtn8hWb3VYGKQJvY17nENI9wc71G7I+jbVR+kq2/8AFfnqaECRe2vX +CGq5rv0sOAdUDbWWAGI0t9ntd/aSue7IxbHMgXWAXsd9EBzIpsaP33ei79P /UUb4rYxlBFoDrBvkB1jrC33u2/RYyr2NRaDi5FTWWuL6yCyqJlh3NDHO/dc zd/brTogXw3YI17Ic2h7nvgOaH7T6oM+6vyA/wBDZ70S/HqqqeLN5sqYwVNB 3fS5x7Qz+Xu2PT3fonV0OeAWkmtwERAc1zXfnfnP9ipfaXMHpucWB9ddbr4l xG7bv1/0daaPSKrVLJgspAa4MeSPoaGGOnfS/wDqv/Sf8Gqm8MHqPDQI2kO1 En6LoRWljWWNNgdYfokTBgltu0/8L+YgWVV7NjxLtXOkxp+Y3/yKFEfRCXHq a9+95JDm2VAMPuALR7t/8pyDZ0nFcWBjPUxmkMbTOhj/AAU/nMss91n76hTa 2nJLNC4t2taTo0D3Onb+crorvc5jHNl1jnODXAhhaA1tO0j3fpW+p/xafG+H TTujRpZPQs3JFhyywmtj33vGkOc9myprB+bX9FDxehVhza8kbar3EXPA1GLX 77GNj/CZTv0f/ErdZ1TJfjMe+CyC21kAl4do57nD6bm7GqTLbKWtcWH0WV73 Nc2ZZBm2v/g0ePYAmlU1D0NhYzJfuxr8l5rktDgfUcbrNjdd3oYtX2WpVP2G X479gILXzc0jXa4htVTf+Ffdu/sLZqyLrnMbeQTis9Smpuu9o/nPo/R9epym zMZY1zsgFhY6qxje7hPp17v+La1mz/riRyDSzSaa/wBhdg4tNLTuDWs9TSd2 0H1gf5Dt7vcg5FVbrBS3U6jbqdxJIt2j81+zb/xi1HYribjBfW8HaQdHEnYX +4/Q/P3qGG+rGd6tQ9a1o9Uufr7R9Otm36P/ABj1ESeIAmrVTSoeAx0xucGs bYSe36OP3t/+DeiZDsNtuTQACKnhjRG4bRHqVDb7/wCcQ7XVPxGPoms0S0g6 +15Li1jvz7Pf+e1Hrx7oqNTi30i4veBNjnvO1u1v+k9rf6ieJCpRBuuqq2a4 qa4Oq0FdVbw17ATL3+5s7vpub/57T9W6fRkUuupa3Ha5hyH1jRou2ekx/wDL 22N9v7m9SyJ2OGNuIx3tpsyHw2G2H9I5u36NjYb71YNzH1v9OuaX3l2OXyHF oa1np7P7KQnROu+yqcKn6uVY99Wxjj6hFuO1x90Mbw/97a/d+kQaei330kkt Li82UwdYYI9lf5tW7/SO3/4VdCy+1n0jD2Fwa4EHz9Nsf11YuqpbW37O5kVm TsOojbuHqe5r/a3bvT4zOptFPI4fQ3ZFbmZG3GL3OLIMl2z+jY0/4Ot7m/pb XfTt2MU6fqwxtLzdYBdtDn1uIHvJ/TOp1/wf0W710QdjVZFNTIsZe73uiW1k h1rXg/mWP/m/66ajBoqqYMlzLXsoLYghzocXUeq36Tn3O+lZ/o2IiUiNKVTx Q6Xa7JNDyWMDnbLtpgt/eH8rcNr1L9m2Mx7nwZe4MDSPzGDdvaf+GeuxpNL3 MxzLqh+lxg4j2OduL372j3f6PagmtgfaGNaBjvDW742FpGxvqvPtb++xCOYm I1HZXC8ozp1uOXuc0uDBFtbhGjhLnf8AWp9jlDI6Pk+oWs22V2w5tsw3a4bm tA/NXXOxi+t2Sxzi/J2tsa5gAe0uHtZ+dtb/AIVip9RoLGUtaxrTS0mto1lo Mt9sbtrEZZJxFga9LUIjq83i4l9nr0NbO/CcCRrpW5ltljP5dbVVx6g6vJyM cONQc2pjncw47vzfztjV2FdDHU12OcPXx3WusbAG7ex1ba6XM/N3OVS3Axaq TQ5noN9U21WMPtFrSwenb/Xp3p/vekFHDTjV4RtodiEBzgd1FnG2wj3Uv/4L Ia3/AK1k+n/pEHDwCfW936N1DtwIgh7CPa4H6Ll0WPiUtt9Zx2Ytry17nxB0 97Wx+8ruNXjj023bPUewNqe4SyT7G+t/x3/nxNGaUtK+1XC8w3FszHX2Vjb6 bnaeAa3c7j3Wbf5CPZgRZRtaaXuYx1zXDbL2A1P9PX+dc1vqbFevpNFloL62 urJI2CQ57u1f8r6fqImO3GzKqvtJm3HLrt7SILCwhj3Odu2uY79Hc3/riIyS 2IpFfVpU4RAyftVe1ohwJMbgDoB+/wDvKvRgtrtD7ZFlUBrfI/nf5rlrZb7r cfGFlrbBoGEdgBG15P0mqnaLKrTQ2JMMG0SCB9F39dMOTh+XqmkIwrPQDWN1 Jh7ydvscZ2uP7zk56c/JpazGEVWWAOvdo1wZ9P0m/T9Nn82xXK7W+o0OPq7Q JkE8jbuj+SrF12RtYyq5gYQQGMbG0T9EvTRlkbJodU15v//V1ahSyyt1rHem 4Or3NA0c0e23a38z89VbQdrexJ3xADdPpObLvc1q0RZSG2e55p26lujnud9G ljf33Ru/4KpULi1xLGkjZFfsgbWH/B/530ljzuhoNbZFNta+pgDdg1cYLgYB 5H5u17kRtThkQS41tfo13clsu/eQRRZt9YNhtn+CBklrOGu5dtf+eimfUdaX kOcdzpMkk7iW6e32pgj1UnFtbba3uaG7QWNcPawMG5znNn9J9JCaw1VBroPq E8c6H3b/AOT7/YmMuY6xkOAaIaJJJ8v5XuUjlV1F/rgOYGljq+C4O9u2Pzdq BonarUpoaX7LHtaxvuseR7mn6P6QD/wOv99NUy4VFwabC0+3Ul5cTLd23d7v zPapMcLLA0bA0PNjQ1+4/wDBy4D9I9qkHih9padrxIDnOJIIEuPpt2/pPd9K xNEY7X1tGrG64MsrOzbU0NbYwe0GRA3fvIl7fTsA9Rl9ZE12NO1pHDv5THbv ptQsg0Mo22Pr3bA5+pnxYXfuOf8AzexPU9vpn0m+1+zc4gbt0lzdn8n6W9qf KA/SP+F/YoFk2+pwFMy9hJsIB4/NYi3it7H2PGj9sVyN7o7M02Vuf/hNn80q XvqyHWscNg0B7vcT7X+n7XbERrQbj75FY9+2ZAA3u1cAz1XPd7k0Gttv0f7q mVljRYBa7c3TUGSATr6df0Gs/wAFX+//ADtir3WNBa6sua1rd3uEuLXEtb/Y 2ope0UFtjTAh72nSAI3zH8n+UgPoGW5pqcbhWfY/VjdDvc+x2m2mtvt9qFcW vXw/RU2XWua01gy2S5zmclriGlnqfuua3e9U67haRYD+hfVvqs4iXbTuH9dP U5+ITfAMOLW7pLSD++0fmen7Nn+kRG3N9AtFXp4zA5oYIMl/6Ta395u/3bP8 GgBQ9dn+qpdzXuE1tLvc0l24FzdezG/vKuz1rsllNVQLrrGtsBBraHPDmU1u /cfp62xNjYtl1bmvM1WgOsBGjQ13qOezh/ta3/PU68az1355D/VkPaZkhzf0 dYf+b6npu/SfuKSMYiyRsOitU1tuNXlvpa8FldhYx5IaSa4HqPd9Fvqwi+rX jsZVYXMdZNjLD7nmN0tr+jsoe8+m938iz/BoV1THsFjmMc6iSxuu0Fx2scxr tvqITjXlMxKsmt1eXjMI9VpAmTv9/wD1v8xNBBJlXBGjX7FN4g+mBWC+24e4 tIgwO9h9rGN/6aL0/GyLcm7Iqi8OraxwYRZsDOWteP0Xq2fme56purcBaS6s kthtNgLmgRpxH+D3qWNQ+zHrbZfYKAXFwqdsJEBtVJcz+a5/MT8IjQvr49FE pvQeantyarK7LW7odLTVUf551k+1uz+ZZ/24n313UPkbTjCtgaJBFe1uz0xp 7nQg5XrWY5Y6tx9EVitgJIeWn/DPedzvTd/npU2N9V9d15u+0w302fSDWj6J sj2t3e1HJV1qoJaMeq3KDcg7XWtad3DQHu3e4/S9yPRYxuORa9wsBdYwtAkE /SaX/S2N2p22WMe5z2V2Wsayxxa0loGxtLMcf8W7/t2xBtJfXe2yTXVZtJmC J9+5zWfSZtrR4a0jqaKultml2PZXbS17qiC2xtjjoWu0vPt+m9rvzUTeaqLf UIdPuZXu9ztA6vb/ACfzv5ao1OcbsewbXP2NdYToweo4enX7vpe36SO/Lodm kXViut4DKjW0uZuDy52xzz7Pb/hP5tGGsQdL20V1QZf6Om2prQKLNGknVpJF zxu+l/ITsv2mxr3Esaa9gOkmJr9R3t9jPo/1Ez/Uue6sBgLWm1tRkloc6fVd s/0bT6trP6ihmWsY8UVn1A1wZY9w1d6Q9vq0/wBZycCb7Db6obTahkmim6Gm +x5efzqqaWu9X6P+ls9Opn/biyNguLqGHR7TW2f3SR/mu/dVh+RaHW/pHOcS DbYYI3kH87+Uw/QUAKXVlzXmurQgkbtrw1vqtrj3PZvd/YRE4y4Rw7fbwqLC 8UV2ta2o6EtgkEOFZDfeGu+k96pue25r3Miamw8E6bSdtfp/y96M9jG2ek5o cA1ptOu4yA4sn95zveos2iq2qpobBl58TO1rGu/qtRkRdDshlRh17L7Xu2hp isE+5zzpZYxv+ipb77v3/wCbRsbIve+8NM+mwV1Eat2u3N9V37myuvbX/LQW +tBZY3bVG1pdptnTf+83buRxkVU2AYRj09wtytB62u3fD/o0M/z3pE+geShu 6FFtNdIwHMd6LWb3mB6jXviLqXf8H/L/AJ1CG6qx+Le4/oGuaGiR9P3vqH9b 89DLmMZQ11pLAC8EagAu3trk+57N/vYg/bTaxzCR+lcR7QNxPu3c/Rc72/8A Vphkep1r0jwU38ZlePVXax5e9tdjXPadrw5w/QWGfbtrd7NiKcamstfluAsq 2m8kzydG1/11nNzH0F72ub6AZtJdqDJ9/wCj/O27G+9Gx33NMfo8epjd7rn6 PcwQ5vpau/e9/wC+kCeECrrf+1OjqX5LHNouFvutLw+l7f5tjRLg79yv/R/1 1QynjFrZbDiH+oWjhrtvs4+luSrseHmyloc6SPVgnc0Sy1lk/wDB2ez+Wp03 DIbj15O57MVvptJH03NB9Nrv3vVft/62jYmQdugvv+96lNXHrsfRZeANrDW7 YRBdMMY1gH9b2Kxhs9eywbiyukOcLJ1aXANez/hPe7c9qgSGvcHvc0saH+mI dJI9n/XHu/dRKG+ljPZazbtaXMD4BL3EfTf/AKKr/wAETMYqW3U8XipK23Cb W3FZJoc47mvb/PEjbud/we1yqXN/aFTGs3tIYBU1jdxLfcNu0fnO2tcxBvAF A+l9oc1pEcMBd6NP0fz3+59iKx7WhrBY6mto9J4Dtu4tP85Z+4xzm+xO4hdS P0CkzhZXWGvbsr00bIeCfaTH7/u/TK5lOoax7mllLaXN2UQQC7Rj7LY/nfbu fsQ2ZddgrfZFbHM2eo33W7R/PWPsedtDHf4a/wD7aVXfj1lrsf8ASUkOLXQS CJcKfH6X/gicDULBu/tV1bDWYuHcxzGssc4AhsOgknfv/rs27mVoGZnZFlll djgGurYXub9KdXfT+k36SKcZ9WOa3MD6xsNpcS1+6PUrs3/mstt/7bQKacdt T8jPqLGF3qutrcWmS76Ox38617P+uJSjKhGJ4bCrUKhTiWXsLHV2+6sTJBYQ Dv8A3mb2bELGfRVgVtscH5F/qWuqMaO3Ofse135rfzGJZ7nV4dWN6bXltbah a3RhLQXfo9dmz87/AEipUuL7XOc31C9u615EkNn3CuPzf6iFVKvBDdpvvrrF rtz2kNra0+4ufadhdX+7Y/8AeULvs77y01+9lpYZdJ0btsr3z76tyH1G59F+ Q8Oa6tm22v0zIIcwemydPoM9qqtc1rmB0PsDWmx4GgB95aNP9In0duyrbeHs c/0WODagC5+4zDz+b+8ov2vrtqL3eoHN3mBu0+l9L3em1DgsdZbYdLCQ5g5a Ijadv+F3p7bjZQ1vvrcHEtL9dzdv0d0e3a9rvzkTp9D9qGOVSDa80ND64d7G SeNT/LbY3+UxU8i4VsqY1xILdwadIH0tn9Tci5TfsxYTo8uBc0R7XahrhB8l C1ptpD3H9KQdnHM+8H+t9JiOtqRDK/V3vd7nfRYe43fS/rf8YhPLA1vpPcHl jRbWdZj3Nc1357f5Ki6W1tYIhwIJ4JB+P7qg4sa9ttQ3hkANPct4c3Td9JSC uq1Nk2Wtppra4hxl3ugGSN2gT1mi1z677X0s2yLGN3gE88bdv8lCdYbHC6zS w/pLC7UyfY1v4pNIrsadktBmyokgO8v6yaY7baJZY77XHZqBAaDGuv8A3/ar eNTtqBLNwOheRpp9HuNu1U67YAE6D3uA1gn83/NarDsvddW+rftAAIcI1n6L U0wjdpsv/9a883VkOrc0vpgseQdpDjDCwH6e6EjW1joa8iu0bSDtBDj/ANQ5 6YPBx3Me7dBkMPIAPtH9pO97r202FsnQPboY/N1bp9JYQndA9mRcl2Ix+SS2 u1h21tAnWfox9L6KVtbWbGY7QGGtrmuAlx9T22ixx9+6v3tUA15yG2Oa1zhY 4BrTIdt1D9x9ruEeppsyK2MAaXFztNAQQdXHXY1P4wBQ11pSEF1bmbC4OAgA CRtP5/8AWU8QA5Fgse2uoAne/UhsS1rWfSusfH8hRuLGe1ry54J9wENAA9u1 n0v85RGNZaLLKm721sL7X6ueGmA33fvOTcUbkARfhaiittLrG2XNLbGu3Npm A1o0r3QrGOQ4FrxW0tLt1z5bG73au/lKo0Mde1zva726iYIPKO+4M+kQZJdA GjgD7HNcmnckXSmTKj6tTQ0EvixzXg7pja1lmz6X9n6CllACquqgNBPuqc0b fpe0V7SS7a3+sjuJDGGAzIrc3e5p0aQd7LW8+9zfps/0irljnsgDdY5znGyN xkdv3dvvTzVcPQ9PJCXGyW0Vhm0BtVbrMnIdqbCXNGLTTX/pN6i+u9pvLicl znEt5A2n6IO3896gH1urMexzpdXPugs/O/6KMzLsvrrr2zdU5xYDqPTA9w02 f8J/1tCruwIkaeMlNex7rJaa/wBGWBo2iWuAAe/b+/ue3YrQbXYBXtbU5wAM HducD6j99Z2+zZ/KT1mttL7mj1QHNIrbI/kNLPo/R/cSxmUvsJsYz9GC+twm XMG5vp7vzbGf+CowxyEvCWuqkfUQLwbA4uc0hmrY02gD2t9rWt2Ku+lljBdX qX6toAJaQTDvd/wbtv8Anpsyxxe9tNheyzbB1MiJdLf3mu9iT7/0rXPO42hr iCIDY/SPa3+ttYhOJvpopl6VtTK/TJDC1rHg6mHGJe3+TCKLiK8dzW+iGOD7 HbfcXMl3qn/S7v8Az2gesHbQ/QPfPtGgO32tc7853uUq9zAHusDm2BzG6S5r mB0ud/XRBAF7f98rVXp2mn1rt1jS8mkAghgI+h7v+0/quej4OC2ceD69b2Nd bu5Y587mu3f6NRxLmUV0PY8tcJ3wA8QdG1OD/pJ3313ZDK7X+nibnFpDoABM d/z2/R/qJACUTeuqkdlDbjU3G9S26x+1ukBzXDcHw36H0foK56WM52HjUEis mx1jRIcCAJbZuLdz9zH+1Z7mvFjmMJbS10Nc0Q0R7mj2/u7tqJXlCpocyGWs J9MvnVwO/wB8/m7064ixQ+uim5YWXNaw/pKSPVe5w+kHaMJ/dSD63vrYwMpr DXN3H27nFpPvcPzbPo1/yFR9YsLth2tBYCJkQT7trf8ARs+ipXWNNOyGEep6 jDqZJAr2b/3WpxnE7DRADduj7PZcxxLAWuAby11ZbWW21H/S0v8A5799VNtr PRy63McA58husNcT+iub++2fYis9B1f6H1LXPH6R7yBqR/N1sHt9Pck66iut rCALWtDXOaAS8N+ixn8pj/pWIGib00G99UsWVB+N6LGmy6ibZifUY8AOx/8A ofoP9HYxMboGE+CH1gsY5/umDuY6tv8A0FB3r+oH7AH1t0kRBjdP7yfHbdkF raD6eRivFlD3kBsu92xro/e/NREoyNbSA3HVAXc11zh6TXGy/wBRjRWDpJ9z Xfnfuqd+JRQK8v1GuFpfuqAIeHbfe17T/obGemiYucDZc9lW2y57juAILhLX va5v+C9Z7GtaoWtczGs9RjS/JPufJhoY3Ztpmdvv+nZ/hU8CIB1tTSFjmY4o cAZs3ut5Pt/nKh/X9vvUzi2WUm+xzaqyB6IcYG20v/SsYzduaxtPtb/hXq30 /Hqybh9rhlL2AtggbtS1z3MP5rGfT/0qP1Pp9+M+usfpq9lbd4+i1rAW1S3/ AAe1j3JsMR4DM6gDTw/vKtx32+mWurMW3ywu8GOHu3bfo7qx+kVrAPT6sPJd ksm+osZU9oJDQ4bvVZX7d1lf77lXfbXVYWt/SMZo+z6Lnnd7a9BtqqZH0GoN ltlVmS1jdr8lxrtHZrQQ5jW7voJsJ+rWq/xlEM7JNoZuL3WOcHSZdoC+Xn8/ +Wg4jqtwryGyCCS8aRaNzmbSPpt3N27UgLHTudNjmgBxIEun9N/0kNhf6rWM hz2jc92mhBduj/jN30k+ZGiE3rua+t5aYAJDDEbXifb+/wC73sU+lWsZY02O ZBrl5dH0Swiz+012xtX/AAipWZLX2gV/zGMwCx86OcfzWT/g2/m7E1F/7Ouo yy1uQwAMbXZOxzfz/bt3bnO939hKMPUL6D81F2sGltuO52NW6y42bcZxBc4N HuttbUN3t9T9DVu/4RHeeofbDk9QfLWNNbmwC4OMbX7R7PY5u30lVwHCs1WW 2XMwy80taxxaS1rXXFu5pa5jXvd7/wBxRwsiv7ZaD+hwbXbarNXsr2je9zv7 TksgkI+g69Yn9Id0jxbLMqptb8Rpc2t5YS4iJLC51Rb/AMY925+5Njtro3W5 LzW4Pa+1jAXyAZe3+v8A1VG1tetjHPDAwvBOjnD97b/on/4KtULcrMNY3M9W h291jpNeh9vutHu935m1ihIyHhFDT5r+WKtN29TlUNtynYzSTU8vsdMABxPp Use0/wA56f8AbRLHfaX/AGOhzbGiXNJ4AAnc9z/o+/6bll/ZrOmY+x2wMLHO EauAsgM0H57Wbv0j1fc9j8dzaayxxaXWlsgBuhpD/wCs3b7f31IRVkGwFebP HY0VG2y0em8uPqCQ4hk+5g+k2ve3ZVYq9l1extL2F73OY4Y7Rtc4M3e2y76e x2/e9WMpj3AEuFVzmiNhBLRO8AfyUscWVvJrZVbZXoz1nDaQAPV2f8I/f9BR REuMmqJ3tTUeQK3XVwWOb7a2wTIP802n3ezT+dtV3FJNQa321emHVgzqN2xv u+h7H/QVc49Qi+l1dNTa2tBc2f0jidmNtb+dsWpi1W41lz3M3UEMqY+saNc0 usffz76GXWN9FS4RpfQqO6W/GvrwbvtLXNDXNsdUYM7DtZ7f9G76W9Vcyp9e PULQ7IttabHbiQCQPdU8fm+huRMXJaMrJfku3V5AdVY5wmWbXenczX81wfuV bKyjNj6rHCzaLK2RJJMeq23cfbY3/wA9qYgHaz01Q0MZguwRjgyarSyyuT7g WiLWbvax1TnJ6dtLntdZDPT2ua1sOkFzHMDj+7/hUU0VMqqNcH7Q53qQSBtB +kzncyxvsWXm5DzbYQTtFhLdw1DQPY1zf5X0khEAf1u6GdtuQaary7dUSKaN zfzax7t/7213sTst9Oy4l3q0UQZdy8s+jo3b/hXWPVSyxj3tZO5m6Y1IAILo 2f10N26u5hc0EvaQxrhIM+31P8wIiq66qb2LmOdk123NFlhdurpb9EAjZvs/ qtcj9RyyXwxxNreNNGub7f6uxY1BLX61He8Ftby6Ng/eLPz/AO0rFFstLO4b taG+E/mH9x7vzUJADbVTN265zKmkzWJfDS4Sfoo1sXD0m+0jVoj3AA+/cfo+ 5UnvyeQ/aNw9k7eDB0SZZY5wrYwk2uaS2dT/AFULOgOylWstLfV2ktDmgc+4 uPtDP3krGNrdtaDbe4+3lsFx4a36StY7bGe8ngucx0DQu9jXt1/NRaHuFxrv BaWHV7TLXOH/AH5OOSIFm6G/dQDQscRRWXjUnc4cQ6falaLMWpzOMiza6on9 x7fV9RnPsdX+eruXhVhj2tsaWVtJdvO2WtG32/y3bkG3GuDmtu93o1igCZir 6VTN/wBHZ7k6E4yFgoqmmC4Ob6LQ9wkmwc7Y+i/81XMe0uZBBfMHbMQR+f8A 2UWzDNNLchle6u54D7CNA4a7XM/N9qm7HsqaDkAU2Bu9zWiCGE/o3O/ObvZ7 02VSGn6JXP8A/9k= --Boundary_(ID_ec9qxByejmT0wcufx4yjRQ)-- ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Tue, 21 Sep 1999 07:31:20 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Tue, 21 Sep 1999 10:31:10 -0400 (EDT) From: Sue Wartell (swartell-AT- cas.org, ext. 3387) Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: dance database for ECD To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU CC: swartell-AT- cas.org Message-ID: <9909211031.AA16374-AT- cas.org> Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT I've also got the DanceData program that Marjorie mentioned, and like it a lot. It does not contain any directions for dances (for many reasons, including copyright issues), but it's a very useful tool for finding where the directions or music for a dance may be found, and if you pay Alan his nominal fee, it's great for pulling together a program based on things for which you have full directions and (recorded) music. There are also annotation capabilities. The last time the idea of a computer index of English Country Dances came up, I sent a note to Alan Paterson, who wrote DanceData, asking if he might be willing to share the basic design of this database. My question to Alan: I know there are people in the English Country Dance community who have been wishing for software similar to this for tracking English dances. I haven't said anything about your efforts, but it seems that the basic data structure would work. I don't know how you might feel about sharing all your hard work... His response: ...regarding the ECD community. If there is ever anyone with the necessary computer knowledge in a position to duplicate this, or even be able to feed in the data, then I am willing to help. I don't currently have time for this, though I would LOVE to do it. However I'd be willing to put anyone interested who might have the time, interest, and expertise in contact with Alan. Do note that I originally raised this question with him back in March, 1998, so we would have to check and see if he was still willing to help. Sue Wartell Columbus OH ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Tue, 21 Sep 1999 07:45:57 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Tue, 21 Sep 1999 15:45:38 +0100 From: Hugh Stewart Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Country Dance Index To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <37E79A12.7A929A0D-AT- ugsolutions.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT References: <199909201716.KAA18644-AT- wolfenet.com> Bob Archer wrote: > > MARTHA C DAVEY wrote: > > > Wouldn't it be wonderful if a group effort be made to create a comma > > delimited database > > There is a book available called "What was that Dance?" which > lists the contents of a number of collections - I have a feeling it > contained over 3000 dances. I have the first edition and it has been > invaluable over the years. I believe there is a second edition out > now. > > An online version would be wonderful though, particularly if there > was an easy way for it to be updated. > > Bob > > ---------------------------------------------------------- > -- Bob Archer bob-AT- hottub.demon.co.uk There is an online version (well, Rhod had it on an FTP site and I snarfed a copy ages ago); I am working on trying to make a Web interface to it (along with the obvious hooks to let people add to the database). Nag me if I have not got it sorted out within a month. Hugh Stewart ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Wed, 22 Sep 1999 19:18:34 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Thu, 23 Sep 1999 03:14 +0100 From: graham-AT- gcknight.demon.co.uk Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT It is with great sadness and a heavy heart that I have to report the death of Margaret Whaley, from England, at about 1.30 a.m. BST on Thursday, 23rd September. She will be much missed by many in the dance community in Oxfordshire and also much further afield. May she rest in peace. Graham ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Thu, 23 Sep 1999 11:34:22 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Thu, 23 Sep 1999 11:41:42 -0700 From: Bob Archer Subject: Country dance traditions To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Message-ID: <199909231834.LAA28315-AT- wolfenet.com> Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Patricia Ruggiero wrote: > On 9/9/99, Bob Archer wrote: > > > I tried running one session called "What is an English Dance?" > where I attempted to show that the cross over in figures between > English / American and Scottish dance forms is so prevalent that it > can be difficult to say for certain what tradition a dance is from. > > Hello, Bob, > > I'm wondering if you would expound on this topic because it is one in which > I am very interested also. > > Specifically: > > 1) what is your hypothesis? > > 2) in what centuries are you working? > > 3) what traditions have you identified and how do you define them? > > 4) what primary sources are you using? what secondary sources? > > 5) what figures, combinations of figures, steps, and dances are you > examining? > > 6) are you analyzing the music in conjunction with the dance figures? From the nature of your questions I suspect I am dealing with this topic on a much more superficial level than you are. I'll give you as much background as I have. I started thinking about the issue when planning my programme for Pinewoods English / American week. I am used to calling at workshops and festivals in the UK where I am not usually called upon to do an entire weeks worth of purely English dances. With the exception of one evening dance, everything I did at E/A week was nominally an English dance. The particular traditions I was concerned with were English, American and Scottish - they're the ones I am most familiar with, and seemed to me to have large areas of overlap. Again, these categories can be further split - under the "English" headline we can list 17th / 18th century, traditional and ceilidh dances, under the "American" headline we could have contras, early American, New England squares, southern squares, western squares and (I'm sure) many more. There are dances which I think fall firmly into one category or another - I am not trying to claim that "Newcastle" is an American dance, or that "Shadrack's Delight" was one that Playford missed. What interested me was the grey area where dances and traditions overlap. I think part of this question comes from the fact that I was brought up dancing in the UK where it is common to do some English dances, some contras and some squares in the same evening which means that there maybe isn't the strict separation between traditions that there is in the US. My hypothesis was that it was impossible to pull out one single element that could be used to categorise a dance - it was a combination of elements. My aim in the workshop was to show this by doing dances to the "wrong" music, taking a dance and doing essentially the same figures but in a different formation and generally trying to confuse the issue. So many of the figures crop up in different dance traditions, possibly with minor variations. As well as the usual compliments of turns, stars, circles, reels (or heys :-) ) and casts, figures like contra corners, petronella, ocean waves and grand square cross over between traditions. I have to say that the workshop participants were not fooled by any of my tricks and saw through everything I tried. After I did each dance, I asked what type of dance they though it was. A common answer was "you just made that up", or in several cases "early American". The one dance which did raise some interesting points was "Ted's Triplet #15". Although we didn't have time to try it to different music, it's the sort of dance that could be done in a smooth, elegant 17th century style, or a smooth zesty contra style, or as a rant, or as a Scottish dance. Perhaps it's the ultimate "generic" dance. Let me try and get this discussion onto examples rather than my ramblings: The Short and the Tall by Ron Coxall. 4 couple longways This dance is written by an Englishman, I know it has appeared on at least one ball programme in the US. Its distinctive figure consist of two stars - one at the top of the set, one at the bottom - which change ends when one person each star leads the rest of their star into a single file line that goes past the other line, then curls round to reform the star. Something very similar to this appears in modern American square dancing - that might well have been where Ron got the inspiration for this dance. So is it English or American? The Magnificent Seven by Bob Archer (see www.hottub.demon.co.uk for the dance description) All of the moves in this dance appear regularly in English and American traditions - the formation doesn't appear in either. I know that Mike Richardson has called this for a group of contra dancers, who apparently enjoyed it until he mentioned that it was an English dance. When I call this dance in the UK, I always ask the band for 32 bar American reels. English or American? T.A.G. by Roger Whynot This has every American dance credential you could think of - written by an American caller of American dances using an old square dance figure, yet the dance is now popular on the English ceilidh scene with people who wouldn't go to an American contra dance if you paid them. I think my basic question is: English or American? with a follow up question of: Does it matter? Bob ---------------------------------------------------------- -- Bob Archer bob-AT- hottub.demon.co.uk ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Thu, 23 Sep 1999 20:16:01 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Thu, 23 Sep 1999 22:19:42 -0500 From: Gloria Krusemeyer Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Country dance traditions To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <008f01bf063b$a61cb6c0$a422a3d1-AT- gloria> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT From: Bob Archer I think my basic question is: English or American? with a follow up question of: Does it matter? Bob ---------------------------------------------------------- The dances called by Bob this summer caused me some serious problems. My feet are not of the best, and when dancing American (squares, contras) I wear heavy oxford shoes that give a lot of support. English is time for lighter "jazz" shoes so smooth steps are easy. Scottish Country Dancing usually finds me in ballet slippers, all the better to do the fancy foot-work. How does one rant in light-weight shoes? How does one move in that smooth forward-leaning ECD style while wearing clunkers? If I had my way, I would categorize dances by the footwear best suited. Gloria Krusemeyer Northfield, MN ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Fri, 24 Sep 1999 00:52:04 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Fri, 24 Sep 1999 08:52:39 +0100 From: Eldridge Keith Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: RE: Country dance traditions To: "'ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU'" Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Gloria < gloria-AT- microassist.com > wrote : >... > How does one rant in light-weight shoes? Quieter :-) Regards Elmo -- --Keith Elmo Eldridge --Manchester, England --elmo-AT- opsis.cix.co.uk Keith.Eldridge-AT- labsystems.com --I am, therefore I dance. I dance therefore I am. ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Fri, 24 Sep 1999 05:57:13 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Fri, 24 Sep 1999 08:55:59 -0400 From: Patricia Ruggiero Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: RE: Country dance traditions To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <000001bf068c$2636fff0$a998ffd0-AT- g9tfz.MITRE.org> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Bob, thanks for taking the time to write. We're going away for a long dance weekend, so it'll be a bit before I can respond more fully. Regards, Pat -----Original Message----- From: owner-ecd-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.Stanford.EDU [mailto:owner-ecd-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.Stanford.EDU]On Behalf Of Bob Archer Sent: Thursday, September 23, 1999 2:42 PM To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.Stanford.EDU Subject: Country dance traditions Patricia Ruggiero wrote: > On 9/9/99, Bob Archer wrote: > > > I tried running one session called "What is an English Dance?" > where I attempted to show that the cross over in figures between > English / American and Scottish dance forms is so prevalent that it > can be difficult to say for certain what tradition a dance is from. > > Hello, Bob, > > I'm wondering if you would expound on this topic because it is one in which > I am very interested also. > > Specifically: > > 1) what is your hypothesis? > > 2) in what centuries are you working? > > 3) what traditions have you identified and how do you define them? > > 4) what primary sources are you using? what secondary sources? > > 5) what figures, combinations of figures, steps, and dances are you > examining? > > 6) are you analyzing the music in conjunction with the dance figures? >From the nature of your questions I suspect I am dealing with this topic on a much more superficial level than you are. I'll give you as much background as I have. I started thinking about the issue when planning my programme for Pinewoods English / American week. I am used to calling at workshops and festivals in the UK where I am not usually called upon to do an entire weeks worth of purely English dances. With the exception of one evening dance, everything I did at E/A week was nominally an English dance. The particular traditions I was concerned with were English, American and Scottish - they're the ones I am most familiar with, and seemed to me to have large areas of overlap. Again, these categories can be further split - under the "English" headline we can list 17th / 18th century, traditional and ceilidh dances, under the "American" headline we could have contras, early American, New England squares, southern squares, western squares and (I'm sure) many more. There are dances which I think fall firmly into one category or another - I am not trying to claim that "Newcastle" is an American dance, or that "Shadrack's Delight" was one that Playford missed. What interested me was the grey area where dances and traditions overlap. I think part of this question comes from the fact that I was brought up dancing in the UK where it is common to do some English dances, some contras and some squares in the same evening which means that there maybe isn't the strict separation between traditions that there is in the US. My hypothesis was that it was impossible to pull out one single element that could be used to categorise a dance - it was a combination of elements. My aim in the workshop was to show this by doing dances to the "wrong" music, taking a dance and doing essentially the same figures but in a different formation and generally trying to confuse the issue. So many of the figures crop up in different dance traditions, possibly with minor variations. As well as the usual compliments of turns, stars, circles, reels (or heys :-) ) and casts, figures like contra corners, petronella, ocean waves and grand square cross over between traditions. I have to say that the workshop participants were not fooled by any of my tricks and saw through everything I tried. After I did each dance, I asked what type of dance they though it was. A common answer was "you just made that up", or in several cases "early American". The one dance which did raise some interesting points was "Ted's Triplet #15". Although we didn't have time to try it to different music, it's the sort of dance that could be done in a smooth, elegant 17th century style, or a smooth zesty contra style, or as a rant, or as a Scottish dance. Perhaps it's the ultimate "generic" dance. Let me try and get this discussion onto examples rather than my ramblings: The Short and the Tall by Ron Coxall. 4 couple longways This dance is written by an Englishman, I know it has appeared on at least one ball programme in the US. Its distinctive figure consist of two stars - one at the top of the set, one at the bottom - which change ends when one person each star leads the rest of their star into a single file line that goes past the other line, then curls round to reform the star. Something very similar to this appears in modern American square dancing - that might well have been where Ron got the inspiration for this dance. So is it English or American? The Magnificent Seven by Bob Archer (see www.hottub.demon.co.uk for the dance description) All of the moves in this dance appear regularly in English and American traditions - the formation doesn't appear in either. I know that Mike Richardson has called this for a group of contra dancers, who apparently enjoyed it until he mentioned that it was an English dance. When I call this dance in the UK, I always ask the band for 32 bar American reels. English or American? T.A.G. by Roger Whynot This has every American dance credential you could think of - written by an American caller of American dances using an old square dance figure, yet the dance is now popular on the English ceilidh scene with people who wouldn't go to an American contra dance if you paid them. I think my basic question is: English or American? with a follow up question of: Does it matter? Bob ---------------------------------------------------------- -- Bob Archer bob-AT- hottub.demon.co.uk ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Fri, 24 Sep 1999 13:52:35 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Fri, 24 Sep 1999 23:52:39 +0200 From: Martin Kiff Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: ECD Digest V1 #594 To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT References: <009DE9E2.E43C248C.1-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu> In message <009DE9E2.E43C248C.1-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu>, system-AT- SSRL 04.SLAC.Stanford.EDU writes >T.A.G. by Roger Whynot > >This has every American dance credential you could think of - >written by an American caller of American dances using an old >square dance figure, yet the dance is now popular on the English >ceilidh scene with people who wouldn't go to an American contra >dance if you paid them. I don't know how it started out in the eCeilidh scene - but I first met it in a festival in Felixstowe and it was done to real hall-rocker of a tune - 'Thrash Polka' by Earthworks. Quite often it's the tune/dance combination which pushes a dance forward over here. The question is whether the dance then maintains its popularity - it is still done, but not as commonly (as far as I can tell :-) -- Regards, Martin Kiff mgk-AT- webfeet.co.uk ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Fri, 24 Sep 1999 14:17:33 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sat, 25 Sep 1999 00:15:22 +0200 From: Martin Kiff Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: ECD Digest V1 #594 To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT References: <009DE9E2.E43C248C.1-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu> In message <009DE9E2.E43C248C.1-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu>, system-AT- SSRL 04.SLAC.Stanford.EDU writes >The last time the idea of a computer index of English Country Dances came >up, I sent a note to Alan Paterson, who wrote DanceData, asking if he might >be willing to share the basic design of this database. I think I saw this topic skip past somewhere along the line - one of the problems of getting a digest version is that you can too easily miss complete topics if you don't read a few messages. Worse if you somehow miss the digests for a month or so. Ouch! My feeling is there we are getting to the stage the web can be the reference for dances rather than a database. The important bit is that dances are written up in a standard fashion (cf 'ABC' format for writing down tunes) and enthusiasts to maintain an index. The web technologies are moving remarkably fast - up until recently you couldn't point at a natural way of writing up this information: ABC for example is a text file with prefixes for each line; usable, pragmatic but you couldn't use the ABC writeup of a tune as the basis of a web page. What is changing is that a new format is appearing - one which can be tailored to include details in terms that both a person can understand and can be displayed on the Web. The buzzword is XML. Of course, it doesn't have any in-built knowledge about dance, more it allows you to decide on you own terms for what information you want to include in a dance description. Then, as a second step, you can say how you want these bits of information displayed. The computing tools for writing stuff in XML are (probably) still on the way but I think we can do some thinking in advance - if you were putting a dance on the web, what bits, parts or details, would you include? -- Regards, Martin Kiff mgk-AT- webfeet.co.uk ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sun, 26 Sep 1999 00:15:28 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sun, 26 Sep 1999 00:24:27 -0800 From: Laurie Andres Subject: Re: ECD Digest V1 #594 To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Message-ID: <37EDD800.2CF68B4F-AT- earthlink.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; x-mac-creator=4D4F5353; x-mac-type=54455854; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT References: <009DE9E2.E43C248C.1-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu> Ack! Oh no, not more standardization! The death of local tradition and vibrancy. Regards, Laurie Andres Martin Kiff wrote: > In message <009DE9E2.E43C248C.1-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu>, system-AT- SSRL > 04.SLAC.Stanford.EDU writes > > {snip} > > My feeling is there we are getting to the stage the web can be the > reference for dances rather than a database. The important bit is that > dances are written up in a standard fashion (cf 'ABC' format for writing > down tunes) and enthusiasts to maintain an index. > > {snip} > -- > Regards, > Martin Kiff > mgk-AT- webfeet.co.uk ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sun, 26 Sep 1999 04:53:21 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sun, 26 Sep 1999 13:49:46 +0200 From: M Sheffield Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: What's it called? To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <3.0.5.32.19990926134946.007b9e30-AT- pop.wanadoo.fr> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT A few years ago, I learnt a New England contra and have since used it from time to time in classes. Unfortunately I never made a note of its name. Could any of you experts recognize the dance? - Dosidos your opposite. - Take part's hand and dosidos in tandem round the other couple. - Circle left, arches ... I'd never met dosidos in tandem before and liked this continuous clockwise movement. Does it ring a bell? Martin, in Grenoble, France. --- http://perso.wanadoo.fr/scots.in.france/ (dancing, dances, cycling ...) ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sun, 26 Sep 1999 07:20:07 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sun, 26 Sep 1999 10:19:42 -0400 From: Mary Beth Goodman Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: What's it called? To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT References: <3.0.5.32.19990926134946.007b9e30-AT- pop.wanadoo.fr> At 1:49 PM +0200 9/26/99, M Sheffield wrote: >- Take part's hand and dosidos in tandem round the other couple. you mean, like a pousette? Mary Beth <-- ranting away quickly! ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sun, 26 Sep 1999 09:16:01 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sun, 26 Sep 1999 16:56:01 +0200 From: M Sheffield Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: What's it called? (2) To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <3.0.5.32.19990926165601.0079b350-AT- pop.wanadoo.fr> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Sorry, my last message should have read: - Dosidos your opposite. - Take part's hand and dosidos in tandem round the other couple. - Circle left halfway, half right& left through back to places. - Arches ... Martin, in Grenoble, France. ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sun, 26 Sep 1999 10:47:40 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sun, 26 Sep 1999 18:26:09 +0200 From: M Sheffield Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: What's it called? To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <3.0.5.32.19990926182609.0079a960-AT- pop.wanadoo.fr> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT References: <3.0.5.32.19990926134946.007b9e30-AT- pop.wanadoo.fr> >>- Take part's hand and dosidos in tandem round the other couple. > >you mean, like a pousette? > No, only nearer hands are held, partners dancing side by side. Martin, in Grenoble, France. ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sun, 26 Sep 1999 13:25:25 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sun, 26 Sep 1999 16:28:30 -0400 From: "Albert A. Blank" Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Elizabeth I and country dance To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <37EE81EE.86BD8833-AT- sprintmail.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT References: <009DE9E2.E43C248C.1-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu> Recently, I heard a talk in which it was said that Elizabeth I participated in and enjoyed country dances in her youth when she was safely away from court and not considered as a possible heir to the thrown. Also, it was said that when Leicester offered the services of his dancing master to the Queen, he was rebuffed, since she preferred country dance to the formal court dances. All this was news to me. The earliest references I am aware of to country dances perfomed at court are in Pepys' diary in the realm of Charles II. Can anyone provide earlier sources? Albert Blank fandango-AT- sprintmail.com ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sun, 26 Sep 1999 14:49:28 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sun, 26 Sep 1999 17:49:16 -0400 (EDT) From: julia s sutton Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Elizabeth I and country dance To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU CC: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Based on my research into Elizabeth I, the entire first sentence is nonsense: country dances were not considered 'folk dances' in her day (that is, for the peasants only); in fact, all the country dances in the Playford editions were done by the middle and upper classes. One theory is that 'country dance' meant a dance done in country houses. As for Eliabeth, she enjoyed dancing, and when she was older enjoyed making up country dances for her maids (perhaps ladies in waiting). She would not, however, ever have danced with her servants but only with her social peers. All we know of her training was that in her youth 'she had learned to dance high in the Italian manner.' We do not know who taught her, but we do know that there were Italians at court as musicians and fencing masters (dancing masters could also be music masters or fencing masters). As for early references, there's an old article in the journal of English Folk Dance and Song that collects a good many 16th-c. references. Sorry time doesn't permit my finding the reference for you. Julia Sutton On Sun, 26 Sep 1999, Albert A. Blank wrote: > Recently, I heard a talk in which it was said that Elizabeth I > participated in and enjoyed country dances in her youth when she was safely > away from court and not considered as a possible heir to the thrown. Also, > it was said that when Leicester offered the services of his dancing master > to the Queen, he was rebuffed, since she preferred country dance to the > formal court dances. > All this was news to me. The earliest references I am aware of to > country dances perfomed at court are in Pepys' diary in the realm of Charles > II. Can anyone provide earlier sources? > > Albert Blank > fandango-AT- sprintmail.com > > > ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Sun, 26 Sep 1999 14:49:32 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Sun, 26 Sep 1999 17:49:16 -0400 (EDT) From: julia s sutton Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Elizabeth I and country dance To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU CC: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Based on my research into Elizabeth I, the entire first sentence is nonsense: country dances were not considered 'folk dances' in her day (that is, for the peasants only); in fact, all the country dances in the Playford editions were done by the middle and upper classes. One theory is that 'country dance' meant a dance done in country houses. As for Eliabeth, she enjoyed dancing, and when she was older enjoyed making up country dances for her maids (perhaps ladies in waiting). She would not, however, ever have danced with her servants but only with her social peers. All we know of her training was that in her youth 'she had learned to dance high in the Italian manner.' We do not know who taught her, but we do know that there were Italians at court as musicians and fencing masters (dancing masters could also be music masters or fencing masters). As for early references, there's an old article in the journal of English Folk Dance and Song that collects a good many 16th-c. references. Sorry time doesn't permit my finding the reference for you. Julia Sutton On Sun, 26 Sep 1999, Albert A. Blank wrote: > Recently, I heard a talk in which it was said that Elizabeth I > participated in and enjoyed country dances in her youth when she was safely > away from court and not considered as a possible heir to the thrown. Also, > it was said that when Leicester offered the services of his dancing master > to the Queen, he was rebuffed, since she preferred country dance to the > formal court dances. > All this was news to me. The earliest references I am aware of to > country dances perfomed at court are in Pepys' diary in the realm of Charles > II. Can anyone provide earlier sources? > > Albert Blank > fandango-AT- sprintmail.com > > > ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Tue, 28 Sep 1999 12:02:03 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Tue, 28 Sep 1999 12:01:48 -0700 From: Marjorie McLaughlin Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Elizabeth I and country dance To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <37F1109C.213E27F5-AT- home.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT References: I would have to disagree with Julia's conclusions about the nature of the country dances known to Elizabeth I. Her reign 1558-1603 predates Playford's 1651 publication, however the popularity of country dances with her court led to their being fashionable with the upper classes and ensured John Playford of a financially successful publication. The country dances she is said to have enjoyed were distinct from the court dances generally in favor at the time. She does seem to have enjoyed these dances as a counter to the more formal court dances, and to have used them a way to encourage a spirit of nationalism. These derive from the indigenous dances of the English countryside, as opposed to the court dances which had generally been imported from France or Italy. It is true that much changed during the remainder of the 17th century once the country dances became fashionable, standardized and disseminated by publishers and dancing masters, but their origins do appear to be as folk dances, not as ballroom dances. Certainly the "new country dances" known to Elizabeth's court seem to be a combination of the traditional country dance form and the progressive figure dances known through Fabritio Caroso's "Il Ballarino" (1581). This was an enormously popular and widely used dance manual. But I do think the origins of the country dance in England need to be viewed as an important, distinct and indigenous form of dance. For information on early sources I would suggest: Wood, Melusine. "Some Notes on the English Country Dance before Playford" JEFDSS, Vol. 3 no. 2, 1937 Wood, Melusine. "Some Historical Dances", London: Imperial Society of Teachers of Dancing, 1952 Wood, Melusine. "More Historical Dances", London: Imperial Society of Teachers of Dancing, 1956 Millar, John Fitzhugh. "Elizabethan Country Dances" Williamsburg, VA: Thirteen Colonies Press, 1985 Emmerson, George. "A Social History of Scottish Dance", McGill-Queen's University Press, 1972 (mostly for its extensive bibliography of original sources) Marjorie McLaughlin julia s sutton wrote: > > Based on my research into Elizabeth I, the entire first sentence is > nonsense: country dances were not considered 'folk dances' in her day > (that is, for the peasants only); in fact, all the country dances in > the Playford editions were done by the middle and upper classes. One > theory is that 'country dance' meant a dance done in country houses. > As for Eliabeth, she enjoyed dancing, and when she was older enjoyed > making up country dances for her maids (perhaps ladies in waiting). She > would not, however, ever have danced with her servants but only > with her social peers. All we know of her training was that in her youth > 'she had learned to dance high in the Italian manner.' We do not know who > taught her, but we do know that there were Italians at court as musicians > and fencing masters (dancing masters could also be music masters or > fencing masters). > > As for early references, there's an old article in the journal of English > Folk Dance and Song that collects a good many 16th-c. references. Sorry > time doesn't permit my finding the reference for you. > > Julia Sutton > > On Sun, 26 Sep 1999, Albert A. Blank wrote: > > > Recently, I heard a talk in which it was said that Elizabeth I > > participated in and enjoyed country dances in her youth when she was safely > > away from court and not considered as a possible heir to the thrown. Also, > > it was said that when Leicester offered the services of his dancing master > > to the Queen, he was rebuffed, since she preferred country dance to the > > formal court dances. > > All this was news to me. The earliest references I am aware of to > > country dances perfomed at court are in Pepys' diary in the realm of Charles > > II. Can anyone provide earlier sources? > > > > Albert Blank > > fandango-AT- sprintmail.com > > > > > > ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Tue, 28 Sep 1999 13:11:49 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Tue, 28 Sep 1999 13:11:42 -0700 (PDT) From: Alan Winston - SSRL Central Computing Subject: Re: Elizabeth I and country dance To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Message-ID: <01JGI6JEJY3M935DAJ-AT- SSRL.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Marjorie McLaughlin writes: For information on early sources I would suggest: Wood, Melusine. "Some Notes on the English Country Dance before Playford" JEFDSS, Vol. 3 no. 2, 1937 Wood, Melusine. "Some Historical Dances", London: Imperial Society of Teachers of Dancing, 1952 Wood, Melusine. "More Historical Dances", London: Imperial Society of Teachers of Dancing, 1956 Millar, John Fitzhugh. "Elizabethan Country Dances" Williamsburg, VA: Thirteen Colonies Press, 1985 Emmerson, George. "A Social History of Scottish Dance", McGill-Queen's University Press, 1972 (mostly for its extensive bibliography of original sources) I don't know for sure about George Emmerson, and, not pretending to be a dance scholar or to have studied original sources myself, don't really have an opinion of my own. I will note only that there has been enough contention from other scholars about the accuracy of historical interpretation by the other authors on your list that you shouldn't expect statements based on their work to go altogether unchallenged. (I'll also note that John and Cathy Millar are very pleasant people, excellent hosts at their inn in Williamsburg, provide the splendid site for a fun country dance series, and wrote a terrific dance ("Corelli's Maggot.") (Incidentally, my current favorite dubious interpretation of country dance is Sharp's (and Karpeles? it's in CDB5) view of one figure in Appalachian big circle dancing as a remnant of well worship, and another figure (birdie in a cage) as a remnant of human sacrifice.) -- Alan =============================================================================== Alan Winston --- WINSTON-AT- SSRL.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Disclaimer: I speak only for myself, not SLAC or SSRL Phone: 650/926-3056 Physical mail to: SSRL -- SLAC BIN 69, PO BOX 4349, STANFORD, CA 94309-0210 =============================================================================== ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Tue, 28 Sep 1999 20:28:59 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Tue, 28 Sep 1999 23:28:49 -0400 (EDT) From: Sue Wartell Subject: Dance databases To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Message-ID: <199909290328.XAA17381-AT- cas.org> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Martin Kiff commented in response to my mention of Alan Patterson's DanceData program: > My feeling is there we are getting to the stage the web can be the > reference for dances rather than a database. The important bit is that > dances are written up in a standard fashion (cf 'ABC' format for > writing down tunes) and enthusiasts to maintain an index. The data in the DanceData database is in fact available on the Web. http://mars.tm.informatik.uni-frankfurt.de:8000/dd/ It's quite nice, but the Web version lacks the features I most like about the database. 1. I can't use it to track my "holdings". The database allows me to note which recordings and dance directions are in my collections. This allows me to pull together a program on short notice, based on the recordings/music and dance directions I happen to have and based on details about what kind of dance(s) I am looking for.) 2. I can't make notations linked to the dances on the web. (e.g., I learned this dance at ____, or there is a tricky bit just at the start of the second 8 bars, or I particularly like the recording by xxxx for this dance.) 3. I have to be connected to the internet to use it. This is a big negative. Note that the database Alan has assembled contains information _about_ dances and music; it doesn't contain any dance directions or music. Its function is to be an index. It makes it easy to locate the directions for a dance, or its composer, or date of composition, or available recordings, etc. Copyright considerations make putting the actual directions out on the Web problematic. (And _no_, I don't want to start yet another round of the copyright discussion. :-) ) On a related note, there is also a program available out on the Web for recording dance directions. Take a look at http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/D_Taeger/dmaster.htm I haven't used it, so I don't know what its features might be. It is designed for Scottish Country Dancing, but it might also be usable for ECD. ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Tue, 28 Sep 1999 22:55:24 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Wed, 29 Sep 1999 01:55:50 -7000 From: Rich Galloway Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Elizabeth I and country dance To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <199909290555.BAA26083-AT- ns.kreative.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/enriched; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT I can't figure out a tactful way to word this, so please excuse me for being blunt. On the one hand we have the opinion of Julia Sutton, probably the most respected authority on dancing in the Elizabethan period. And, on the other hand we have Melusine Wood, a noted practitioner of the "wishful conjecture" method of dance research. Al, the talk you heard about Elizabeth dancing country dances was pure bunk. To quote Kitty Keller from _The Playford Ball_, "she [Elizabeth] enjoyed watching the ladies of her court dancing 'country dances,' although she herself preferred the galliard, volta, and other more demanding couple dances." And, although I am not comfortable with many of the things John Millar has published, I must defend him on this particular point. He too disagreed with the speaker's claim that "Elizabeth I participated in and enjoyed country dances in her youth." In his _Elizabethan Country Dances_, John Millar wrote, "It is believed that Elizabeth was interested mainly in Court Dancing until 1591 when she visited Lord and Lady Montague at Cowdray House in Sussex and watched her hosts doing Country Dances with their tenants." The following excerpt from a secondary source (sorry, I forgot to note the title of the book) quotes an unattributed early 17th century text: "0000,0000,8000At Cowdrey, Lord and Lady Montagu dance with their tenants for Queen Elizabeth and 'in the evening the countrie people presented themselves to her Majestie in a pleasaunt dance with taber and pipe.' 'Her Majestie is in very good health and comes much abroad these holidayes; for almost every night she is in the presence to see the ladies daunce the new Country dances, with the taber and pipe.'" Finally, if it makes a difference to anyone, based on my limited research of materials from the Elizabethan period, I agree completely with what Julia wrote about dancing in that period. While I didn't infer from Al's message that the speaker correlated country dancing with folk dancing, Julia is absolutely right. Country dancing may have been danced at country houses, but it wasn't peasant dancing. (Julia, if you find the reference to the article in the EFDS journal with "a good many 16th-c. references," please pass in on. Thanks.) ============================================= Marjorie McLaughlin wrote: 0000,0000,FF00> I would have to disagree with Julia's conclusions about the nature of > the country dances known to Elizabeth I. Her reign 1558-1603 predates > Playford's 1651 publication, however the popularity of country dances > with her court led to their being fashionable with the upper classes and > ensured John Playford of a financially successful publication. The > country dances she is said to have enjoyed were distinct from the court > dances generally in favor at the time. She does seem to have enjoyed > these dances as a counter to the more formal court dances, and to have > used them a way to encourage a spirit of nationalism. These derive from > the indigenous dances of the English countryside, as opposed to the > court dances which had generally been imported from France or Italy. It > is true that much changed during the remainder of the 17th century once > the country dances became fashionable, standardized and disseminated by > publishers and dancing masters, but their origins do appear to be as > folk dances, not as ballroom dances. Certainly the "new country dances" > known to Elizabeth's court seem to be a combination of the traditional > country dance form and the progressive figure dances known through > Fabritio Caroso's "Il Ballarino" (1581). This was an enormously popular > and widely used dance manual. But I do think the origins of the country > dance in England need to be viewed as an important, distinct and > indigenous form of dance. > > For information on early sources I would suggest: > Wood, Melusine. "Some Notes on the English Country Dance before > Playford" JEFDSS, Vol. 3 no. 2, 1937 > Wood, Melusine. "Some Historical Dances", London: Imperial Society of > Teachers of Dancing, 1952 > Wood, Melusine. "More Historical Dances", London: Imperial Society of > Teachers of Dancing, 1956 > Millar, John Fitzhugh. "Elizabethan Country Dances" Williamsburg, VA: > Thirteen Colonies Press, 1985 > Emmerson, George. "A Social History of Scottish Dance", McGill-Queen's > University Press, 1972 (mostly for its extensive bibliography of > original sources) > > Marjorie McLaughlin > > julia s sutton wrote: > > > > Based on my research into Elizabeth I, the entire first sentence is > > nonsense: country dances were not considered 'folk dances' in her day > > (that is, for the peasants only); in fact, all the country dances in > > the Playford editions were done by the middle and upper classes. One > > theory is that 'country dance' meant a dance done in country houses. > > As for Eliabeth, she enjoyed dancing, and when she was older enjoyed > > making up country dances for her maids (perhaps ladies in waiting). She > > would not, however, ever have danced with her servants but only > > with her social peers. All we know of her training was that in her youth > > 'she had learned to dance high in the Italian manner.' We do not know who > > taught her, but we do know that there were Italians at court as musicians > > and fencing masters (dancing masters could also be music masters or > > fencing masters). > > > > As for early references, there's an old article in the journal of English > > Folk Dance and Song that collects a good many 16th-c. references. Sorry > > time doesn't permit my finding the reference for you. > > > > Julia Sutton > > > > On Sun, 26 Sep 1999, Albert A. Blank wrote: > > > > > Recently, I heard a talk in which it was said that Elizabeth I > > > participated in and enjoyed country dances in her youth when she was safely > > > away from court and not considered as a possible heir to the thrown. Also, > > > it was said that when Leicester offered the services of his dancing master > > > to the Queen, he was rebuffed, since she preferred country dance to the > > > formal court dances. > > > All this was news to me. The earliest references I am aware of to > > > country dances perfomed at court are in Pepys' diary in the realm of Charles > > > II. Can anyone provide earlier sources? > > > > > > Albert Blank > > > fandango-AT- sprintmail.com > > > ==================================================== Rich Galloway Silver Spring, MD ==================================================== ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Wed, 29 Sep 1999 04:01:37 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Wed, 29 Sep 1999 08:31:30 -0230 (NDT) From: Margaret Connors Subject: Re: Elizabeth I and country dance To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Greetings to All! Two more interesting books to look at are: Music at the Inns of Court during the Reigns of Elizabeth, James and Charles by Robert W. Weinpahl ISBN 0835704173 The Inns of Court under Elizabeth I and the Early Stuarts 1590-1640 by Wilfred R. Prest ISBN 0874710782 These books are not specifically concerned with dance, and the authors are not dance historians. But the books contain much interesting information concerning the Revels and various ceremonies that were a major part of the life of The Inns of Court. Margaret Connors, St. John's, Newfoundland Canada ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Wed, 29 Sep 1999 04:15:18 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Wed, 29 Sep 1999 04:15:08 -0700 From: Marjorie McLaughlin Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Elizabeth I and country dance To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <37F1F4BC.200FF-AT- home.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT References: <199909290555.BAA26083-AT- ns.kreative.net> I appreciate Rich Galloway's successful effort at tact - and I do apologize for my lack of tact in "disagreeing" with Julia Sutton. What I really intended was to offer Albert Blank some information contradicting the notion that "no country dances had been performed at court earlier than in the realm of Charles II", and I got a bit carried away by some of my long-presumed notions about the origins of "country dances". The sources quoted (below)in Rich's response I found in John Nichols, "The Progresses and Public Processions of Queen Elizabeth", volumes I and III, London, 1823. Rich Galloway wrote: > "The following excerpt from a secondary source (sorry, I forgot to note the title of the book) quotes an unattributed early 17th century text: > > "At Cowdrey, Lord and Lady Montagu dance with their tenants for Queen Elizabeth and 'in the evening the countrie people presented themselves to her Majestie in a pleasaunt dance with taber and pipe.' > > 'Her Majestie is in very good health and comes much abroad these holidayes; for almost every night she is in the presence to see the ladies daunce the new Country dances, with the taber and pipe.'" Can it be inferred that these "pleasant dances" danced by "tenants", as well as the occasion at Warwick Castle in 1572 where "it pleased her to have the country people, resorting to see her, daunce in the court of the Castell, her Majestie beholding them out of her chamber window; which thing, as it plesid well the country people, so it seemed her Majestie was much delighted, and made very myrry", were popular, common dances (I'm trying to avoid using the loaded word "country") which other sources tell us were enjoyed at court as a contrast to the "grave measures"? I realize this is a complex subject and that I quoted sources which are not the best, but I do still wonder about the indigenous nature of these country dances, affected though they were by influences such as the Italian dancing masters. Marjorie McLaughlin San Diego, CA ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Wed, 29 Sep 1999 11:02:22 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Wed, 29 Sep 1999 13:02:17 -0500 (EST) From: Mary Railing Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Elizabeth I and country dance To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT The dances done by the country people in Elizabeth's presence need not have been "country dances" as we know them. They could have been the simple circle and line dances that coexisted with other forms of dance throughout the fifteenth century. Where country dances are referred to in Elizabethan sources, we don't even know how much the term covered and whether the definition changed over time. An English-Italian dictionary of 1602 defines the Italian verb "chiaranzare" as "to dance to ballads, as a country dance" implying that the definitive feature of country dances was the music. Thomas Morley in his "Plaine and Easie Instruction in Practical Musick" mentions country dances in his list of types of music and refers to them as "our English country dances", so he must have seen something indiginous about them, but whether it was the music or the figures he doesn't say. --Mary Railing ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Wed, 29 Sep 1999 11:56:37 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Wed, 29 Sep 1999 14:55:23 -0400 From: gaff-AT- neu.edu (Terence Gaffney) Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: CD release party for Bare Necessities To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Those list members within driving distance of Boston might enjoy a CD release party we are having for Bare Necessities on Wednesday, Oct 6 at the Park Avenue Congregational Church in Arlington. We'll be celebrating vol 1 and the soon-to-be-released vol 2 of "Favorites of the Boston Centre". The dance will also be a celebration of the Band's longstanding relationship with the Wednesday series. For this evening, the Band will be picking out the dances, including some of the tunes from the two CDs as well as favorities of the Band. Our feeling is that since theyve been playing for us for near 20 years, next Wedneday we'll be happy to dance for them. If you have any photos of members of the band, please bring them along; we'll have display boards so that everyone can enjoy. Best, Terry Gaffney ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Wed, 29 Sep 1999 15:31:42 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Wed, 29 Sep 1999 18:19:55 -0400 From: sheilab-AT- tiac.net (Sheila Beardslee Bosworth) Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: RenDance Evening w/Renaissonics Fr 10/1 To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT If you live within driving distance of Cambridge, Mass., you might enjoy an evening of early Playford *and earlier* dance with [mostly 18th-century specialist] Ken Pierce. RENAISSONICS hosts its monthly Renaissance Dance for Everyone Evening on Friday, October 1 at 7:30 PM at Jewett Hall, First Church Congregational, 11 Garden Street in Harvard Square, Cambridge (Massachusetts). All dances will be taught by guest Ken Pierce with lively music provided by John Tyson, recorder & pipe-&-tabor and members of RENAISSONICS. Admission is $8. Refreshments are served. Please bring soft-soled shoes. For further information, please call 617/661-3353. Upcoming Dance Evenings are Nov. 12 and Dec. 3. posted for Renaissonics by Sheila Bosworth sheilab-AT- tiac.net ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Thu, 30 Sep 1999 05:09:05 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Thu, 30 Sep 1999 08:08:04 -0400 From: Sharon A McKinley Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: ECD in seattle? To: ECD-AT- PLAYFORD.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT ECD folk: i got an interesting email from a fella named playford who is doing genealogy and now is interested in knowing about--dance. what a surprise! he found us on the web. he lives in seattle and i'm trying to find a link for him. haven't succeeded yet ("can't find server", "page doesn't exist", etc.). cdss group directory doesn't even seem to have anything in seattle. anyone want to volunteer to email this guy? he wants info, CDs, etc. i will direct him to the cdss home page, but wouldn't it be nice to offer him something closer to home? thanks, sharon "nice town, seattle, but where's the ECD?" mckinley, and not an official playford publisher for any government agency ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Thu, 30 Sep 1999 13:22:13 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Thu, 30 Sep 1999 13:26:48 -0700 From: paul/victoria bestock Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: ECD in seattle? To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <3.0.6.32.19990930132648.00867d20-AT- oz.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT At 08:08 AM 9/30/1999 -0400, you wrote: >ECD folk: > i got an interesting email from a fella named playford who is doing >genealogy and now is interested in knowing about--dance. what a >surprise! he found us on the web. he lives in seattle and i'm trying >to find a link for him. haven't succeeded yet ("can't find server", >"page doesn't exist", etc.). cdss group directory doesn't even seem to >have anything in seattle. Yes it does. CDSS directory lists Nonesuch, which is an English Dance performing group, with me listed as director and contact person. It also has Wannadance, which is the umbrella organization for all the contra dances in town. Your friend should look again. There's a lot of dance and music in Seattle, and much of it listed in CDSS. The FRiday night dances aren't, but they are by different people, callers, bands, and don't have a parent organization to list. anyone want to volunteer to email this guy? >>he wants info, CDs, etc. i will direct him to the cdss home page, but wouldn't it be nice to offer him s omething closer to home? > thanks, sharon "nice town, seattle, but where's the ECD?" mckinley, >and not an official playford publisher for any government agency OK I"ll bite. Welcome to Seattle's English Country Dance community, whoever you are! ECD takes place the first third and fifth Fridays at the University Friends Center. Workshop for beginners at 7:30, dance begins at 8:00. All dances are fragrance free so please don't wear any scented products. Seattle English Country Ball Jan 22, 2000. Registration-- Paul Bestock, bestcokp-AT- oz.net Cascadia Occasional English Dance, last weekend in April. Scott Higgs calling, various bands. Workshops Sat all day and Sun. AM, dances Sat evening and Sun. afternoon. Workshops for newcomers preceding each dance and on Wed. nights in the fall. There is also a dance group associated with Society for Creative Anachronism, which does mostly earlier stuff, but a little Playford as well. Cascadia OED and the English Country Ball each have their own websites, which haven't been updated for this year yet. General dance info for Seattle, including English Dances at Matt Fisher's website http://www.seattledance.org/english/ More info on Seattle English dances from Julie King But if your friend is interested in scholarly research about dance, and not in actually dancing, they'd be better off joining the ECD list, and talking to people like Julia Sutton and Rich Galloway. And if they want CD's, we here in Seattle still get them from CDSS, which has the biggest collection. Vicky Bestock ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Thu, 30 Sep 1999 14:39:27 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Thu, 30 Sep 1999 14:44:17 -0700 From: Heyer Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Re: Elizabeth I and country dance To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <01bf0b8c$f207fd00$a1e7adce-AT- default> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT Speaking just as an interested spectator, I must admit that passages quoted by both Marjorie and Rich make it sound as if the whole origins-of-country-dances question doesn't have the kind of categorical answer where you can simply say "no, the yokels had nothing to do with it." Did Elizabeth in fact pick it up in Sussex and carry it back to court? And if she picked it up in Sussex, is the implication that it was invented by the rural gentry with no inspiration from the yokels? This last point seems a little odd to me. Going off on a tangent, could someone clarify the relationship between circle dances and country dancing? I always just accepted circle dances as a form of ECD, since it shows up in Playford, but from various comments on this list it sounds as a distinction is made between them. (?) Thanks -- Marian Phillips San Francisco > "At Cowdrey, Lord and Lady Montagu dance with their tenants for Queen Elizabeth and 'in the evening the countrie people presented themselves to her Majestie in a pleasaunt dance with taber and pipe.' > > 'Her Majestie is in very good health and comes much abroad these holidayes; for almost every night she is in the presence to see the ladies daunce the new Country dances, with the taber and pipe.'" "it pleased her to have the country people, resorting to see her, daunce in the court of the Castell, her Majestie beholding them out of her chamber window; which thing, as it plesid well the country people, so it seemed her Majestie was much delighted, and made very myrry "It is believed that Elizabeth was interested mainly in Court Dancing until 1591 when she visited Lord and Lady Montague at Cowdray House in Sussex and watched her hosts doing Country Dances with their tenants." ================================================================================ Archive-Date: Thu, 30 Sep 1999 16:58:33 PST Sender: owner-ecd-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Date: Thu, 30 Sep 1999 18:59:11 -0500 From: Mike Mudrey Reply-To: ECD-AT- playford.slac.stanford.edu Subject: Dancing in Madison Wisconsin with Helene Cornelius calling To: ECD-AT- SSRL04.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU Message-ID: <4.1.19990930185237.009835a0-AT- popmail.tds.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT This Monday, October 4, 1999, 7:30 p.m. until 10:30 p.m. at Wilmar Center, 953 Jenifer St., Madison, WI English Country Dacing calling by Helene Cornelius music by Mike Briggs of McDuffs (Scottish and Contra) and Karen Cornelius of Far From Home (Celtic) more information http://sprott.physics.wisc.edu/mecds/home.htm#cornelius The Madison (Wisconsin) English Country Dance Society meets for dancing October through May at the Wilmar Center and June through September in front of Memorial Library on the first and third Mondays of the month from 7:30-9:30 PM. For more information, contact Frances (fhough-AT- mailbag.com), Jean (608-231-1040) or Don (608-238-9951) or http://sprott.physics.wisc.edu/mecds/home.htm Mike Mudrey P.O. Box 22 New Glarus, Wisconsin 53574-0022 mgmudrey-AT- madison.tds.net